Non Verbal Communication
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This document defines and discusses the different types of nonverbal communication, including proxemics, haptics, chronemics, kinesics, artifacts, vocalics, and environment. It provides examples to illustrate each type, such as the personal space distances defined by Edward Hall or how touch can influence people's behaviors. The document concludes that understanding nonverbal communication can improve our ability to interact with others.
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Nonverbal communication
This document discusses nonverbal communication. It defines nonverbal communication and lists four types: personal, cultural, universal, and unrelated. It identifies seven aspects of nonverbal behavior: body movement, physical characteristics, touching behavior, vocal qualities (paralanguage), space (proximity), artifacts, and environment. The document emphasizes that nonverbal communication provides additional context to the verbal message and can reveal a sender's true feelings.
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This document discusses strategies for effective listening. It explains that listening provides the basis for language acquisition and enables spoken communication. Effective instructors show students how to adjust their listening for different situations and purposes by developing listening strategies. There are top-down strategies that use background knowledge and prediction, and bottom-up strategies that rely on linguistic elements. Strategic listeners also use metacognitive strategies to plan, monitor, and evaluate their listening. To extract meaning, students should figure out the listening purpose, attend to relevant parts, select appropriate top-down and bottom-up strategies flexibly, and check their comprehension.
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This document discusses the importance of listening skills. It begins by explaining that listening is the most used communication skill, taking up 45% of our time, but it is the least taught. It then identifies why listening skills are important for employability. The document outlines common barriers to effective listening and bad listening habits. It describes different types of listening including active listening and reflective listening. It provides tips for effective listening such as avoiding distractions, being open-minded, and paraphrasing. Finally, it emphasizes that listening requires mental effort and involves more than just hearing.
Phonology: The Sound Patterns of Language
The document discusses several key concepts in phonology:
1. Phonology is concerned with how sounds function and pattern in a language. It describes how speech sounds are organized and affect one another in pronunciation.
2. Phonemes are abstract mental representations of sounds, not the physical sounds themselves. Minimal pairs can be used to identify phonemes by finding words that differ in only one sound.
3. Allophones are different versions of the same underlying phoneme. They are non-contrastive and found in complementary distribution, occurring in different phonetic environments.
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This document discusses discourse analysis techniques for analyzing spoken conversation. It focuses on conversation analysis, which examines everyday conversational interactions to understand how speakers manage turn-taking, use adjacency pairs and sequencing, display preferences, give feedback, and repair misunderstandings. The document provides examples of these conversational structures and notes they may differ across cultures. Conversation analysis involves transcribing recordings of natural conversation to closely analyze linguistic and social behaviors.
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PPT of Nonverbal Communication
A brief explanation of Nonverbal Communication with appropriate figures. It can also submitted to professor at the time of submission.
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Nonverbal communication
This document discusses nonverbal communication. It defines nonverbal communication and lists four types: personal, cultural, universal, and unrelated. It identifies seven aspects of nonverbal behavior: body movement, physical characteristics, touching behavior, vocal qualities (paralanguage), space (proximity), artifacts, and environment. The document emphasizes that nonverbal communication provides additional context to the verbal message and can reveal a sender's true feelings.
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The document discusses several key concepts in phonology:
1. Phonology is concerned with how sounds function and pattern in a language. It describes how speech sounds are organized and affect one another in pronunciation.
2. Phonemes are abstract mental representations of sounds, not the physical sounds themselves. Minimal pairs can be used to identify phonemes by finding words that differ in only one sound.
3. Allophones are different versions of the same underlying phoneme. They are non-contrastive and found in complementary distribution, occurring in different phonetic environments.
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Nonverbal communication conveys over 60% of messages and comes in many forms. It includes proxemics (personal space), haptics (touch), chronemics (time), kinesics (body language), artifacts (appearance), vocalics (paralanguage), and environment. Nonverbal behaviors can repeat, substitute, complement, accent, regulate, or contradict verbal communication. An understanding of nonverbal cues can improve our interactions and relationships with others.
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This document provides an overview and summary of Teun van Dijk's book "Discourse and Power". It discusses that the book defines critical discourse analysis and its aims to analyze how social power, dominance, and inequalities are reproduced through text and talk. It also examines discourse as both a product of social inequalities and as a tool that can legitimize dominance and power abuse. The document reviews key aspects of van Dijk's conceptual framework for analyzing the relationship between discourse and power.
