Presented by IWMI's Liza Debevec at a Roundtable on Building Resilience to Climate Change through Community Dialogues held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, September 20, 2016.
Presented by IWMI's Miriam Otoo at a stakeholder workshop on 'Opportunities for sustainable municipal solid waste management services in Batticaloa District, in Sri Lanka, on September 23, 2016.
Presented by IWMI's Liza Debevec at a Roundtable on Building Resilience to Climate Change through Community Dialogues held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, September 20, 2016
The Danube - Black Sea Strategic Partnership Program: Progress, Issues and Wa...Iwl Pcu
Jitendra Srivastava & Meeta Sehgal
Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Unit
Europe and Central Asia Region, World Bank
U.S.A.
Moldova, October 2006
Presented by IWMI's Liza Debevec at a Roundtable on Building Resilience to Climate Change through Community Dialogues held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, September 20, 2016.
Presented by IWMI's Miriam Otoo at a stakeholder workshop on 'Opportunities for sustainable municipal solid waste management services in Batticaloa District, in Sri Lanka, on September 23, 2016.
Presented by IWMI's Liza Debevec at a Roundtable on Building Resilience to Climate Change through Community Dialogues held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, September 20, 2016
The Danube - Black Sea Strategic Partnership Program: Progress, Issues and Wa...Iwl Pcu
Jitendra Srivastava & Meeta Sehgal
Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Unit
Europe and Central Asia Region, World Bank
U.S.A.
Moldova, October 2006
Setting the Scene: Introducing the Workshop Objectives and its Expected Resul...NENAwaterscarcity
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
GCARD2: Briefing paper Foresight Guiding Research and Innovation at regional...GCARD Conferences
The problem being addressed is that of building collective actions at regional level in order to incorporate the outcomes of many foresight works (from global, regional, national and local) already conducted into regional strategic actions looking at longer term orientations. There is also a need to share these perspectives as regional initiatives are not independent from both national and global and therefore need to be articulated. Further, foresight related activities are more developed in some regions and sharing their experiences is useful for other regions.
Visit the conference site for more information: http://www.egfar.org/gcard-2012
La question abordée concerne la mise en place d’actions collectives au niveau régional afin d’intégrer les résultats de nombreux travaux de la prospective (du niveau mondial, régional, national et local) déjà réalisés dans les actions stratégiques régionales visant les orientations à long terme. C’est aussi une nécessité de partager ces perspectives puisque les initiatives régionales ne sont pas indépendantes de celles nationales et mondiales et par conséquent ont besoin d’être articulées. Par ailleurs, la prospective relative aux activités est plus développée dans certaines régions dont les expériences peuvent être utiles pour d’autres régions.
Visitez le site web de la GCARD2 pour plus d'informations: http://www.egfar.org/gcard-2012
Presentation by Douglas J. Merrey and Tadele Gebreselassie, focuses on lessons learned over the past 35 years in water and land management in Ethiopia. A number of recommendations are also made
"Challenges, opportunities and priorities for transitioning to low emissions agriculture" was presented by Lini Wollenberg at a NUI Galway seminar on January 30, 2020.
Adaptation Sector Integration: Perspectives from the agriculture and land-use...NAP Global Network
Presentation by Beau Damen, FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, our Targeted Topics Forum (TTF) on the theme of “High-Level Political Support and Sectoral Integration of Adaptation” held in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, from September 21-23, 2016.
"Rethinking Agriculture for the 21st Century: Climate change mitigation opportunities and challenges" was presented by Lini Wollenberg online at the KfW Webinar on May 28, 2020.
This presentation provides an overview of the IFAD Grant Policy, 2015. It was prepared in the context of the Financial Management workshop for our Global/Regional grant recipients.
Watershed Mali : strengthening civil society for sustainable WASH-IWRM in MaliIRC
The political crisis and insecurity existing in Mali since 2012 has had a negative impact on the country’s water and sanitation sector. Normative frameworks are non-existent or unknown, polices and laws are not enforced, water quality is hardly monitored and budget commitments are unclear. The lack of knowledge about the human rights to water and sanitation has led to poor accountability, and civil society organisations (CSOs) lack capacity to advocate and lobby for better services.
Within the above context, the Watershed empowering citizens Mali country programme focuses on two main issues: (1) water quality and waste management and (2) universal access to sustainable water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services. So far the programme has been able to enhance the capacities, credibility and audience of water and sanitation CSOs, including the Alliance Citoyenne Pour l’Eau et l’Assainissement (ACEA-Mali). A multi-stakeholder forum has been established and coalitions of CSOs, local government and media have been strengthened, which can mobilise stakeholders, including Parliament.
