this is the presentation based on live project analysis & existing situation framework of the city which is being selected for water supply design, methods & results are based on the calculation standardized by the ministry of urban development CPHEEO.
DESIGN & ANALYSIS OF WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK MODEL BY EPANET A CASE STUDYvivatechijri
Water is one of the primary needs of all living being of world. Water supply system is a system ofengineered hydraulic and components which provide water supply. The water distribution network plays a virtualrole in preserving and providing desirable life quality to the public, of which reliability of supply is the majorcomponent. A community can only thrive if it can ensure the availability of safe drinking water for its members. Asthe population of any community increases, the demand for water also increases and imposes additional load tothe existing water distribution system. As a result, the existing water distribution system may become unreliable tomeet the demand of the increased population. In order to fulfil the water demand of the continuously growingpopulation, it is essential to provide the sufficient and uniform quantity of water through the designed network ofpipes. EPANET is computer program that performs extended period simulation of hydraulic behaviour withinpressurized pipe network. The study presents the hydraulic analysis of pipe line network of Narangi area in Virarcity using EPANET 2.0. The result obtained verified that the pressure at all junction and the flows with theirvelocities at all pipes are feasible enough to provide adequate water to the network of study area and also help tounderstand the pipelines system of the study area in a better way. The study also deals with the future demand ofthe area.
DESIGN & ANALYSIS OF WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK MODEL BY EPANET A CASE STUDYvivatechijri
Water is one of the primary needs of all living being of world. Water supply system is a system ofengineered hydraulic and components which provide water supply. The water distribution network plays a virtualrole in preserving and providing desirable life quality to the public, of which reliability of supply is the majorcomponent. A community can only thrive if it can ensure the availability of safe drinking water for its members. Asthe population of any community increases, the demand for water also increases and imposes additional load tothe existing water distribution system. As a result, the existing water distribution system may become unreliable tomeet the demand of the increased population. In order to fulfil the water demand of the continuously growingpopulation, it is essential to provide the sufficient and uniform quantity of water through the designed network ofpipes. EPANET is computer program that performs extended period simulation of hydraulic behaviour withinpressurized pipe network. The study presents the hydraulic analysis of pipe line network of Narangi area in Virarcity using EPANET 2.0. The result obtained verified that the pressure at all junction and the flows with theirvelocities at all pipes are feasible enough to provide adequate water to the network of study area and also help tounderstand the pipelines system of the study area in a better way. The study also deals with the future demand ofthe area.
In July of 2005, India’s Mumbai Metropolitan Area (MMA) faced heavy flooding that
jeopardized the region’s potable water supply. However, with the help of MMA’s
water utility engineers it was able to maintain a steady water supply to the cities of
Ambernath, Badlapur, and Panvel by interlinking the water transmission system of
these cities with those of cities that hadn’t been affected by the floods.
Many countries are embarking to rehabilitate its aging sewer & water network where sewer infiltration and water loss can reach 50%. The presentation highlights the strategies to tender and implement efficient rehabilitation program with a preview of trenchless technologies in rehabilitation while highlighting the technical and contractual challenges.
PLANNING AND DESIGN OF PIPE DISTRIBUTION NETWORK (PDN).Yatiraj Battul
The Main Objective Of This Topic Is To Highlighting The Use Of Pipe Distribution Network (PDN) Instead Of Canal Distribution Network (CDN) To Increase The Overall Project Efficiency Of Irrigation Project And Thereby Reducing The Stresses Due To Water Scarcity. For Achieving Maximum Benefits From PDN, Planning, Designing, And Construction Of PDN Should Be Done Carefully. In This Topic Guideline For Planning, Designing And Installment Requirements Of PDN System For Irrigation Are Provided. It Is Recommended That PDN System Could Be Economical And Feasible Over Conventional CDN Certain Extent And This System Is So Flexible That It Can Be Implemented As A New Scheme Or Used To Convert The Existing CDN.
Link for Design of PDN System:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1JFwC2O3djculrGwn_X_Oe0CWlVWQfvJi/view?usp=sharing
Wastewater Generation and Management in Underground Utility Vaults and ManholesC.I.Agent Solutions
Underground utility networks face a number of maintenance challenges, including chronic water intrusion, debris and sediment build-up, and the presence of oil and sheen. Dewatering methods for vaults and manholes are forced to evolve with the Increasing environmental regulations in storm water management, but there are risks and tradeoffs involved. Passive and active protection systems are accessible and can be easily implemented as solutions to certain underground challenges, as illustrated by Dan Parker during this presentation at the USWAG 2015 Decommissioning and Low-Volume Waste Committee Workshop in Detroit, MI.