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Conversation and preference structure
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This Presentation also includes the examples with the pictures.
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Communication involves sharing information between individuals. The word "communicate" comes from Latin roots meaning "to share" or "make common." Effective communication requires transmitting a message from a sender to a receiver using common symbols, with the goal of the receiver accurately understanding the message. There are several potential problems that can occur in communication relating to differences in conventions of meaning, perceptions of reality, and individual values and attitudes between the sender and receiver. To communicate effectively, the sender must consider these potential differences and choose words and present information in a way that accounts for different perspectives.
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Non Verbal Communication
- 1. Nonverbal Communication – SWAPNIL BHUTKAR{1124} – AMRUTA DESHMUKH{1125} – SNEHA DHURI{1126} – FIONA FERNANDES{127} – RUCHA GAIKAR{1128} – SHRADDHA GAWDE{1129} – ANUGRAH GARNAL{1130} – HIMANSHU GUPT{1131} – REESHIRAJ GUPTA{1132} – HUSSAIN HABIB{1133}
- 2. What is nonverbal communication? • “Oral and nonoral messages expressed by other than linguistic means.” • Messages transmitted by vocal means that do not involve language • Sign language and written words are not considered nonverbal communication
- 3. Nonverbal communication is powerful • 60% of all communication is nonverbal (Burgoon, Buller, & Woodall,1989)
- 4. There are 7 types of nonverbal behavior • Proxemics • Haptics • Chronemics • Kinesics • Artifacts • Vocalics or Paralanguage • Environment
- 5. PROXEMICS (distance) • Different cultures have different comfort levels of distance • As children grow older and become less dependent on parents they require more space • Men tend to take up more space than women Example: When you go to the movies with someone of the opposite sex who usually gets the armrest?
- 6. Edward T. Hall’s 4 levels of distance • Intimate: 0 to 18 inches • personal: 18 inches to 4 feet • social: 4 to 10 feet • public: 10 feet to infinity
- 7. HAPTICS (touch) The power of touch: • A (1997) study found that strangers that were touched were more likely to return change left in a phone booth(Klienke) • A (1992) study found that food servers who used touch received larger tips (Hornick) • Library study (1976) found that students who were slightly touched by clerk while checking out library books evaluated the library much more favorably than those who were not touched.
- 8. CHRONEMICS (time) How is time used to communicate? What does it mean to you when someone is always late? A study conducted by Burgoon (1989) found that people who arrive 15 minutes late are considered dynamic, but much less competent, composed and sociable than those that arrive on time.
- 9. KINESICS (behavior) • Facial expressions • Eye contact • Body language • Gestures • Physical appearance
- 10. ARTIFACTS (Dress, Belongings, etc.) • Material objects as an extension of oneself • Clothing has the power to influence • Change left in a phone booth was returned to well dressed people 77% of the time, poorly dressed people only 38% of the time • Several studies show that fancy suits, uniforms and high-status clothing are related to higher rates of compliance. • The situation governs appropriate dress
- 11. VOCALICS (Paralanguage) • Use of voice to communicate includes elements such as pitch, rate, pauses, volume, tone of voice, silences, laughs, screams, sighs, etc.
- 12. VOCALICS OR PARALANGUAGE • Studies have found that people who talk louder, faster, and more fluently are more persuasive • Deep voices are often viewed as more credible • Powerless style of communication (pauses, umhs, uhs, tag questions) lowers perceptions of credibility
- 13. ENVIRONMENT • What we surround ourselves with • Example: The way we decorate our house tells others a lot about us
- 14. Environment is often used to influence nonverbally • Several researchers have found that supermarkets strategically place products • Staples such as dairy, meat and produce are in the back or on opposite sides of the store, in order to force shoppers to meander through aisles where they’ll be tempted to buy all kinds of other products
- 15. ENVIRONMENT • Children’s products are usually placed on lower shelves where they can easily be viewed • Snack foods, which appeal to impulsive buyers are usually placed near check-out areas and at the end of isles where they are more likely to be snatched up (Field, 1996; Meyer, 1997: Tandingan, 2001)
- 16. In conclusion • A knowledge of the several factors involved with nonverbal communication, and an awareness of its power will improve our ability to communicate with others.