Because there enough water and faecal sludge disposal is not seen as a problem in rural areas, there is little incentive to integrate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and water resources management (WRM). Watershed is trying to stimulate integration by developing a handbook and guideline in combination with collaboration with CSO networks and donor-funded programmes.
Issues emerging from the Watershed Mali programme include how CSOs can influence decision makers to increase national WASH budget allocations infragile states, how to harmonise the institutional and legal frameworks of the WASH and WRM sectors, how to encourage innovation.
A joint presentation by Afou Chantal Bengaly (Wetlands International) and Ele Jan Saaf (SaafConsult) at the WASH Debate "Sustainable WASH service delivery and local WRM in fragile states: how far can you get?", in The Hague, the Netherlands on 20 November 2019.
Presented by IWMI's Ian Makin at the 4th African Regional Conference on Irrigation and
Drainage (ARCID), in Aswan, Cairo,
Egypt, on April 26, 2016
Presented as the keynote presentation of the first plenary session (Tools and techniques for improving land and water productivity -I) at the side-event on "Improving Salt and Water Management in the Nile Delta",
Landscape of international adaptation finance and role of NAPs NAP Global Network
2nd Targeted Topics Forum, Kingston, March 16, 2016
National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Global Network
Presented by Sharon Lindo, Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre
This presentation was given as part of the EPA-funded Catchment Science and Management Course focusing on Integrated Catchment Management, held in June 2015. This course was delivered by RPS Consultants. If you have any queries or comments, or wish to use the material in this presentation, please contact catchments@epa.ie
It is increasingly being recognised internationally that integrated catchment management (ICM) is a useful organising framework for tackling the ongoing challenge of balancing sustainable use and development of our natural resource, against achieving environmental goals. The basic principles of ICM (Williams, 2012) are to:
• Take a holistic and integrated approach to the management of land, biodiversity, water and community resources at the water catchment scale;
• Involve communities in planning and managing their landscapes; and
• Find a balance between resource use and resource conservation
ICM is now well established in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. In Europe the ICM approach has been proposed as being required to achieve effective water and catchment management, and is the approach being promoted by DEFRA for the UK, where it is called the “Catchment Based Approach” (CaBA). The principles and methodologies behind ICM sit well within the context of the Water Framework Directive with its aims and objectives for good water quality, sustainable development and public participation in water resource management. In Ireland it is proposed that the ICM approach will underlie the work and philosophy in developing and implementing future River Basin Management Plans.
Setting the Scene: Introducing the Workshop Objectives and its Expected Resul...NENAwaterscarcity
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt
GCARD2: Briefing paper Foresight Guiding Research and Innovation at regional...GCARD Conferences
The problem being addressed is that of building collective actions at regional level in order to incorporate the outcomes of many foresight works (from global, regional, national and local) already conducted into regional strategic actions looking at longer term orientations. There is also a need to share these perspectives as regional initiatives are not independent from both national and global and therefore need to be articulated. Further, foresight related activities are more developed in some regions and sharing their experiences is useful for other regions.
Visit the conference site for more information: http://www.egfar.org/gcard-2012
La question abordée concerne la mise en place d’actions collectives au niveau régional afin d’intégrer les résultats de nombreux travaux de la prospective (du niveau mondial, régional, national et local) déjà réalisés dans les actions stratégiques régionales visant les orientations à long terme. C’est aussi une nécessité de partager ces perspectives puisque les initiatives régionales ne sont pas indépendantes de celles nationales et mondiales et par conséquent ont besoin d’être articulées. Par ailleurs, la prospective relative aux activités est plus développée dans certaines régions dont les expériences peuvent être utiles pour d’autres régions.
Visitez le site web de la GCARD2 pour plus d'informations: http://www.egfar.org/gcard-2012
Presentation by Douglas J. Merrey and Tadele Gebreselassie, focuses on lessons learned over the past 35 years in water and land management in Ethiopia. A number of recommendations are also made
"Challenges, opportunities and priorities for transitioning to low emissions agriculture" was presented by Lini Wollenberg at a NUI Galway seminar on January 30, 2020.
