nose and nasal cavity region of nasal cavity surrounding structures blood supply nerve supply

1. Anatomy
Nose
Nasal Cavity
By- Chirag Ajmera
Shri S. L. Saini Memorial College of Paramedical
Sciences, Chomu

2. Nose
• It is the prominent structure which is situated
between the eyes.
• The nose consist of the external nose and nasal
cavity
• Both are divided by septum into right and left
nose.

3. External Nose
•The external nose is a
• Visible component of the face
• Projecting over
• Pyramidal shape
• Allowing entrance into the nasal
cavity.
• Middle of the face

4. External Nose
-The external nose has
two orifices which is called
Nostrils (naris)
are separated from each
other by the nasal septum.
-The lateral margin Ala is
rounded and Mobile

5. External Nose parts
• Tip or Apex
• Root
• Dorsum
• Nostrils
• Ala

6. External Nose parts

7. Surface Appearance
• The external nose have a pyramidal shape. The nasal root is
located superiorly, and is continuous with the forehead. The apex
of the nose ends inferiorly in a rounded ‘tip’. Spanning between
the root and apex is the dorsum of the nose.
• Located immediately inferiorly to the apex are the nares; piriform
openings into the vestibule of the nasal cavity. The nares are
bounded medially by the nasal septum, and laterally by the ala
nasi (the lateral cartilaginous wings of the nose).

8. Skeletal Structure
Skeletal
Structure
Bony
Framework
Cartilaginous
Framework

9. Bony Framework
• Located superiorly
• Nasal bones
• Frontal process of Maxillae
• Nasal part of frontal bone

10. Cartilaginous Framework
• located inferiorly
• Formed of hyaline cartilage
• 1 septum cartilage
• 2 lateral cartilage
• 2 Alar cartilage

11. Lateral Cartilage
• UPPER LATERAL CARTILAGE situated below the
inferior margin of the nasal bone, and is
flattened, and triangular in shape superior
margin is attached to the nasal bone and the
frontal process of the maxilla; its inferior margin
is connected by the greater alar cartilage.

12. Alar Cartilage
• Greater alar cartilage is a thin, flexible plate, situated
immediately below the lateral nasal cartilage.
• Lesser alar cartilage the part of the nose which forms the
lateral wall is curved to correspond with the ala of the
nose; it is oval and flattened, narrow behind, where it is
connected with the frontal process of the maxilla by a
tough fibrous membrane

13. Alar cartilage

14. Septal Nasal Cartilage
• Septal nasal cartilage continuous with the anterior
margins of the lateral cartilages; below, it is connected
to the greater alar cartilages. Its posterior margin is
connected with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid.

15. Showing 1 to 7

16. Blood Supply of External Nose
• The arterial supply - branches of the maxillary and ophthalmic arteries.
- The septum and alar cartilages the facial artery.
• Venous drainage is into the facial vein, and then in turn into the internal
jugular vein.
• Lymphatic drainage from the external nose is via superficial lymphatic
vessels accompanying the facial vein. These vessels, like all lymphatic
vessels of the head and neck, ultimately drain into the deep cervical lymph
nodes.

17. Nerve Supply of External Nose
• The infratrochlear and external
nasal branches of the
ophthalmic nerve (CN V) and
the infraorbital branch of the
maxillary nerve (CN V)

18. Nasal Cavity
Under the Anatomy of nose and nasal cavity

19. Nasal Cavity
• The nasal cavity is a large, air-filled space in the middle of the face.
• The nasal septum divides the cavity into two cavities, also known
as fossae. Each cavity is the continuation of one of the two nostrils.
• The nasal cavity extends from the external opening, the nostrils, to
the pharynx.
• The nasal cavity provides the nasal passage for inhaled air from
the nostrils to the nasopharynx and rest of the respiratory tract.

20. Location of Nasal Cavity

21. Subdivision of Nasal Cavity
• The nasal cavity can be divided into
• Vestibule region
• Respiratory region
• Olfactory region

22. Vestibule region
• The nasal vestibule is the most anterior part of the nasal cavity.
• It is enclosed by the cartilages of nose and lined by
the epithelium of the skin (stratified squamous, keratinized).
• Inside the vestibule are small hairs called vibrissae, which filter
dust and other matter that are breathed in.
•

23. Respiratory region
• Largest part of nasal cavity.
• The respiratory region of the nasal cavity refers to the passages through which air
travels into the respiratory system.
• The respiratory region comprises most of each nasal cavity, and is lined with ciliated
pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium (also called respiratory epithelium).
• The respiratory region of each nostril contains four conchae and are covered by the
nasal mucosa.
• These conchae are meatuses.
• The meatuses of the nasal cavity connect to the paranasal sinuses.

