The document provides information about simulating Vehicular Adhoc Networks (VANETS) using NetSim and SUMO. It discusses:
1. Key features of the NetSim VANET module including support for IEEE 802.11p, DSRC/WAVE protocols, routing protocols, RF propagation modeling, and interfacing with SUMO.
2. The steps to create a VANET scenario in NetSim including importing a SUMO configuration file, setting node/link/application properties, enabling traces, and running the simulation.
3. Details about the IEEE 802.11p protocol stack implementation in NetSim and how it works.
4. How to create custom road
VANET-based traffic monitoring and incident detection system: A review IJECEIAES
As a component of intelligent transport systems (ITS), vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), which is a subform of manet, has been identified. It is established on the roads based on available vehicles and supporting road infrastructure, such as base stations. An accident can be defined as any activity in the environment that may be harmful to human life or dangerous to human life. In terms of early detection, and broadcast delay. VANET has shown various problems. The available technologies for incident detection and the corresponding algorithms for processing. The present problem and challenges of incident detection in VANET technology are discussed in this paper. The paper also reviews the recently proposed methods for early incident techniques and studies them.
Challenging Issues in VANET Network and its Routing Algorithms-An Analysisidescitation
Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET), a rapidly
deployed wireless network, is a subclass of mobile ad hoc
networks (MANET) that uses multi-hop routing to provide
network connectivity among vehicles (V2V) or vehicle to road-
side equipments (V2R). VANETs have received increasing
research attention in recent years because of its vast
applications like safety, comfort and entertainment. Variations
with time in network topology impose new challenges for
routing protocols in such networks as traditional routing
protocols are not suitable for VANETs. This work is an attempt
to figure out the challenges in VANET comprehensively in
conjunction with the recommended routing protocols by
comparing the existing routing protocols with respect to
existing challenges.
VANET based Intelligent TransportationSystem using Li-Fi technologyIOSRJECE
VANET (Vehicular Ad-hoc Network) is a wireless network in vehicle for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS).In thispaper, we propose a mechanism toprevent accidents due to sleepiness and alcohol consumption of the driver. Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication is the most effective solutionwe have used in order to prevent accidents using the Li-Fi technology.
In vehicular ad hoc network (VANETs), the applications mainly focused on the road challenging subclass of Mobile Ad-hoc Network, which empowers smart transmission among vehicles and between vehicles and roadside frameworks. It is an optimistic methodology for the Intelligent Transport System (ITS). There are numerous difficulties to be tended while utilizing VANET. It is flexible and has a high dynamic topology and flexibility which makes the conventional MANET protocols unacceptable for VANET. Trust is a principal element which is used to create a trustful environment to improve the security in vehicular networks. Trust can be calculated by observing the human behavior which creates a trusted communicating environment. In this paper, we define the architecture of VANET, then the communication establishment and various challenges. Some trust models had been defined in this paper to enforce honest information sharing between communicating nodes. Trust establishment is compulsory among communicating vehicles to build a secure messages exchange and reliability.
Master thesis on Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET)Prof Ansari
The increasing demand for wireless devices and wireless communication tends to research on self-organizing, self-healing networks without the interference of any pre-established or centralized infrastructure/authority [2]. The networks with the absence of any pre-established or centralized authority are known as Ad hoc networks [4]. Ad hoc Networks are the kind of wireless networks that uses multi-hop radio relay.There are many comparative studies and surveys that compare various ad hoc routing in VANET environment. The simulations performed in these comparative studies are very basic do not incorporate with a large number of nodes in real Vehicular Ad hoc Network environment. The main aim of our dissertation work is to firstly investigate the reactive and proactive routeing protocols than examine the performance of selected reactive routing protocols i.e. Destination Sequence Distance Vector Routing (DSDV), Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR)by taking three performance metrics like network load, throughput and end-to-end delay with varying number of mobile nodes or vehicle node densityOPNET: Optimized Network Engineering Tool (OPNET) is a commercial network simulator environment used for simulations of both wired and wireless networks [20]. Several different OPNET versions have been released over the last few years; the latest version of OPNET is the OPNET 16.0. At present OPNET is licensed under Riverbed technologies. It allows the user to design and study the network communication devices, protocols, individual applications and also simulate the performance of routing protocol. It supports many wireless technologies and standards such as, IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15.1, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.20 and satellite networks. OPNET IT Guru Academic Edition is available for free to the academic research and teaching community.
Technical Review on Different Applications, Challenges and Security in VANETPallavi Agarwal
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) technology has turned out as a vital research field throughout the most recent couple of years. VANETs are the likely an impacting way to deal with giving security of driver and different applications for the activity conditions and additionally travelers. Being dynamic in nature, it created the network, according to the condition and requirement of the users and provides consistent communication between the vehicles. Due to its excessive advantages, it is highly susceptible to numerous attacks and security in VANET should be taken into consideration. This paper presented the security issues such as authenticity, integrity, availability, confidentiality, anonymity and non-repudiation to provide the secure communication between Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I). Numerous research works have been done to recover the performance and security of this network. The fundamental point of this paper is the several security challenges and the applications of VANETs.
This thesis presents a new dynamic and adaptive G-AODV routing protocol for VANETs inspired by the genetic algorithm in combination with network delay analysis. Genetic Algorithms have been thoroughly investigated in the past for problems such as the Travelling Salesman problem and even the routing problem in communication networks.