Adaptation Sector Integration: Perspectives from the agriculture and land-use...NAP Global Network
Presentation by Beau Damen, FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, our Targeted Topics Forum (TTF) on the theme of “High-Level Political Support and Sectoral Integration of Adaptation” held in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, from September 21-23, 2016.
"Rethinking Agriculture for the 21st Century: Climate change mitigation opportunities and challenges" was presented by Lini Wollenberg online at the KfW Webinar on May 28, 2020.
This presentation provides an overview of the IFAD Grant Policy, 2015. It was prepared in the context of the Financial Management workshop for our Global/Regional grant recipients.
Watershed Mali : strengthening civil society for sustainable WASH-IWRM in MaliIRC
The political crisis and insecurity existing in Mali since 2012 has had a negative impact on the country’s water and sanitation sector. Normative frameworks are non-existent or unknown, polices and laws are not enforced, water quality is hardly monitored and budget commitments are unclear. The lack of knowledge about the human rights to water and sanitation has led to poor accountability, and civil society organisations (CSOs) lack capacity to advocate and lobby for better services.
Within the above context, the Watershed empowering citizens Mali country programme focuses on two main issues: (1) water quality and waste management and (2) universal access to sustainable water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services. So far the programme has been able to enhance the capacities, credibility and audience of water and sanitation CSOs, including the Alliance Citoyenne Pour l’Eau et l’Assainissement (ACEA-Mali). A multi-stakeholder forum has been established and coalitions of CSOs, local government and media have been strengthened, which can mobilise stakeholders, including Parliament.
Because there enough water and faecal sludge disposal is not seen as a problem in rural areas, there is little incentive to integrate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and water resources management (WRM). Watershed is trying to stimulate integration by developing a handbook and guideline in combination with collaboration with CSO networks and donor-funded programmes.
Issues emerging from the Watershed Mali programme include how CSOs can influence decision makers to increase national WASH budget allocations infragile states, how to harmonise the institutional and legal frameworks of the WASH and WRM sectors, how to encourage innovation.
A joint presentation by Afou Chantal Bengaly (Wetlands International) and Ele Jan Saaf (SaafConsult) at the WASH Debate "Sustainable WASH service delivery and local WRM in fragile states: how far can you get?", in The Hague, the Netherlands on 20 November 2019.
Presented by IWMI's Ian Makin at the 4th African Regional Conference on Irrigation and
Drainage (ARCID), in Aswan, Cairo,
Egypt, on April 26, 2016
Presented as the keynote presentation of the first plenary session (Tools and techniques for improving land and water productivity -I) at the side-event on "Improving Salt and Water Management in the Nile Delta",
Landscape of international adaptation finance and role of NAPs NAP Global Network
2nd Targeted Topics Forum, Kingston, March 16, 2016
National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Global Network
Presented by Sharon Lindo, Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre
Landscape of international adaptation finance and role of NAPs
Similar to Rhetoric versus realities: An assessment of rainwater management planning and implementation modalities in Oromiya and Amhara Region, Ethiopia
This presentation was given as part of the EPA-funded Catchment Science and Management Course focusing on Integrated Catchment Management, held in June 2015. This course was delivered by RPS Consultants. If you have any queries or comments, or wish to use the material in this presentation, please contact catchments@epa.ie
It is increasingly being recognised internationally that integrated catchment management (ICM) is a useful organising framework for tackling the ongoing challenge of balancing sustainable use and development of our natural resource, against achieving environmental goals. The basic principles of ICM (Williams, 2012) are to:
• Take a holistic and integrated approach to the management of land, biodiversity, water and community resources at the water catchment scale;
• Involve communities in planning and managing their landscapes; and
• Find a balance between resource use and resource conservation
ICM is now well established in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. In Europe the ICM approach has been proposed as being required to achieve effective water and catchment management, and is the approach being promoted by DEFRA for the UK, where it is called the “Catchment Based Approach” (CaBA). The principles and methodologies behind ICM sit well within the context of the Water Framework Directive with its aims and objectives for good water quality, sustainable development and public participation in water resource management. In Ireland it is proposed that the ICM approach will underlie the work and philosophy in developing and implementing future River Basin Management Plans.
A Dominican Republic Case: Demonstrating Sustainable Land Management in the U...Iwl Pcu
The priority agenda: Keep learning how to best manage interlinkages at the operational level, through integrated project approaches. To derive local and global environmental benefits, promote sustainable development, and meet human needs.