24. Olfactory region
• Small, is at the apex of each nasal cavity.
• Lined by olfactory epithelium which contains the
olfactory receptors.

25. Boundaries of the Nasal Cavity
• Roof-
• The nasal bone
• Frontal bone
• Sphenoid bone
• Ethmoid bone

26. Boundaries of the Nasal Cavity
• Floor-
• Maxilla
• Palatine bones

27. Boundaries of the Nasal Cavity
• Medial wall (nasal septum).
• The perpendicular plate of the ethmoid
bone
• Vomer bone
• Septal cartilage
• Lateral wall
• Nasal conchae (superior, middle and
inferior)
• In addition, the maxillary, sphenoid, and
palatine bones contribute to the lateral
wall.

28. Nasal Conchae
• Nasal concha, also called Turbinate, or Turbinal, any of several thin,
scroll-shaped bony elements forming the upper chambers of the nasal
cavities. They increase the surface area of these cavities, thus providing
for rapid warming and humidification of air as it passes to the lungs.
• They are three conchae
• Inferior conchae
• Middle conchae
• Superior conchae

29. Nasal Conchae

30. Nasal Conchae
• Nasal conchae project into the nasal cavity, creating four
pathways for the air to flow. These pathways are called
meatuses:
• Inferior meatus – between the inferior concha and floor of the
nasal cavity.
• Middle meatus – between the inferior and middle concha.
• Superior meatus – between the middle and superior concha.
• Spheno-ethmoidal recess – superiorly and posteriorly to the
superior concha.

31. Nasal Conchae and Meatuses

32. Openings into the Nasal Cavity
• Para-nasal sinuses
• Naso-lacrimal ducts

33. Para-nasal sinuses
• The sinuses are cavities, or air-filled pockets, near the
nasal passage. As in the nasal passage, the sinuses are
lined with mucous membranes.
• There are 4 different types of sinuses:

34. Types of sinuses
1. Ethmoid sinus
2. Maxillary sinus
3. Frontal sinus
4. Sphenoid sinus

35. Types of sinuses
• Ethmoid sinus. This sinus is located inside the face,
around the area of the bridge of the nose. It is present at
birth, and continues to grow.
• Maxillary sinus. This sinus is located inside the face,
around the area of the cheeks. It is also present at birth,
and continues to grow.
• Frontal sinus. This sinus is located inside the face, in the
area of the forehead. It does not develop until around 7
years of age.
• Sphenoid sinus. This sinus is located deep in the face,
behind the nose. It does not typically develop until the
teen years.

36. Naso-lacrimal Ducts
• The nasolacrimal duct (also called the tear duct) carries tears from the lacrimal sac of
the eye into the nasal cavity. The duct is lined by stratified columnar epithelium
• The duct begins in the eye socket , from where it passes downwards and backwards. The
opening of the nasolacrimal duct into the inferior nasal meatus of the nasal cavity is
partially covered by a mucosal fold.
• Excess tears flow through nasolacrimal duct which drains into the inferior nasal meatus.
This is the reason the nose starts to run when a person is crying or has watery eyes from an
allergy, and why one can sometimes taste eye drops. This is for the same reason when
applying some eye drops it is often advised to close the nasolacrimal duct by pressing it
with a finger to prevent the medicine from escaping the eye and having unwanted side
effects elsewhere in the body as it will proceed through the canal to the Nasal Cavity.

37. Naso-lacrimal duct

38. Blood supply
1. External carotid artery and its branches:
• sphenopalatine
• greater palatine
• superior labial
• lateral nasal arteries
2. Internal carotid artery and its branches:
• anterior ethmoidal arteries
• posterior ethmoidal arteries

39. Nerve supply
• Olfactory Nerve: olfaction
• Trigeminal nerve: general sensation
• Facial nerve: serous glands secretion (parasympathetic)

40. Thank You
Chirag Ajmera