• The proposed G-AODV is compared with another ad hoc routing protocol such as Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) by evaluating the throughput, End-to-End delay. ThesisScientist.com
Multi agent based Framework for Traffic monitoring in VANETEditor IJCATR
For last many years studies have been carried out to inculcate technical advancement in the field of VANET traffic
monitoring systems. Rapidly growing population and number of vehicles have increased the probability of network congestion, traffic
jams and road accidents. To overcome these hazardous situations, series of technologies have been implemented on vehicle
infrastructure in recent years. Vehicles are equipped with intelligent on board equipments and communication is facilitated between
vehicle and roadside units to enhance road safety. In this paper multi agent base framework is proposed to increase coordination and
synchronization among vehicles in VANETs
VANET-based traffic monitoring and incident detection system: A review IJECEIAES
As a component of intelligent transport systems (ITS), vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), which is a subform of manet, has been identified. It is established on the roads based on available vehicles and supporting road infrastructure, such as base stations. An accident can be defined as any activity in the environment that may be harmful to human life or dangerous to human life. In terms of early detection, and broadcast delay. VANET has shown various problems. The available technologies for incident detection and the corresponding algorithms for processing. The present problem and challenges of incident detection in VANET technology are discussed in this paper. The paper also reviews the recently proposed methods for early incident techniques and studies them.
Challenging Issues in VANET Network and its Routing Algorithms-An Analysisidescitation
Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET), a rapidly
deployed wireless network, is a subclass of mobile ad hoc
networks (MANET) that uses multi-hop routing to provide
network connectivity among vehicles (V2V) or vehicle to road-
side equipments (V2R). VANETs have received increasing
research attention in recent years because of its vast
applications like safety, comfort and entertainment. Variations
with time in network topology impose new challenges for
routing protocols in such networks as traditional routing
protocols are not suitable for VANETs. This work is an attempt
to figure out the challenges in VANET comprehensively in
conjunction with the recommended routing protocols by
comparing the existing routing protocols with respect to
existing challenges.
VANET based Intelligent TransportationSystem using Li-Fi technologyIOSRJECE
VANET (Vehicular Ad-hoc Network) is a wireless network in vehicle for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS).In thispaper, we propose a mechanism toprevent accidents due to sleepiness and alcohol consumption of the driver. Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication is the most effective solutionwe have used in order to prevent accidents using the Li-Fi technology.
In vehicular ad hoc network (VANETs), the applications mainly focused on the road challenging subclass of Mobile Ad-hoc Network, which empowers smart transmission among vehicles and between vehicles and roadside frameworks. It is an optimistic methodology for the Intelligent Transport System (ITS). There are numerous difficulties to be tended while utilizing VANET. It is flexible and has a high dynamic topology and flexibility which makes the conventional MANET protocols unacceptable for VANET. Trust is a principal element which is used to create a trustful environment to improve the security in vehicular networks. Trust can be calculated by observing the human behavior which creates a trusted communicating environment. In this paper, we define the architecture of VANET, then the communication establishment and various challenges. Some trust models had been defined in this paper to enforce honest information sharing between communicating nodes. Trust establishment is compulsory among communicating vehicles to build a secure messages exchange and reliability.
Master thesis on Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET)Prof Ansari
The increasing demand for wireless devices and wireless communication tends to research on self-organizing, self-healing networks without the interference of any pre-established or centralized infrastructure/authority [2]. The networks with the absence of any pre-established or centralized authority are known as Ad hoc networks [4]. Ad hoc Networks are the kind of wireless networks that uses multi-hop radio relay.There are many comparative studies and surveys that compare various ad hoc routing in VANET environment. The simulations performed in these comparative studies are very basic do not incorporate with a large number of nodes in real Vehicular Ad hoc Network environment. The main aim of our dissertation work is to firstly investigate the reactive and proactive routeing protocols than examine the performance of selected reactive routing protocols i.e. Destination Sequence Distance Vector Routing (DSDV), Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR)by taking three performance metrics like network load, throughput and end-to-end delay with varying number of mobile nodes or vehicle node densityOPNET: Optimized Network Engineering Tool (OPNET) is a commercial network simulator environment used for simulations of both wired and wireless networks [20]. Several different OPNET versions have been released over the last few years; the latest version of OPNET is the OPNET 16.0. At present OPNET is licensed under Riverbed technologies. It allows the user to design and study the network communication devices, protocols, individual applications and also simulate the performance of routing protocol. It supports many wireless technologies and standards such as, IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15.1, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.20 and satellite networks. OPNET IT Guru Academic Edition is available for free to the academic research and teaching community.
Technical Review on Different Applications, Challenges and Security in VANETPallavi Agarwal
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) technology has turned out as a vital research field throughout the most recent couple of years. VANETs are the likely an impacting way to deal with giving security of driver and different applications for the activity conditions and additionally travelers. Being dynamic in nature, it created the network, according to the condition and requirement of the users and provides consistent communication between the vehicles. Due to its excessive advantages, it is highly susceptible to numerous attacks and security in VANET should be taken into consideration. This paper presented the security issues such as authenticity, integrity, availability, confidentiality, anonymity and non-repudiation to provide the secure communication between Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I). Numerous research works have been done to recover the performance and security of this network. The fundamental point of this paper is the several security challenges and the applications of VANETs.
This thesis presents a new dynamic and adaptive G-AODV routing protocol for VANETs inspired by the genetic algorithm in combination with network delay analysis. Genetic Algorithms have been thoroughly investigated in the past for problems such as the Travelling Salesman problem and even the routing problem in communication networks.
