This document discusses night vision technology and its applications. It begins by explaining how night vision works using either image intensification or thermal imaging. Image intensification amplifies existing light using a cathode tube to generate more electrons and create a visible image. Thermal imaging detects infrared radiation emitted by all objects and translates it into a visible thermal image. Common night vision devices include scopes, goggles, and cameras. The document outlines applications for night vision in military, security, hunting, and wildlife observation due to its advantages of low cost and small size while enabling vision in dark environments. In conclusion, night vision has advanced significantly since its early military development and has become essential for combating terrorism.

1. By
M.ASWIN BALAJI
V.JULIYA PRINCY

2. contents
Introduction
Working of Technical Night Vision
Night Vision Devices
Applications
advantages
Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
 Night vision technology, literally allows one to see in the dark.
 It is originally developed for military use .
 Humans have poor night vision compared to many other
animals.
 With the proper night-vision equipment, we can see a person
standing over 200 yards (183 m) away on a moonless, cloudy
night.

4. WORKING OF TECHNICAL
NIGHT VISION
Technical Night Vision
 Image intensifier
 Thermal imaging
Image Intensifier
 Night vision amplifies light to achieve better vision .
 A conventional lens, captures ambient light.
 The gathered light is sent to the image-intensifier tube.
 The light energy released electron from the cathode and accelerated.

5.  These electrons enter micro channel plate and bounce off and generate
more electron.
 Thousands of other electrons to be released in each channel.
 Original electrons collide with the channel,exciting atoms and causing other
electrons.
 New electrons collide with other atoms, creating a chain.
 In image-intensifier tube, the electrons hit a screen.
 The energy of the electrons release photons and create green image on the
screen.
 The green phosphor image is viewed through another lens.

6. Image intensifier process

7. Thermal Imaging
 All objects emit infrared energy as a function of their temperature.
 A lens focuses the infrared light.
 The focused light is scanned and create temperature pattern.
 The pattern created is translated into electric impulses
 The impulses are sent to a circuit board that translates the
information into data for the display.

8.  The signal-processing unit sends the information to the is play, and appears
as various colors.
 Thermal images are black and white in nature.
Thermal imaging process

9.  This information is obtained from several thousand points in the field of
view of the detector array.
 The thermogram created by the detector elements is translated into electric
impulses.
 The impulses are sent to a signal-processing unit, a circuit board with a
dedicated chip that translates the information from the elements into data for
the display.
 The signal-processing unit sends the information to the display, where it
appears as various colors depending on the intensity of the infrared
emission.

10.  The combination of all the impulses from all of the elements
creates the image.
Day time night time
by using thermal image

11. NIGHT VISION DEVICES
Night vision devices are basically divided into three categories
 SCOPES
 They are monocular normally
handheld or mounted on a weapon.
 GOGGLES
 They are binocular and
worn on the head.
 CAMERAS
 Used for transmission or recording
of images mostly if the location is fixed.
Fig3:- Night vision
devices

12. APPLICATIONS
 Wildlife observation
 Security
 Hidden-object detection
 Military
 Hunting

13. ADVANTAGES
• The biggest advantage is it Just having the ability to see in the dark.
• The main advantages of image intensifiers as night vision devices are
their small size, light weight, low power requirements and low cost.

14. CONCLUSION
 Today in the 21st century we have come a long way in the development of
night vision technology, from the early 1940’s.
 Night vision devices are basically designed for utmost defensive purposes but
the application within the scientific or the civilian range is often prohibited
by law.
 In present scenario the applications of night vision technology is very
essential to combat terrorism which is a major problem being faced by
mankind.

15. THANK YOU