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1. NEXT GENERATION SYSTEM FOR REAL-TIME
MONITORING OF RAINFALL, SOIL MOISTURE, AND SOIL
TEMPERATURE
Abstract:
This paper presents work on environmental sensing networks that have been developing
over a number of years. The system consists of instrumentation that measures rainfall, soil
moisture, and soil temperature. Field instrumentation relays data via cellular modems to a central
server. Users can access the data through a web browser, and programmatic interfaces allow for
ingestion of the data into computational models for flood forecasting.
Existing system:
In the existing system we used wired connections to interface between sensor nodes with
internet. Even though offering a lot of convenience, our existing system has some drawbacks as
high cost, difficult maintenance, and more wired connections. So we will introduce a new system
which will have wireless GSM/GPRS technology.
Proposed system:
In this project, we are going to use three different sensors connected to the controller.
These sensors are: a dual tipping-bucket sensor for measuring rainfall, temperature sensors to
measure soil temperature, and soil moisture sensor to sense the moisture content of the soil. All
sensor output is connected with internal ADC of PIC microcontroller which converts analog
voltage into digital form. Those values are uploaded to internet using GSM/GPRS technology.
The owner can see the agriculture farm status using internet. And also GPS receiver is used to
receive the latitude, longitude of earth location.

2. BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Agriculture farm:
Power
supply
Dual tipping
bucket with
Rainfall sensor
LCD
PIC
Temperature
Sensor
Soil moisture
Sensor
GPS
Receiver
Hardware requirements:

PIC 16f877a

GSM/GPRS modem

LCD

GPS Receiver

Temperature sensor
16F877A
MAX232
GSM/GPRS
Modem

3. 
Soil moisture Sensor

Rainfall sensor

MAX 232

PC
Software Requirements:

Embedded C

CCS C Compiler

MPLAB IDE