The document discusses the role of individuals in conserving natural resources like water, energy, soil, and promoting sustainable agriculture. It provides tips for conserving resources such as using water efficiently, using renewable energy sources, practicing organic farming, and reducing food waste. The overall message is that small actions by individuals can collectively make a big impact on conservation efforts.

1. S H A I K H S A B I N A M E R A J
A S S I S T A N T P R O F E S S O R
Y . B . C H A V A N C O L L E G E O F P H A R M C Y
Natural Resources

2. Introduction
 The term “resource” means any thing that we use from our
environment to achieve our objective.
 For example, we require bricks, cement, iron, wood etc. to
construct a building.
 All these items are called the resources for construction of
building.
 A resource can be defined as ‘any natural or artificial
substance, energy or organism, which is used by human being
for its welfare.

3. Introduction
 These resources are of two types:
(a) Natural resources
(b) Artificial resource
(a) Natural resources: All that the nature has provided such as soil, air,
water, minerals, coal, sunshine (sunlight), animals and plants, etc.
Human being uses these directly or indirectly for survival and welfare.
(b) Artificial resource: The resources, which have been developed by
human being during the growth of civilization. For example, biogas,
thermal electricity, plastics, etc are man- made resources. These man-
made resources are generally derived from some other natural resources.
For example, plastics and many other chemical products are ultimately
derived from the natural resource of petroleum.

4. Classification of Natural Resources

5. CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
 As the human population is continuously growing the consumption of natural
resources is also increasing.
 With the increasing industrialization and urbanization of the modern human
society, the use of all the resources is rising.
 If they are not properly used and well managed, a serious scarcity will result.
 Therefore we need to conserve the natural resources. This will also upset the
ecological balance.
 Conservation is the proper management of a natural resource to prevent its
exploitation, destruction or degradation.
 Conservation is the sum total of activities, which can derive benefits from natural
resources but at the same time prevent excessive use leading to destruction or
degradation.

6. Need for Conservation of Natural Resources
 We know that nature provides us all our basic needs but we tend
to overexploit it.
 If we go on exploiting the nature, there will be no more resources
available in future.
 There is an urgent need to conserve the nature. Some of the needs
are :
< To maintain ecological balance for supporting life.
< To preserve different kinds of species (biodiversity).
< To make the resources available for present and future
generation.
< To ensure the survival of human race.

7. Major natural resources
(i) Forest resources
(ii) Water resources
(iii) Mineral resources
(iv) Food resources
(v) Energy resources
(vi) Land resources.

8. CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
ROLE OF AN INDIVIDUAL TO CONSERVE WATER
 Don’t keep water taps running while brushing, shaving, washing or bathing.
 In washing machines fill the machine only to the level required for your clothes.
 In washing machines fill the machine only to the level required for your clothes.
 Install water-saving toilets that use not more than 6 liters per
 flush.
 Check for water leaks in pipes and toilets and repair them promptly. A small pin-
hole sized leak will lead to the wastage of 640 liters of water in a month.
 Reuse the soapy water of washings from clothes for washing off the courtyards,
driveways etc.

9. CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
 Water the plants in your kitchen-garden and the lawns in
the evening when evaporation losses are minimum.
Never water the plants in mid-day.
 Use drip irrigation and sprinkling irrigation to
improve irrigation efficiency and reduce evaporation.
 Install a small system to capture rain water and
collect normally wasted used water from sinks, cloth-
washers, bath- tubs etc. which can be used for watering
the plants.
 Build rain water harvesting system in your house.

10. CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
ROLE OF AN INDIVIDUAL TO CONSERVE ENERGY
 Turn off lights, fans and other appliances when not in use.
 Obtain as much heat as possible from natural sources. Dry the clothes in sun instead
of drier if it is a sunny day.
 Use solar cooker for cooking your food on sunny days which will be more nutritious
and will cut down on your LPG expenses.
 Build your house with provision for sunspace which will keep your house warmer
and will provide more light.
 Grow deciduous trees and climbers at proper places outside your home to cut off
intense heat of summers and get a cool breeze and shade. This will cut off your
electricity charges on coolers and air-conditioners. A big tree is estimated to have a
cooling effect equivalent to five air conditioners. Some trees shed their leaves in
winter. Therefore they do not put any hindrance to the sunlight and heat.

11. CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
 Drive less, make fewer trips and use public transportations whenever
possible. You can share by joining a car-pool if you regularly have to go to
the same place.
 Add more insulation to your house. During winter close the windows at
night. During summer close the windows during days if using an A.C.
Otherwise loss of heat would be more, consuming more electricity.
 Instead of using the heat convector more often wear adequate woolens.
 Recycle and reuse glass, metals and paper.
 Try riding bicycle or just walk down small distances instead of using your
car or scooter.
 Lower the cooling load on an air conditioner by increasing the thermostat
setting as 3-5 % electricity is saved for every one degree rise in temperature
setting.

12. CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
ROLE OF AN INDIVIDUAL TO PROTECT THE SOIL
 While constructing your house, don’t uproot the trees as far as
possible. Plant the disturbed areas with a fast growing native
ground cover.
 Grow different types of ornamental plants, herbs and trees in your
garden. Grow grass in the open areas which will bind the soil and
prevent its erosion.
 Make compost from your kitchen waste and use it for your kitchen-
garden or flower-pots.
 Do not irrigate the plants using a strong flow of water, as it would
wash off the soil.

13. CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
 Better use sprinkling irrigation.
 Use green manure and mulch in the garden and
kitchen-garden which will protect the soil.
 If you own agricultural fields, do not over-irrigate
your fields without proper drainage to prevent
water logging and salinisation.
 Use mixed cropping so that some specific soil
nutrients do not get depleted.

14. CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
ROLE OF AN INDIVIDUAL TO PROMOTE
SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
 Do not waste food. Take as much as you can eat.
 Reduce the use of pesticides.
 Fertilize your crop primarily with organic fertilizers.
 Use drip irrigation to water the crops.
 Eat local and seasonal vegetables. This saves lot of energy on
transport, storage and preservation.
 Control pests by a combination of cultivation and biological
control methods.