• The proposed G-AODV is compared with another ad hoc routing protocol such as Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) by evaluating the throughput, End-to-End delay. ThesisScientist.com
Multi agent based Framework for Traffic monitoring in VANETEditor IJCATR
For last many years studies have been carried out to inculcate technical advancement in the field of VANET traffic
monitoring systems. Rapidly growing population and number of vehicles have increased the probability of network congestion, traffic
jams and road accidents. To overcome these hazardous situations, series of technologies have been implemented on vehicle
infrastructure in recent years. Vehicles are equipped with intelligent on board equipments and communication is facilitated between
vehicle and roadside units to enhance road safety. In this paper multi agent base framework is proposed to increase coordination and
synchronization among vehicles in VANETs
vehicular Ad-Hoc Network:
this report contains a brief description on the VANET which can be considered as an application of MANET...
The report contains a basic overview, ITS, and routing algorithms.
This PowerPoint covers VANET in general and illustrates its Components, standards, applications,Types of communications
Fleet Management Systems, Routing protocols, Challenges, and the deployment of VANET in Real Scenarios
Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is the favorable method to enhance the safety of divers and passengers. It becomes a basic element of the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). It has created by applying the concepts of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) – which is an application of a wireless network for exchanging the data – to the domain of vehicles. They become a main element of intelligent transportation systems. In existing technique drawback is the Authentication Server (AS) gives all the working to Law Executor (LE) means AS send information to RSU, RSU send this information to law executor and then login process start but if LE behave maliciously then this authentication process fail. In our propose work, we calculate the trust of each vehicle's on the basis of their behavior. Each vehicle calculates the trust of its neighbor and send this value to AS by RSU then AS update these values and then broadcast this value by RSU, now all the vehicles have a trust value of its neighboring vehicles so that send the data by using hashing technique and use trusted path to send data source to a destination so that security enhances.
Intelligent traffic regulation system for roads using car two way communicationeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Performance evaluation for vehicular ad-hoc networks based routing protocolsjournalBEEI
VANET is a branch of MANETS, where each vehicle is a node, and a wireless router will run. The vehicles are similar to each other will interact with a wide range of nodes or vehicles and establish a network. VANETs provide us with the infrastructure to build new solutions for improving safety and comfort for drivers and passengers. There are several routing protocols proposed and evaluated for improving VANET's performance. The simulator is preferred over external experience because it is easy, simple, and inexpensive. In this paper, we choose AODV protocol, DSDV protocol, and DSR protocol with five different nodes density. For each protocol, as regards specific parameters like (throughput, packet delivery ratio, and end- to- end delay). On simulators that allow users to build real-time navigation models of simulations using VANET. Tools (SUMO, MOVE, and NS-2) were used for this paper, then graphs were plotted for evaluation using Trace-graph. The results showed the DSR is much higher than AODV and DSDV, In terms of throughput. While DSDV is the best choice because of the low average end to end delay. From the above, we conclude that each strategy has its own negative and positive aspects that make it ideally suited to a particular scenario than other scenarios.
Abstract: Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs), a subclass of mobile ad hoc network (MANET), is a
promising approach for the intelligent transport system (ITS). VANET allows vehicles to form a self-organized
network without the need for a permanent infrastructure. As the VANET has a potential in improving road
safety, real time traffic update and other travel comforts, it turns attention of the researcher. Though VANET
and MANET shares some common characteristics like self-organized network, dynamic topology, ad hoc nature
etc, VANET differs from MANET by challenges, application, architecture, power constraint and mobility
patterns, so routing protocols used in MANET are not applicable with VANET. New routing strategy for VANET
has been proposed by many researchers in recent year. This paper provides focus on the various aspects of
VANET like architecture, characteristic, challenges, glimpse of routing protocols, and simulation models used
for VANET.
Keywords: Vehicular Ad hoc Networks; routing; position based routing; characteristics; transmission strategies
Automatic control systems related to safety in autonomous carsMRUGENDRASHILVANT
Various technologies used in the Safety of the Autonomous vehicles are discussed. These techniques are explained with the help of various simple examples.
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: Growth and Survey for Three Layers Yayah Zakaria
A vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a mobile ad hoc network that allows wireless communication between vehicles, as well as between vehicles and roadside equipment. Communication between vehicles promotes safety and reliability, and can be a source of entertainment. We investigated the historical development, characteristics, and application fields of VANET and briefly introduced them in this study. Advantages and disadvantages were discussed based on our analysis and comparison of various classes of MAC and routing protocols applied to VANET. Ideas and breakthrough directions for inter-vehicle communication designs were proposed based on the
characteristics of VANET. This article also illustrates physical, MAC, and network layer in details which represent the three layers of VANET. The main works of the active research institute on VANET were introduced to help researchers track related advanced research achievements on the subject.
Intelligent Collision avoidance and monitoring system for railway using wirel...Editor IJMTER
In the current railway systems, it is becoming ever more necessary to have safety
elements in order to avoid accidents. One of the important causes that can provoke serious accidents
is the existence of obstacles on the tracks, either fixed or mobile. This project deals about one of the
efficient methods to avoid train collision and obstacle detection. A GPS system is being used to
pinpoint the location of faults on tracks. The project presents a solution, to provide an intelligent
train tracking and management system to improve the existing railway transport service. The solution
is based on powerful combination of mobile computing, Global System for Mobile Communication
(GSM), Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies and software. The inbuilt GPS module
identifies the train location with a highest accuracy and transfers the information to the central
system. The availability of the information allows the train Controller to take accurate decisions as
for the train location. Positioning data along with train speed helps the central system to identify the
possible safety issues and react to them effectively using the communication methods provided by
the system.
