The document provides information about different types of graphs including bar graphs, double bar graphs, and histograms. It explains how to interpret and construct each type of graph using example data. Bar graphs can display and compare single or multiple data sets using vertical bars of different heights. Double bar graphs are used to compare two related data sets side by side. Histograms are bar graphs that show the frequency distribution of continuous data using equal interval bins on the x-axis. The document demonstrates how to make each graph type by following steps such as choosing scales, drawing bars, and labeling axes.

1. Bar Graphs and
Histograms

2. What do you know about
 bar graph?
 double bar graph?
 Histogram?

3. Bar Graph
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Spanish
Mandarin
Hindi
English
 A bar graph
can be used to
display and
compare data
 The scale
should include
all the data
values and be
easily divided
into equal
intervals.

4. How to interpret a Bar Graph?
TThhee bbaarr ggrraapphh sshhoowwss MMrr.. SSnnoowwddeenn’’ss
 How many of Mr.
Snowden’s
students are
band members?
 How many of Mr.
Snowden’s
students are not
band members?
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Female
band
Female not
band
Male band Male not
band
ssttuuddeennttss bbyy ggeennddeerr aanndd bbaanndd
..mmeemmbbeerrsshhiipp

5. Double Bar Graph
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1st
Qtr
2nd
Qtr
3rd
Qtr
4th
Qtr
 Can be used to
compare two
related sets of
data

6. How to make a Double-
Bar Graph?
 Choose a scale and interval for the
vertical axis.
 Draw a pair of bars for each country’s
data. Use different colors to show males
and females.
 Label the axes and give the graph a title.
 Make a key to show what each bar
represents.

7. The table shows the highway
speed limits on interstate
roads .within three states
SSttaattee UUrrbbaann RRuurraall
FFlloorriiddaa 6655mmii//hh 7700 mmii//hh
TTeexxaass 7700 mmii//hh 7700 mmii//hh
VVeerrmmoonntt 5555mmii//hh 6655 mmii//hh

8. Step 1
 Choose a scale
and interval for
the vertical axis.
80
60
40
20
0
SSttaattee UUrrbbaann RRuurraall
FFlloorriiddaa 6655mmii//hh 7700 mmii//hh
TTeexxaass 7700 mmii//hh 7700 mmii//hh
VVeerrmmoonntt 5555mmii//hh 6655 mmii//hh

9. Step 2  Draw a pair of bars for each
state’s data. Use different
colors to show urban and rural.
80
60
40
20
0
Florida Texas Vermont
SSttaattee UUrrbbaann RRuurraall
FFlloorriiddaa 6655mmii//hh 7700 mmii//hh
TTeexxaass 7700 mmii//hh 7700 mmii//hh
VVeerrmmoonntt 5555mmii//hh 6655 mmii//hh

10. Step 3 and 4
 Label the axes
and give the
graph a title.
 Make a key to
show what each
bar represents
80
60
40
20
0
Speed Limit on Interstate Roads
Florida Texas Vermont
(Speed Limit (mi/h
Urban
Rural

11. Histogram
 Histogram is a bar graph that shows the
frequency of data within equal intervals.
 There is no space in between the bars.

12. How to make a
histogram?

13. The table below shows the number of
hours students watch TV in one week
Make a histogram of all the data.
NNuummbbeerr ooff hhoouurrss ooff TTVV
11 IIII 66 IIIIII
22 IIIIIIII 77 IIIIIIII -- IIIIIIII
33 IIIIIIII -- IIIIIIII 88 IIIIII
44 IIIIIIII -- II 99 IIIIIIII
55 IIIIIIII -- IIIIII

14. Step 1  Make a frequency
table of the data.
Be sure to use
equal intervals
NNuummbbeerr ooff hhoouurrss ooff TTVV
11 IIII 66 IIIIII
22 IIIIIIII 77 IIIIIIII -- IIIIIIII
33 IIIIIIII -- IIIIIIII 88 IIIIII
44 IIIIIIII -- II 99 IIIIIIII
55 IIIIIIII -- IIIIII
NNuummbbeerr ooff
hhoouurrss ooff TTVV
FFrreeqquueennccyy
11--33 1155
44--66 1177
77--99 1166

15. Step 2
 Choose an appropriate scale and interval for the vertical
axis. The greatest value on the scale should be at least as
great as the greatest frequency.
NNuummbbeerr ooff
hhoouurrss ooff TTVV
FFrreeqquueennccyy
11--33 1155
44--66 1177
77--99 1166
20
16
12
8
4
0
1-3 4-6 7-9

16. Step 3
 Draw a bar for each interval.
The height of the bar is the
frequency for that interval.
Bars must touch but not
overlap.
 Label the axes and give the
graph title
Hours of Television
Watched
20
16
12
8
4
0
1-3 4-6 7-9
Hours
Number of students
NNuummbbeerr ooff
hhoouurrss ooff TTVV
FFrreeqquueennccyy
11--33 1155
44--66 1177
77--99 1166

17. Hours of Television
Watched
20
16
12
8
4
0
1-3 4-6 7-9
Hours
Number of students

18. Can you now make a bar
graph, double bar Graph
and a histogram?

19. The list below shows the results of a typing
test in words per minute. Make a
histogram of the data.
62, 55, 68, 47, 50, 41, 62, 39, 54, 70, 56,
70, 56, 47, 71, 55, 60, 42

20. The end