This document summarizes several types of non-odontogenic jaw tumors. It describes exostoses as benign bony overgrowths that are often asymptomatic. It explains that tori and exostoses are identified by their location in the mouth. It also describes osteomas as non-cancerous bone growths that can sometimes cause headaches or sinus issues but often do not require treatment. Central hemangiomas are described as rare, vascular lesions most common in the second decade of life and more frequent in women. Chondromas are defined as benign cartilage tumors most common in the facial bones and mandible. Neurogenic tumors originating from nerve fibers are also discussed. Finally, central giant cell granuloma is described as a benign

1. NON
ODONTOGENIC JAW
TUMORS
Rafal S. Ali
Fifth year dental student

3. Exostosis
■ a benign, bony overgrowth that is sometimes detected by chance. Very
often, if a person has these nodules in their mouth, they are unaware
that they're an anomaly that most people do not exhibit clinically. In this
particular case, the exostoses were present in the form of tori on both
the upper and lower jaw. Since they were not causing any oral problems
or symptoms, no treatment was indicated.
Tori and exostoses are identified by their location in the mouth. Torus palatinus (TP)
and torus mandibularis (TM) are the two most common types of these bony
overgrowths.

5. Osteoma
■ osteomas are not cancerous, they can sometimes cause
headaches, sinus infections, hearing issues or vision problems
– however, many benign osteomas don’t require treatment at
all. If treatment is needed, your doctor may prescribe surgery,
pain relievers, or other minimally invasive techniques to provide
relief.

6. Central hemangioma
■ Intraosseous vascular lesions are rare lesions,
accounting for 0.5-1% of all intraosseous tumors. They
were found to be affecting the second decade of life,
more frequent in women. The frequency found affecting
the vertebral column and skull; the mandible is a quite
rare location.
■ On examination, the patient may or may not show any
symptoms, some present discomfort, blood discharge,
bluish discoloration, mobility of the teeth. The
radiographic finding is a multilocular radiolucenies with
classic honeycombs or soap bubble appearance.

8. Chondroma
■ Chondroma is a benign neoplasm of mature hyaline cartilage,
being one of the most common benign tumors of the axial
skeleton, but is rare in the head region. In the facial bones, it
involves anterior maxillary region adjacent to the nasal spine
and nasal septum and in mandible, it involves symphysis,
body, coronoid process and mandibular condyle. This tumor
probably arises from remnants of the embryonal cartilaginous
tissue that escapes resorption during endochondral
ossification.

9. Neurogenic tumors
■ Neurogenic tumors are rare in the oral cavity, particularly so when malignant.
Traumatic neuroma, although usually included with neurogenic tumors, is a reactive
process rather than a true neoplasm. Neurofibroma and schwannoma derive from
nerve fibers, the perineurium, the endoneurium and the neurolemmal cells. They
present histological differences. The neurofibroma may present in solitary and
generalized types; the latter also known as neurofibromatosis

10. Central giant cell granuloma
■ Giant cell granuloma (GCG) is an uncommon, benign, proliferative,
intraosseous lesion representing < 7% of all benign jaw lesions.The
etiology is unknown, but is thought to be a reactive process, possibly
secondary to trauma or inflammation; however, some believe it is a
benign neoplasm.
Central GCG often presents in the second and third decades of life, with a
predilection for females (~2:1).The disease often follows a slow course,
presenting with a small, asymptomatic lesion.There is a rare, aggressive type that
produces a large, fast-growing lesion, despite the benign histologic appearance.
The aggressive type often presents with pain and rapid growth and has a high
recurrence rate.

12. Thank you