NetSim MANETs component can be interfaced with
Component 6 (IOT) module to run 802.15.4 in MAC/PHY
Component 9 (VANETs) module to run IEEE 1609 WAVE in MAC/PHY
Military Radio Add on to run TDMA/DTDMA in MAC/PHY
In NetSim, you can simulate and analyze the following cellular netwoks: (Global System for Mobile communication) GSM and Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
vehicular Ad-Hoc Network:
this report contains a brief description on the VANET which can be considered as an application of MANET...
The report contains a basic overview, ITS, and routing algorithms.
This PowerPoint covers VANET in general and illustrates its Components, standards, applications,Types of communications
Fleet Management Systems, Routing protocols, Challenges, and the deployment of VANET in Real Scenarios
Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is the favorable method to enhance the safety of divers and passengers. It becomes a basic element of the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). It has created by applying the concepts of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) – which is an application of a wireless network for exchanging the data – to the domain of vehicles. They become a main element of intelligent transportation systems. In existing technique drawback is the Authentication Server (AS) gives all the working to Law Executor (LE) means AS send information to RSU, RSU send this information to law executor and then login process start but if LE behave maliciously then this authentication process fail. In our propose work, we calculate the trust of each vehicle's on the basis of their behavior. Each vehicle calculates the trust of its neighbor and send this value to AS by RSU then AS update these values and then broadcast this value by RSU, now all the vehicles have a trust value of its neighboring vehicles so that send the data by using hashing technique and use trusted path to send data source to a destination so that security enhances.
Intelligent traffic regulation system for roads using car two way communicationeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Performance evaluation for vehicular ad-hoc networks based routing protocolsjournalBEEI
VANET is a branch of MANETS, where each vehicle is a node, and a wireless router will run. The vehicles are similar to each other will interact with a wide range of nodes or vehicles and establish a network. VANETs provide us with the infrastructure to build new solutions for improving safety and comfort for drivers and passengers. There are several routing protocols proposed and evaluated for improving VANET's performance. The simulator is preferred over external experience because it is easy, simple, and inexpensive. In this paper, we choose AODV protocol, DSDV protocol, and DSR protocol with five different nodes density. For each protocol, as regards specific parameters like (throughput, packet delivery ratio, and end- to- end delay). On simulators that allow users to build real-time navigation models of simulations using VANET. Tools (SUMO, MOVE, and NS-2) were used for this paper, then graphs were plotted for evaluation using Trace-graph. The results showed the DSR is much higher than AODV and DSDV, In terms of throughput. While DSDV is the best choice because of the low average end to end delay. From the above, we conclude that each strategy has its own negative and positive aspects that make it ideally suited to a particular scenario than other scenarios.
Abstract: Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs), a subclass of mobile ad hoc network (MANET), is a
promising approach for the intelligent transport system (ITS). VANET allows vehicles to form a self-organized
network without the need for a permanent infrastructure. As the VANET has a potential in improving road
safety, real time traffic update and other travel comforts, it turns attention of the researcher. Though VANET
and MANET shares some common characteristics like self-organized network, dynamic topology, ad hoc nature
etc, VANET differs from MANET by challenges, application, architecture, power constraint and mobility
patterns, so routing protocols used in MANET are not applicable with VANET. New routing strategy for VANET
has been proposed by many researchers in recent year. This paper provides focus on the various aspects of
VANET like architecture, characteristic, challenges, glimpse of routing protocols, and simulation models used
for VANET.
Keywords: Vehicular Ad hoc Networks; routing; position based routing; characteristics; transmission strategies
Automatic control systems related to safety in autonomous carsMRUGENDRASHILVANT
Various technologies used in the Safety of the Autonomous vehicles are discussed. These techniques are explained with the help of various simple examples.
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: Growth and Survey for Three Layers Yayah Zakaria
A vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a mobile ad hoc network that allows wireless communication between vehicles, as well as between vehicles and roadside equipment. Communication between vehicles promotes safety and reliability, and can be a source of entertainment. We investigated the historical development, characteristics, and application fields of VANET and briefly introduced them in this study. Advantages and disadvantages were discussed based on our analysis and comparison of various classes of MAC and routing protocols applied to VANET. Ideas and breakthrough directions for inter-vehicle communication designs were proposed based on the
characteristics of VANET. This article also illustrates physical, MAC, and network layer in details which represent the three layers of VANET. The main works of the active research institute on VANET were introduced to help researchers track related advanced research achievements on the subject.
Intelligent Collision avoidance and monitoring system for railway using wirel...Editor IJMTER
In the current railway systems, it is becoming ever more necessary to have safety
elements in order to avoid accidents. One of the important causes that can provoke serious accidents
is the existence of obstacles on the tracks, either fixed or mobile. This project deals about one of the
efficient methods to avoid train collision and obstacle detection. A GPS system is being used to
pinpoint the location of faults on tracks. The project presents a solution, to provide an intelligent
train tracking and management system to improve the existing railway transport service. The solution
is based on powerful combination of mobile computing, Global System for Mobile Communication
(GSM), Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies and software. The inbuilt GPS module
identifies the train location with a highest accuracy and transfers the information to the central
system. The availability of the information allows the train Controller to take accurate decisions as
for the train location. Positioning data along with train speed helps the central system to identify the
possible safety issues and react to them effectively using the communication methods provided by
the system.