5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice 24-28 August 2014 in Davos, Switzerland
National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) - Opportunities for cross-sector synergies i...CIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation focuses on several elements of NAPs like climate adaptation in agriculture, inter-sectoral analysis under climate change scenarios and much more.
Innovation has been highlighted as an important focus for the next round of EU CAP reform. Professor Janet Dwyer gave a presentation on innovation in EU agriculture to a recent conference of academics and policy makers in Prague, Czech republic. In her talk, Janet highlighted the ways in which advice, training and networking can help to encourage farmers to innovate, and she also discussed the need for more innovation in policy, so that funds can really help, rather than constrain, new and experimental ideas and projects.
Report URL: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/committees/fr/studiesdownload.html?languageDocument=EN&file=74955
This presentation gives an overview of mainstreaming at sector level in South Africa, looking at systematic barriers to mainstreaming, the institutional landscape, case studies in forestry, mining and agriculture, ingredients for effective mainstreaming, and lessons learned.
Ethiopian Experience in Irrigatiion Development by Mr. Zena Habtewold BiruMalabo-Montpellier-Panel
The Ethiopian irrigation success story was the focus of the webinar organised by the Malabo Montpellier Panel on 14th February 2019, based on their second report, Water-Wise: Smart Irrigation Strategies for Africa, which summarizes the key findings of a systematic analysis of what six African countries at the forefront of progress on irrigation have done right: Ethiopia, Kenya, Mali, Morocco, Niger and South Africa.
The guest speaker and author of this presentation, Mr. Zena Habtewold Biru, Director of the Planning Monitoring and Evaluation Directorate at the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) and Focal Person for the Comprehensive African Agricultural Development Program (CAADP) discussed the case of Ethiopia’s remarkable growth in irrigation expansion over the last years, and the concrete practical steps that the government took to become one of the leading African countries in terms of agricultural irrigation, thereby reducing unemployment, poverty rate and malnutrition.
During the seminar Mr. Zena Habtewold Biru discussed the following questions:
•What did Ethiopia do differently?
•What are the main institutional innovations?
•What are the key policy measures?
•What are the country’s major programs and interventions?
•How and what did it take to mobilize the government to uptake strong regulatory frameworks that govern irrigation and the use of water in agriculture?
•What are the practical lessons for other Africans to learn from and to adapt to the context of their own countries?
SWaRMA_IRBM_Module1_#5, Experiences of IWRM implementation from Australia, An...ICIMOD
This presentation is the part of 12-day (28 January–8 February 2019) training workshop on “Multi-scale Integrated River Basin Management (IRBM) from the Hindu Kush Himalayan Perspective” organized by the Strengthening Water Resources Management in Afghanistan (SWaRMA) Initiative of the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), and targeted at participants from Afghanistan.
Similar to Rhetoric versus realities: An assessment of rainwater management planning and implementation modalities in Oromiya and Amhara Region, Ethiopia (20)
By Asad Sarwar Qureshi, Samina Yasmin, Nikar C. Holader, Timothy J. Krupnik
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Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference
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Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference
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Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference
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Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference
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Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference
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Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference
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By Kazi Ahmed Kabir, S.B. Saha, Manjurul Karim, Craig A. Meisner, Michael J. Phillips
Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference
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By S.B. Saha, K.A. Kabir, M.K. Mondal, M. Karim, P.L.C. Paul, M. Phillips, E. Humphreys, T.P. Tuong
Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference
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The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
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Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
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The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
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https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
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Rhetoric versus realities: An assessment of rainwater management planning and implementation modalities in Oromiya and Amhara Region, Ethiopia
1. Rhetoric versus Realities
An assessment of rainwater management planning and
implementation modalities
in Oromiya and Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Eva Ludi
Nile Basin Development Challenge (NBDC) Science Workshop
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 9–10 July 2013
2.
3. Rainwater Management
• Ethiopia has invested extensively in RWM
interventions, in particular soil and water conservation
and afforestation over the last 40 years, but in many
areas with disappointing impact
• A new approach is obviously needed, but what should
it be?
4
5. Rainwater management
• Rainwater management refers to interventions which
enable smallholder farmers to sustainably increase
agricultural production – focusing on livestock, trees,
fish as well as crops – by making better use of
available rainwater
• These interventions may be at plot, farm, community,
district or watershed level.
• A rainwater management system (RWMS) includes
technologies and practices for managing water for
production, and the policy, institutional and social
dynamics and support systems necessary to optimize
the benefits of such technologies and practices
Merrey & Gebreselassie
6.