Find more solutions to your underground utility vault and manhole challenges at http://www.ciagent.com.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
In July of 2005, India’s Mumbai Metropolitan Area (MMA) faced heavy flooding that
jeopardized the region’s potable water supply. However, with the help of MMA’s
water utility engineers it was able to maintain a steady water supply to the cities of
Ambernath, Badlapur, and Panvel by interlinking the water transmission system of
these cities with those of cities that hadn’t been affected by the floods.
Many countries are embarking to rehabilitate its aging sewer & water network where sewer infiltration and water loss can reach 50%. The presentation highlights the strategies to tender and implement efficient rehabilitation program with a preview of trenchless technologies in rehabilitation while highlighting the technical and contractual challenges.
PLANNING AND DESIGN OF PIPE DISTRIBUTION NETWORK (PDN).Yatiraj Battul
The Main Objective Of This Topic Is To Highlighting The Use Of Pipe Distribution Network (PDN) Instead Of Canal Distribution Network (CDN) To Increase The Overall Project Efficiency Of Irrigation Project And Thereby Reducing The Stresses Due To Water Scarcity. For Achieving Maximum Benefits From PDN, Planning, Designing, And Construction Of PDN Should Be Done Carefully. In This Topic Guideline For Planning, Designing And Installment Requirements Of PDN System For Irrigation Are Provided. It Is Recommended That PDN System Could Be Economical And Feasible Over Conventional CDN Certain Extent And This System Is So Flexible That It Can Be Implemented As A New Scheme Or Used To Convert The Existing CDN.
Link for Design of PDN System:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1JFwC2O3djculrGwn_X_Oe0CWlVWQfvJi/view?usp=sharing
Wastewater Generation and Management in Underground Utility Vaults and ManholesC.I.Agent Solutions
Underground utility networks face a number of maintenance challenges, including chronic water intrusion, debris and sediment build-up, and the presence of oil and sheen. Dewatering methods for vaults and manholes are forced to evolve with the Increasing environmental regulations in storm water management, but there are risks and tradeoffs involved. Passive and active protection systems are accessible and can be easily implemented as solutions to certain underground challenges, as illustrated by Dan Parker during this presentation at the USWAG 2015 Decommissioning and Low-Volume Waste Committee Workshop in Detroit, MI.
Find more solutions to your underground utility vault and manhole challenges at http://www.ciagent.com.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The simultaneous loop flow correction analysis in the water feed network of M...IJERA Editor
With increasing population growth and industrial development, water flow rates and other hydraulic
requirements associated with water distribution systems have been estimated to increase both national and local
scale. Water shortage will cause inconvenience to people’s life and it will impact city function and industrial
production. Hence to overcome this problem design and analysis of water distribution system is necessary to get
optimal discharge. In this paper a water pipeline network analysis with a case study of a small city (MinkokEdjombo)
in the southern Cameroon system has been undertaken. What prompted this study is that the case
study has a lot of fluctuations in its head loss. Also, the discharge is not proportional to the pipe diameter. The
study therefore adopted simultaneous loop flow correction method because it computes simultaneous flows
corrections for all loops, hence, the best since computational procedures takes into account the iterative
influence of flow corrections between loops which have common pipes. After applying the simultaneous loop
flow correction analyze in a twenty-four sampled pipeline network, a drastic reduction in head loss and regular
line along the axis was observed.
Besides, the rate at which the water flows was observed to be proportional to the pipe diameter. Hence, the
method is a useful aid in planning, designing and operating of reticulated pipeline network for higher efficiency
and improved economy.
Water issues of Mumbai city from the perspective of the local municipal authority in charges of supply and distribution to the city. Challenges and solutions to meeting the increasing demand for water and dealing with distribution losses among other problems.
A study on best practices of Water Supply infrastructures in 3 Indian cities and 2 International cities- towards the partial fulfillment of credits for the course CB1- Infrastructure and Transport Planning at the School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi (November 2019)
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This is an excerpt from the presentation made by BWSSB (Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board) detailing the Water Supply situation in Bangalore. The presentation was made in The Water Workshop conducted on 6-Dec-2009, by ApartmentAdda.com for RWAs.
More resources from the workshop at:
http://apartmentadda.com/blog/dec-6-2009-water-workshop/
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Hello everyone! I am thrilled to present my latest portfolio on LinkedIn, marking the culmination of my architectural journey thus far. Over the span of five years, I've been fortunate to acquire a wealth of knowledge under the guidance of esteemed professors and industry mentors. From rigorous academic pursuits to practical engagements, each experience has contributed to my growth and refinement as an architecture student. This portfolio not only showcases my projects but also underscores my attention to detail and to innovative architecture as a profession.