NetSim MANETs component can be interfaced with
Component 6 (IOT) module to run 802.15.4 in MAC/PHY
Component 9 (VANETs) module to run IEEE 1609 WAVE in MAC/PHY
Military Radio Add on to run TDMA/DTDMA in MAC/PHY
In NetSim, you can simulate and analyze the following cellular netwoks: (Global System for Mobile communication) GSM and Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
NetSim Technology Library - Software defined networksVishal Sharma
Software Defined Networking (SDN) module is featured from NetSim v11 onwards. This
module features an SDN controller which can be used to control packet forwarding of all Layer
3 devices in the Network.
Internet of Things (IoT) is an ecosystem of connected physical objects that are accessible
through the internet. It is the network of physical objects that can communicate, sense or
interact with their internal states or the external environment.
Cognitive Radio Network simulation is available from v7 of NetSim. Cognitive Radio Networks
allows you to connect, if required, with Ethernet, Wireless LAN, IP Routing, TCP / UDP and
allows users to log packet and event traces.
NetSim Technology Library- Military radio-tdma-and-dtdmaVishal Sharma
NetSim Military Radio module features:
1. L3 - MANET Routing covering DSR, AODV, OLSR, ZRP
2. MAC – TDMA based on Link 16, and DTDMA with Slot planner
3. PHY
a. TDMA, DTDMA.
b. Freqyency Hopping
c. Bands: HF, VHF, UHF.
d. A wide range of propagation models covering pathloss, fading and shadowing
An internetwork is a collection of two or more computer networks (typically Local Area
Networks or LANs) which are interconnected to form a bigger network. All networks in an
Internetwork have a unique network address. Routers interconnect the networks
In this paper, a solution about the design of remote video monitoring system based on Arm-Linux platform and http protocol is introduced. And the embedded system, video capture, motion detection, short message service (SMS) alarm, and client video monitor are introduced. Video 4 Linux is used to get the camera video data, which is transferred to the Web Server, and the data is displayed on the client browser. The system can also be connected with mobile phones, using SMS to control alarm equipment. The system can be applied all kinds of video surveillance systems. Compared with video capture system based on digital signal processor (DSP), this system has the advantages of fewer modules, lower cost, higher intelligence, higher system stability, and higher security.
Using the Flyport Wi-Fi embedded webserver, the user can anytime control the hardware I/O status and change the Wi-Fi network parameters.
http://openpicus.blogspot.com/2012/02/flyport-wi-fi-webserver-with-wi-fi.html
NetSim Long Term Evolution (LTE) Networks library includes LTE/LTE-A networks, LTE
Femto Cell, LTE D2D and LTE VANET. The LTE libraray allows you to connect, if required,
with Internetwork devices such as Routers, Switches etc running Ethernet, Wireless LAN, IP
Routing, TCP / UDP.
This presentation from PrismTech's Spectra SDR CTO, Dr Vince Kovarik, describes the current work being performed by the Wireless Innovation Forum’s Integrated Communications Systems Model (ICSM) project.
Slides presented at the FlexTiles Workshop at FPL'2014.
Presentation #5:FlexTiles Simulation Platform
FlexTiles is a heterogeneous many-core platform reconfigurable at run-time developed within an FP7 project.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Assuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyes
NetSim VANET User Manual
1. Ver 11.1 1
Vehicular Adhoc Networks (VANETs)
Contents
1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................2
2 Simulation GUI......................................................................................................................2
2.1 Create Scenario..........................................................................................................................2
2.2 Set Node, Link and Application Properties................................................................................4
2.3 Enable Packet Trace, Event Trace & Plots (Optional)................................................................6
2.4 Run Simulation...........................................................................................................................6
3 Model Features.....................................................................................................................8
3.1 IEEE802.11p DSRC/WAVE Protocol Stack..................................................................................8
3.2 Implementation of 802.11p protocol in NetSim .......................................................................8
3.3 NetSim – SUMO interfacing for VANETs (only in Standard/Pro versions)...............................10
3.4 How to create your own network using SUMO and run through NetSim...............................10
3.4.1 Using SUMO NetEdit utility and randomtrips.py to configure road traffic models:
11
3.4.2 Creating your own network in SUMO manually:....................................................18
4 Featured Examples..............................................................................................................20
4.1 CCH Time Interval....................................................................................................................20
5 Reference Documents .........................................................................................................22
6 Latest FAQs.........................................................................................................................22
2. Ver 11.1 2
1 Introduction
Note: NetSim VANET component is available only in standard and pro version
NetSim VANET library supports the following protocols
IEEE 802.11p, IEEE 1609 WAVE
Layer 3 Routing – AODV, DSR, OLSR, ZRP
PHY Layer RF Propagation
o Pathloss
o Shadowing
o Fading
Source C Code
Automatic import of road network and vehicles from SUMO
Wide range of output metrics including Delay, Throughput, Error, Retransmission,
etc.
Interfacing between SUMO & NetSim via Traffic control interface (TraCI).
Source C Code:
Source code related to interfacing of SUMO and NetSim is available in
Sumo_interface.c file inside mobility folder/project.
NetSim VANET library runs MANET routing protocols in Layer 3. These are AODV,
DSR, OLSR, and ZRP.
