3. When mass movement, such as
earthquake or landslide, suddenly
displaces a large amount of water
from its equilibrium state a
disastrous wave called a tsunami
can form.
Tsunami literally translates from
Japanese to “harbor wave” but are
often call tidal waves because
small, distant-source tsunamis
resemble tidal surges.
12. Humanitarian Impact：
Since many people hurt or die
in there. also, the sea water
made the infrastructure fell
down, and shortages of food
and drink water, Therefore,
they needed a great deal of
humanitarian aid.
13. Economic impact:
The impact on coastal fishing communities and
fisher folk , has been devastating with high losses
of income earners as their boats and fishing gear
In Sri Lanka's coastal areas. But some economists
believe that damage to the affected countries'
economies will be minor because losses in the
tourism and fishing industries are a relatively
small percentage of the GDP.
14. Environmental Impact：
Tsunami Inundation, North of Phuket, Thailand
ASTER Images and SRTM Elevation As many human
lives destroyed by the tsunami. It has caused the
environmental impact that will affect tin the
following years. It has been reported that severe
damage has been inflicted on ecosystems such as
mangroves, coral reefs, forests, coastal wetlands,
vegetation, sand dunes and rock formations, animal
and plant biodiversity and groundwater.
15. Spiritual /
psychological
impact
Many health professionals and aid workers are
reporting widespread psychological trauma
associated with the tsunami, and many sightings of
ghosts have been reported, particularly those of
foreigners. Traditional beliefs in many of the
affected regions state that a relative of the family
must bury the body of the dead or the ghost will
return.
16. IN YOUR OPINION WHAT PRECAUTIONS CAN BE
TAKEN TO REDUCE THE IMPACT OF TSUNAMI
18. ‧Evacuate people from the affected area and
provide emergency aid such as supplying
food,water,blanket, shelter and other basic
necessities to victims.
‧Send rescue teams to search for survivors,
especially in the rubble after an earthquake
and give immediate medical services to the
injured.
‧Carry out other relief work such as restoring
communication and transport , putting out fire
and providing medical services to prevent the
spread of disease.
19. LONG TERM MEASURES
Setting Earthquake prediction
and warning system
‧Improving modern technology
and construction regulations
‧Land use zoning
‧Education and emergency
plans