Unleash Your Inner Demon with the "Let's Summon Demons" T-Shirt. Calling all fans of dark humor and edgy fashion! The "Let's Summon Demons" t-shirt is a unique way to express yourself and turn heads.
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Transforming Brand Perception and Boosting Profitabilityaaryangarg12
In today's digital era, the dynamics of brand perception, consumer behavior, and profitability have been profoundly reshaped by the synergy of branding, social media, and website design. This research paper investigates the transformative power of these elements in influencing how individuals perceive brands and products and how this transformation can be harnessed to drive sales and profitability for businesses.
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2. contents
Introduction.
Overview of WSS.
System components & description.
Water treatment plant process & flow layout.
Storage reservoirs & distribution network theories.
Selection of pipe material for distribution & conveying mains.
Scope of thesis work.
Tonk city profile & existing situation-data collection.
3. Comprehensive water supply system design for the city.
Population projection for the ultimate year & demand
forecast.
Gap study analysis between present & future demand.
Issues & challenges in water supply system in the city.
future strategies & adequacy.
Way forward.
Analysis of non revenue water.
4. Overview of WSS.
A water supply system or water supply network is a system
of engineering hydraulic & hydraulic components which
provide cleaned & aesthetic quality supply of water to the
human beings.
A set of hydraulic pumps, storage reservoirs, filtration
unit, pumping stations & elevated reservoirs including
distribution network pipelines & consumer metering.
Description
also
includes-water
quality
standards, availability of water sources, appropriate flow
rate, pressure are needed for effective use.
5. System components &description
Sources of water-surface & ground water
Catchment-water supply & quality land use.
Pumping or gravity system withdrawing water from source.
Water treatment plant.
Storage reservoirs ( CWR & ESR)
Distribution network.
User-general public potable.
6. Water treatment process & flow
layout
Treated methods-
Flocculation/coagulation methods
Filtration-to remove clay, silts, natural OM, Fe & Mg.
Ion exchange-to remove excess fluoride, Ar, nitrates, hard
water treatment.
Disinfection(chlorination/ ozonation)
Absorption – through activated carbon removing organic
contaminants, unwanted coloring, taste & odour.
8. Storage reservoirs & DN theories
Objective-To store the clear treated water & to give
desired pressure in the distribution line for every
consumer.
Treated water is pumped to a storage tank, those are
elevated( ESR-OHSR , CWR & GSR)
ST serves two purposes-I. store water until it is needed
which reduces the peak demand on the treatment
facility .II.ESR creates pressure in the WDN.
9. Distribution network contains water pipelines, fitting
valves, service lines ,metering & fire hydrants.
Two types of distribution network are:
I . Loop system. II. Branch system- parallel & series.
Loop system are more desirable because it provide
redundancy due to installed isolation valves , these
valves creates flow more than one direction, if leak
occurs no need to shut down entire system.
Whereas in branch if leak occurs entire system must
be shutdown to repair a leak.
10. For DN gravity system is more reliable & pumping system
is provided for reliability.
Selection of pipe material-It depends on the topographical
land use pattern & feasibility of the system. CPHEO & EPA
guidelines decide the size standard, material of the pipes.
Pipe materials-ductile iron, plastics (HDPE/PVC)
Reinforced concrete, steel, Cast Iron or asbestos cement.
SDR-standard dimensions ratio is used – it is the ratio of
pipe diameter to pipe wall thickness.
Pipe strength depends on the
size, thickness, load, trench, depth & pressure.
11. Joints & valves are used in the DN .
I.
Types of joints- Compression
II.
Mechanical.
III.
Flanged.
IV.
Solvent & soldered.
Types of valves used-
I.
Gate/ butterfly/swing.
II.
Check valves( permit water flow in one direction only)
III.
Automatic valves.
IV.
Pressure reducing valves & solenoid.
V.
Altitude valves ( control flow into &out of a storage tank)
VI.
Solenoid pilot valves ( electric current)
12. Evaluating criteria Supply + storage must meet current daily demand.
Intake capacity must be designed large enough to handle
demand. It must be reliable .
Pumping capacity should be reliable .
Design life of pumping network -40 to 50 years.
Large mains size-12” sub mains size-6” or 8”
Typical distribution pressure-65-75psi, designed for <150psi.