The following dlls are executed when VANET simulations run:
o libMobility.dll
o libAODV.dll (or) libDSR.dll (or) libZRP.dll
o libIEEE802.11.dll
IEEE 1609
DSRC – J2735
2 Simulation GUI
2.1 Create Scenario
In the NetSim Home Screen Main menu select New Simulation VANET
3. Ver 11.1 3
A dialogue box appears as shown below, in that browse the Sumo Configuration File
path. The general format of such file is “*.Sumo.cfg”.
NetSim VANET module is designed to interface directly with SUMO.
A SUMO configuration file is required as an input to NetSim.
Sample SUMO configuration files are available inside “<NetSim Installation
directory>DocsSample_ConfigurationVANET” folder.
If users wish to run VANET without interfacing with SUMO then they can do so via
New Simulation Mobile Adhoc networks Single MANET.
Users can either use a Sumo configuration file which is provided inside NetSim’s
installation directory or use a different user specified SUMO configuration file. This
.cfg file contains the path of NETWORK file and VEHICLES file.
4. Ver 11.1 4
Further help on how to create SUMO configuration files is available at
http://sumo.dlr.de/wiki/Networks/Building_Networks_from_own_XML-
descriptions.
After selecting the Sumo configuration file name, the scenario is opened, with nodes placed
at their respective starting positions (tracked form Sumo). Roads and Traffic Lights are also
placed exactly as present in SUMO Configuration file.
2.2 Set Node, Link and Application Properties
Right click on the appropriate node or link and select Properties. Then modify the
parameters according to the requirements.
Routing Protocol in Network Layer and all user editable properties in Data Link Layer,
Physical Layer and Power are Global.
In the Global properties, Mobility Model is set to SUMO and it is non-Editable. This
signifies that the Node movements will be traced from SUMO.
File name gives the path to Sumo Configuration file that was given by the user.
Step Size is taken from the Sumo Configuration file specified which tells the amount
of time paused in sumo corresponding to single step of SUMO Simulation.
In interface_wireless properties, under Physical layer, by default Standard is set to
IEEE 802.11p in case of VANET.
The following are the important properties of VANET in Data link and Physical layers.
5. Ver 11.1 5
Click on the Application icon present on the ribbon and set properties.Multiple
applications can be generated by using add button in Application properties.
6. Ver 11.1 6
Set the values according to requirement and click OK.
Detailed information on Application properties is available in section 5 of NetSim User
Manual.
2.3 Enable Packet Trace, Event Trace & Plots (Optional)
Click Packet Trace / Event Trace icon in the tool bar and check Enable Packet Trace / Event
Trace check box and click OK. To get detailed help, please refer sections 7.5 and 7.6 in User
Manual. Select Plots icon for enabling Plots and click OK.
2.4 Run Simulation
Click on Run Simulation icon on the top toolbar.Simulation Time is set from the Configuration
File of Sumo. The simulation has three options
Record animation - which runs Sumo in background. Users can view animation
after completion of Simulation.
7. Ver 11.1 7
Play & Record animation – Opens NetSim GUI and Sumo GUI in parallel with
parameters being continuously passed between the two Simulators.
Don’t play/record animation – runs Sumo in Backend. Animation is not recorded.
On running the Simulation by selecting Play & Record option, users can view NetSim Packet
animation and SUMO simulation simultaneously.
SUMO determines the positions of vehicles with respect to time as per the road conditions.
NetSim reads the coordinates of vehicles from SUMO (through pipe) during runtime and uses
it as input for vehicles mobility.
Users can see the movement of vehicles in SUMO and observe equivalent movement in
NetSim. Here users can notice an inversion of nodes in the GUI, since origin (0, 0) in SUMO
is at the left bottom, while origin is at the left-top in NetSim.
8. Ver 11.1 8
When users select Play and Record animation option, NetSim and SUMO run separately
and users will find that the animation in SUMO is much faster than that of NetSim. This is
because, NetSim has to animate the flow of packets between the vehicles in addition to the
vehicle movement.
3 Model Features
3.1 IEEE802.11p DSRC/WAVE Protocol Stack
It consists of IEEE 1609 standard and IEEE 802.11p standard. 802.11p standard defines PHY
and MAC layers while upper layers are defined by IEEE1609.
Following are the functions performed by each of the layers in IEEE 802.11p protocol
stack:
IEEE 1609-2 defines security services for application messages and management
messages in WAVE.
IEEE 1609-3 defines connection set up and management of WAVE compliant
devices.
IEEE 1609-4 sits on top of 802.11p layers. It enables upper layer operational aspects
across multiple channels without knowledge of Physical layer parameters.
IEEE 802.11p PHY layer takes care of modulation/demodulation, error correction
technique etc. Physical layer has been changed. It supports 10 MHz bandwidth,
improved performance in WAVE compliant receiver and improvement in the power
transmission mask.
IEEE 802.11p MAC layer takes care of messages to establish and maintain
connection in harse vehicular environment. It also defines signalling techniques and
interface functions. Stations communicate directly without need to communicate or
join with BSS in 802.11p.
3.2 Implementation of 802.11p protocol in NetSim
802.11p protocol stack covering physical layer and mac layer
802.11p is also known as WAVE or DSRC
FCC has allocated spectrum having 75 MHz bandwidth from 5850 to 5925 MHz for
vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure communication.
9. Ver 11.1 9
Supports bandwidth of 10 MHz instead of 20MHz used in 802.11a.