7. Nile 2
• On integrated RWM strategies – technologies,
institutions and policies
• Baseline research on RWM planning and
implementation and how this intersects with
livelihoods and innovation
• Fieldwork in the three NBDC learning sites Jeldu and
Diga (Oromiya) and Fogera (Amhara)
• Five KAs per site representing different agro-ecologies
(highland – midland – lowland), presence / absence of
RWM, high / low levels of degradation
• Broad suite of methods and tools for data collection
9
8. Findings – past RWM
• Limited success of past RWM interventions
– Top-down planning & implementation
– Standardised intervention packages
– Quote system
– Lack of integrated watershed approach
– Limited consideration of variations in agro-ecological and
socio-economic conditions
– Coerced participation with limited regard to people’s
views and preferences
– Focus on SWC instead of RWM as a means to increase
productivity resulted in limited or no benefits to farmers
9.
10. Planning of RWM today
Cell
Development
Team
Sub-Kebele
Kebele
Woreda
Zone / Region
Targets/
funding
Targets/
funding
Targets/
funding
Targets/
funding
Targets/
funding
Targets/
funding
Theoretical
planning cycle
- Following the
budget cycle
11. • Dilemma for woreda experts:
– reconciling plans with available budgets,
government policy and strategic plans / directives
whilst also taking account of local issues and
priorities as formulated in kebele plans.
• Considerable tension at the woreda level as bottom-
up planning – focusing on needs and priorities as
formulated by kebeles – collides with top-down
planning, i.e. implementation plans received from
higher levels that reflect regional and national
priorities, in the form of quotas that woredas must
achieve.
12. Conclusions - Planning
• Discrepancy policy planning: participation vs quota
• Notion of participation: mobilising labour vs
incentivising collective action
• Incentive systems for DAs: quota vs local needs
• Failure to anticipate conflicts: quota vs local needs
• Missed opportunities for sustainability: insufficient
participation vs taping into local practices and
institutions
13. Central dilemma
• This needs to be resolved if RWM interventions are to
be owned by farmers, be sustainable, and make a
meaningful contribution to improved environmental
management and better livelihoods.
National plan
Output targets
Top-down planning
focus
Devolution
Decentralisation
Participation in planning
Co-development of
innovations at the lowest
possible level
14.
15. Implementation
Action plan
developed by
WoARD
Community
mobilisation by
KA
administration
Identification of required
labour and other resources,
organising farmers into teams
by DAs
Training farmers
by DAs and
woreda experts
Scheduling of
activities
Establishing
quality control
team
Carrying out
work
Establishing follow-up
structures (e.g. Water User
Committee)
Follow-up and
reporting
16. Reasons for poor sustainability
• Lack of relevance to local priorities
• Weak technical design
• Lack of voluntary collective action
• Lack of clear governance structures for interventions
on communal land
• Poor follow-up and monitoring
• Focus on isolated technical interventions
17.
18. Livelihoods
• To achieve better fit of RWM interventions, specific
livelihood context and institutional environment needs
to guide RWM selection, planning and implementation
process
• Interdisciplinary communication and transdisciplinary
collaboration required to identify best RWM strategies
in a given locality:
– multidisciplinary research
– research partnerships
– genuine collaboration between researchers and
local societies to
19. Conclusions
• Insights from baseline research on planning and
implementation process shaped innovation platforms
at local, regional and national levels and innovation
fund
• Recommendations formulated in view of contributing
to improve RMW planning and implementation to
achieve impact, sustainability, and local ownership,
foster meaningful collaboration between farmers,
government agencies and research community, and
increase opportunity for genuine innovation at all
levels.
20. Recommendations
1. Shift the focus of targets from outputs to outcomes
2. Enhance monitoring and evidence collection on RWM
with a focus on impact and sustainability
3. Revitalise and capitalise on the DA system
4. Strengthen local institutions’ roles in RWM
5. Move towards more meaningful participation
6. Open lines of communication to foster innovative
capacity
21.
22. ODI is the UK’s leading independent think tank on
international development and humanitarian issues.
We aim to inspire and inform policy and practice to
reduce poverty by locking together high-quality
applied research and practical policy advice.
The views presented here are those of the speaker,
and do not necessarily represent the views of ODI or
our partners.
Overseas Development Institute
203 Blackfriars Road, London, SE1 8NJ
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e.ludi@odi.org.uk