Iron pipe should not be > 150 psi pressure can cause leak &
damage to the system.
Consumer-for residential minimum pressure should be
40psi.pressure reducing valve are used for this purpose.
13. For industrial & commercial consumers more pressure is
required ,so for that purpose maximum DP should be
80psi. Pumps can be used to increase pressure.
Adequate supply of pure drinkable water with uniform
pressure & flow rate are main objective.
Drinkable water should be appetizing &
tempting, colorless, clear, cold, odorless & perfectly fresh
with regards to taste.
Design for <150psi smooth interior pipes surface, cement
lining or coating are to reduce pitting & corrosion
associated with iron pipe line.
15. Scope of thesis work
Study existing situations.
Analyzing t he gap assessment ( demand & population forecasting)
Future sustainability for next 30 years demand.
Feasibility study.
Proposals & identifications.
Water supply system technologies.wtp methods.
Economics of the technologies.
Design of wtp, DN-design, selection of pipe material,
Economics of transmission
Metering & connections.
Costing & estimation of the project.
16. Work progress- Tonk cityRajasthan
City profile-existing water supply situations in the city.
s.no.
Description
Data
1
Area of the city
70.12 sq.km
2
Population as per 2011 census
1,65,363
3
Growth rate(2001-2011) CAGR
2%
4
Population density/sq.km
20,816 Persons/sq.km.
5
Sex ratio
1000:949
6
Work force participation ratio
81.80%
7
SC/ST Population
20,891
8
No. of wards
45
9
Town elevation
274.32
10
ULB status
Municipal council
11
Total road length
363km
12
Existing road network
252.85km
17. Tonk is a district headquarter located 100km far away from
the state capital Jaipur on the NH-12 (Jaipur Kota NH.)
Surrounded by Aravali hills region on the northern side
Average altitude.
1
Average altitude
300 meter from MSL.
2
Latitude
26 degree
3
East longitude
75degree47’
4
Topography level
5
Elevation
Almost flat town with rocky but rugged
hills.
274.32metre above sea level.
6
Shape of the town
7
Climate
8
humidity
Relatively very low.
9
Average rainfall
638mm.
90% rainfall
During June to Sept.
Kite or rhombus with its eastern & western
sides
Dry in south western monsoon starts at
June &ended till September.
18. 1
Sources of water
Ground & underground water( banas
river tube wells
2
Tube wells,
Seasonal lack perennial river.
24 open wells sunk in the banas river bed,
other sources are underground water through
37 tube wells created at various locations in
the city.
3
Alternate major source for future
Bisulpur dam.
4
Bisulpur dam storage capacity
115.50 cubic meter
5
Presently water supply through
bisulpur
Jaipur , Ajmer,Deoli, Beawar,Kishangarh.
Three seasonal rivers are available
Banas,Mashi, Sahodara.
19. Existing water supply system
There is no treatment plant of
water except
chlorination using bleaching powder. PHED is
responsible for planning, design & development of
water supply schemes.
Description
Value
Source of water supply
BW & OW
No. of bore wells
66
No. of functioning open wells
-
Average ground water level
35-40 m
Quantity supplied daily
12 MLD
Length of transmission main
103.6 km
Length of distribution mains
252 km
No. of storage reservoirs
7
Total Storage capacity
6.60 ML
Rate of supply
54 lpcd
Total house service connections
15074
Maintenance staff available
42
20. Population projection & water
demand
Demography-The town witnessed high population
growth (average CAGR 2.71 percent) during 1971-2011
22. Water demand calculation& methods-incremental
increase method is preferred here because results are
coming more appropriate.
Methods
Arithmetical
method
Geometrical
method
Incremental
method
Year
2015
Increase 173,458
2020
183,663
2030
204,073
2033
210,196
2045
234,688
increase 176,608
191,845
226,377
237,902
290,172
increase 175,083
188,626
220,066
230,630
278,109
23. • Total water demand for the year 2016-2046
The total daily demand to meet the intermediate year (2031)
population and ultimate year population i.e., 2046are 35.58
MLD and 44.96 MLD respectively
Census year
Population
Demand
@135lpcd
(MLD)
Floating
pop@40lpc
d
(MLD)
Total
demand in
(MLD)
23.98
Water
losses
15%@13.5lpc
d
(MLD)
3.597
2016
177,676
0.710
28.28
2021
191,509
25.85
3.877
0.766
30.49
2025
203,620
27.48
4.122
0.814
32.41
2031
223,529
30.17
4.525
0.8940
35.58
2035
237962
32.12
4.818
0.951
37.88
2041
261,354
35.28
5.292
0.104
40.67
2046
282,443
38.12
5.718
1.129
44.96
24. Gap analysis in present year &
ultimate year
Year 2011
Year 2046
Total water demand= 26.33
Total water demand=44.96mld
Total storage capacity=9.212ml
Total storage capacity=15.73mld
Gap between demand=44.96-26.33=18.63mld is required to fill up the gap.