It supports half of the bit rates as compare to 802.11a i.e. 3/4.5/6/9/12/18/24/27 Mbps
Transmission type - OFDM
Slot time - 9µs
SIFS - 16µs
There are two types of channels in DSRC: CCH and SCH
Control channel (CCH): A single radio channel, not a service channel, intended for
the exchange of management information, including Wireless Access in Vehicular
Environments (WAVE), Service Advertisements, and WAVE Short Messages.
Service channel (SCH): Any channel that is not the control channel, intended for
management frames and higher layer information exchanges (Wireless Access in
Vehicular Environments [WAVE] Short Message [WSMs].
Guard interval: A time interval at the start of each control channel (CCH) interval
and service channel (SCH) interval during which devices that are switching channels
do not transmit.
BSM Application:
DSRC protocol runs with BSM (Basic Safety Message) applications
BSM is a broadcast packet transmitted regularly at a regular interval, and it can
be classified as a beacon style transmission.
Broadcast packet is a packet destined for all nodes (vehicles) to receive, a
beacon is a continuous broadcast.
The BSM Application class sends and receives the IEEE 1609 WAVE
(Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments) Basic Safety Messages (BSMs).
The BSM is a 20-byte packet that is generally broadcast from every vehicle at
a nominal rate of 10 Hz.
Working of 802.11p protocol:
IEEE 802.11p uses a Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol based on the Carrier
Sense Multiple Access protocol with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA).
This means that when a node wants to send a message, the channel has to be idle
for a duration of SIFS. If the channel is idle it starts transmission.
When it finds the channel busy, it chooses a random backoff time from the interval
[0, CW] and transmits only when the backoff timer has elapsed.
The variable CW represents the size of the Contention Window.
10. Ver 11.1 10
When the SCH is used and a node does not receive an acknowledgement for a
message, it concludes that the message has collided and is lost, so the value of CW
is doubled and it will retry transmission.
In the CCH however, beacons are broadcast in the channel and no
acknowledgments are sent. This means that the value of CW is never doubled in the
CCH.
3.3 NetSim – SUMO interfacing for VANETs (only in Standard/Pro
versions)
NetSim’s VANET module allows users to interface with SUMO which is an open
source road traffic simulation package designed to handle vehicular & road networks.
The road traffic simulation is done by SUMO while NetSim does the network
simulation along with RF propagation modelling in the physical layer.
While SUMO Simulates the road traffic conditions and movements, NetSim
Simulates the communication occurring between the Vehicles.
NetSim and SUMO are interfaced using ‘pipes’. A pipe is a section of shared memory
that processes use for communication. SUMO process writes information to pipe,
then NetSim process reads the information from pipe.
On running the Simulation, SUMO determines the positions of vehicles with respect
to time as per the road conditions. NetSim reads the coordinates of vehicles from
SUMO (through pipes) in runtime and uses it as input for vehicles mobility.
Users will notice an inversion along X axis in the NetSim GUI, since origin (0, 0) in
SUMO is at the left bottom, while origin is at the left-top in NetSim.
VANET operates in wireless environment and hence RF channel loss occurs. The
amount of loss can be configured by users. To modify the Wireless channel
characteristics users can right click on the grid environment and modify the channel
characteristics as per the requirement.
3.4 How to create your own network using SUMO and run through
NetSim
A SUMO network can be created either manually or using SUMO NetEdit.
11. Ver 11.1 11
3.4.1 Using SUMO NetEdit utility and randomtrips.py to configure road
traffic models:
Netedit is a Road network editor for the road traffic simulation in SUMO. Using this utility users
can quickly design road networks and obtain Network xml file which is part of SUMO
configuration.
Steps to create a simple SUMO network using netedit utility:
Step 1: Open netedit from <SUMO_INSTALL_DIRECTORY>/bin (C:sumo-0.32.0bin) and
select File-->New Network
Refer SUMO Documenation: "http://sumo.dlr.de/wiki/NETEDIT” for more details on modes of
operation
Step 2: Select Creating junction and edges option as shown below or click on character "e" in
the keyboard.
Step 3: Enable the check boxes "chain”, "two-way" and “Grid” which are present in the right
side corner
12. Ver 11.1 12
Step 4: Adjust the design area to ensure that the road network lies in the Positive XY
quadrant. This will help in avoiding complexities when opening the network scenario in
NetSim.
Step 5: Click on grid area to create edges, clicking again will create a new edge which will
automatically get connected to the previous edge as shown below
Create Junction and Edges
13. Ver 11.1 13
Step 6: Select "(t) Traffic Lights". Select the junctions and click on Create TLS button on the
left to add Traffic Signal to it.
Step 7: Select "(c) Connect" icon Select the lanes and ensure connectivity between them.
14. Ver 11.1 14
Step 8: Create a new folder and save the network file (*.net.xml) over there, say with a
name network.net.xml
Step 9: Open command prompt with the current working directory as the folder where you
have saved the network file in the previous step.
Step 10: Using randomtrips.py utility present in <SUMO_INSTALL_DIRECTORY>/tools
directory create trips file with the command
COMMAND SYNTAX >"C:sumo-0.32.0toolsrandomTrips.py" -n " *.net.xml" -e
<NO_OF_TRIPS> --route-file "trips.xml"
Example Command >"C:sumo-0.32.0toolsrandomTrips.py" -n "network.net.xml" -e 2
--route-file "trips.xml"
15. Ver 11.1 15
This will create a trips file in your folder along with associated files.
Step 11: Create a SUMO configuration file (*sumo.cfg) which points to the network and trips
file, in your folder which contains the network and route file.
Refer: http://sumo.dlr.de/wiki/Tutorials/Hello_Sumo
Include parameter (To Run in NetSim)
“<step-length value="0.4"/>"
Following is a sample SUMO Configuration:
<configuration>
<input>
<net-file value="network.net.xml"/>
<route-files value="trips.trips.xml"/>
</input>
<time>
<begin value="0"/>
<end value="100"/>
<step-length value="0.4"/>
</time>
</configuration>
Note: Save above content as Configuration.sumo.cfg
You can copy the above contents to create a SUMO configuration file in your folder.
16. Ver 11.1 16
Step 12: Open Configuration.sumo.cfg by double clicking or open SUMO using sumo-
gui.exe present in <SUMO_INSTALL_DIRECTORY>/bin. Open scenario in SUMO
using Open->Simulation and verify whether the network loads and simulation happens as
per the configuration done.
Step 13: Open the SUMO scenario via NetSim VANET by selecting VANET under the New
option in the NetSim Home Screen. Browse and locate the SUMO Configuration file present
in your directory to load the road traffic network in NetSim GUI. The road network created in
SUMO will be automatically replicated in NetSim GUI environment.
17. Ver 11.1 17
Step 14: Configure traffic between vehicles using the Application icon, enable trace files
And plots
Step 15: Click on Run Simulation button. It is preferable to specify the simulation time less
than or equal to the end timespecified in sumo configuration (sumo.cfg) file.
18. Ver 11.1 18
3.4.2 Creating your own network in SUMO manually:
Step 1: Create a node file using any code editor (like notepad, notepad++ etc) and the file
extension will be .nod.xml. It represents the junctions in the road. Each of these attributes has
a certain meaning and value range: node_id means unique name of each junction, x-y is the
positions of node and type can be "priority", "traffic_light", "rail_crossing", “rail_
signal”etc.(Refer: https://sumo.dlr.de/wiki/Networks/PlainXML#Node_Descriptions).
Step 2: Create an edge file that describes how the junctions or nodes are connected to each
other. The extension of this file is .edg.xml. Each edge is unidirectional and starts at the
"from"-node and ends at the "to"-node. For each edge, some further attributes should be
supplied, being the number of lanes the edge has (numLanes), the maximum speed allowed
on the edge speed. Furthermore, the priority may be defined optionally. (Refer:
https://sumo.dlr.de/wiki/Networks/PlainXML#Edge_Descriptions).
Step 3: Open Command Prompt and change the directory to the binary folder of sumo using
cd command. “cd C: sumo-0.32.0bin”
19. Ver 11.1 19
Step 4: Generate Network file by using NETCONVERT command. Make a folder named like
VANET_Example and place the .nod.xml and .edg.xml files i.e. NODES.nod.xml and
EDGE.edg.xml respectively.
netconvert --n “<path where the .nod.xml file is present><filename>.nod.xml” --e “<path where
the .edg.xml file is present><filename>.edg.xml” --o “<path where both input files are
present><filename>.net.xml”
Step 5: Create a .rou.xml file that describes the direction of the vehicle’s movement.
20. Ver 11.1 20
Step 6: Create a sumo configuration file file using any code editor (like notepad, notepad++
etc) and the extension is .sumo.cfg. Place the file inside the same folder where the network
file (i.e. NETWORK.net.xml) and route file (i.e. VEHICLES.rou.xml) are present.
Step 7: Now open “New Simulation VANET”. Choose the Configuration.cfg.xml from the
specified folder and run simulation using NetSim
4 Featured Examples
Sample configuration files for all networks are available in Examples Menu in NetSim Home
Screen. These files provide examples on how NetSim can be used – the parameters that can
be changed and the typical effect it has on performance.
4.1 CCH Time Interval
Open NetSim, Select Examples->VANETs->CCH-Time-Analysis
Settings done for this sample experiment:
In INTERFACE_1(WIRELESS) Data Link Layer, CCH_TIME_INTERVEL –
30000(Microsec)
Set Application BSM (Basic_Safety_Message) with 3Mbps generation rate
21. Ver 11.1 21
Packet size – 100 Bytes
IAT – 266 (Microsec)
Open Wireless Node/Vehicle General Properties and select the
Configuration.sumo.cfg file from the Docs folder of NetSim Install Directory <
C:Program FilesNetSim
StandardDocsSample_ConfigurationVANETCCH_Time_Analysis> as shown
below
Enable Packet trace option
22. Ver 11.1 22
Run simulation and note down the number of data packets transmitted (BSM
Packets) from Packet Trace by filter PACKET_TYPE to Basic_Safety_Message and
throughput for sample 1
Modify the CCH_TIME_INTERVEL to 50000, 70000 microseconds for sample 2 and
3 respectively
CCH_Time
(micro seconds)
Throughput
(Mbps)
30000 0.57
50000 0.82
70000 1.03
Inference:
As we increase the CCH time, throughput increases. Larger the service time greater the
throughput. Here, the delivered packets are considered to be the safety type, which are
simulated for the CCH interval -> 30000 µs, 50000 µs, 70000 µs.
In DSRC protocol, the duration is dynamic, and the channel can be adjusted dynamically to
transmit the packets.
5 Reference Documents
IEEE 802.11p, IEEE1609: Standards for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment (WAVE)
6 Latest FAQs
Up to date FAQs on NetSim’s VANETs library is available at
https://tetcos.freshdesk.com/support/solutions/folders/14000118424