25. Distribution network coverage it should be
90% 0f the total road length.
1
Existing total road length
363km
2
Existing distribution network coverage
252.85km
3
For 90% coverage of total road length is
required
326.7km
4
Gap between existing & proposing
73.85km
5
So the required DN
73.85km
26. Issues & challenges of WSS in the city
Water supply is major concern of town and at present water is supplied @ 72 LPCD
No master plan of water supply exists for the entire TMC area incorporating proposal
for the future population growth
The problem with the existing distribution system is non-uniform supply. Many areas do not receive water while
some area receives water scantly.
High amounts of distribution losses averaging to about 40 percent due to old distribution network. In
addition, unauthorized tapings are found to be more. Due to pipe incrustation and scaling, the carrying
capacities of the pipes have greatly reduced.
Poor performance of pumping mains due to corrosion, formation of scales etc., resulting in extra load on the
pumps, which needs immediate replacement. Sucking using electric motors from the distribution mains is a
common affair
New developing areas needs to be considered I. Ground water is not potable.
II. Capacity of service reservoir is not sufficient and their locations can’t serve the community equally with
adequate pressure.
27. Future strategy & water supply goals
Banas river, bisulpur dam & some chambal project are the future sources .
The state, therefore, has to depend on water from inter-state river basins where
total 14.50 MAF water has been allocated to the state from various inter-state
river basins agreements.
The goal of GoR in water supply sector is that potable water shall be made
available to the entire population of the state within 150 m from their door step
at affordable cost. In order to achieve this goal, GOR has a well thought strategy
for water sector that include the following components. The same will be more
relevant to the present project town also. Water Resource Management .
Already 31 mld water is sanctioned for tonk city from bisulpur dam project.it
will fulfil the demad of water supply for future.
28.
Extension of water Supply services to uncovered areas
Cost recovery mechanism
Efficiency in operation and maintenance
Replacement of old machinery and network systems.
Capacity building of staff.
Reduce transmission and distribution losses.
Shift the source of water supply from ground water to surface water, wherever
possible
Non revenue water reduction must be carried NRW is water loss, difference
between demand & supply due to water losses & pumping static & dynamic
losses.
Suppose we are producing 20MLD water through consumer metering, only
15MLD water is billing. So. Remaining 5MLD is the NRW.
Reduction of NRW is also main objective in WSS.
29. Way forward
Preliminary data collection has been completed.
Fly level survey completed to reduce RL.
Design work will be carried out meanwhile detail feasibility
report for the city is going on.
Feasibility report for WSS & flow analysis is carried out.
Detail design will complete from now onwards.
A comprehensive wss is required for the city.
30. References
1.
2.
3.
Water supply system & evaluation methods volume-I water supply system concepts
FEMA, U.S.fire administration.
Frank R. Spellman, Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant
Operations, Second Edition (2008), p. 8.
4.
US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC (2004). "Primer for
Municipal
5.
Waste water Treatment Systems." Document no. EPA 832-R-04-001.
Metcalf & Eddy, Inc. (1972). Wastewater Engineering. McGraw-Hill Book Company.
1.
"Safe Water System", US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
Fact Sheet, World Water Forum 4 Update, June 2006.
8.
"Household Water Treatment Guide", Centre for Affordable Water and Sanitation
Technology, Canada, March 2008.
31. CPHEEO guidelines & design criteria for WSS.
Bisulpur water supply system design details report under RUIDP scheme.
Dion, T. (2002). Land development for civil engineers (2nd Ed.). New York:
John Wiley &Sons
11. Lindeburg, M. (2008). Civil engineering reference manual for the PE
exam (11th Document no. EPA 832-R-04-001.)
Web search:
USDA at http://www.ks.nrcs.usda.gov/news/highlights/2006_april.html
NASA at
http://www.ghcc.msfc.nasa.gov/surface_hydrology/water_management.ht
ml
NOAA at http://www.csc.noaa.gov/alternatives/infrastructure.html
www.istock.com.
The Groundwater Foundation at www.groundwater.org
USGS at http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3069/
EPA at
http://www.epa.gov/region02/superfund/npl/mohonkroad/images.html.