This document discusses nanopesticides as an emerging tool for pest management. It begins with an introduction to nanotechnology and its applications. It then discusses how nanotechnology can be used in insecticide formulations through various methods like nanoemulsions, nano suspensions, nanoencapsulation, and nanoparticles. Several case studies are presented that demonstrate the effectiveness of different nanopesticide formulations against various insect pests. The conclusion is that nanopesticides can provide green alternatives for pest control and help reduce pesticide waste, pollution, and increase product stability and efficiency. Future areas of focus include further exploiting green chemistry with nano-reformulated pesticides, developing commercial scale-up processes, field comparisons to existing products, and environmental
Role of nanotechnology in insect pest managementbajaru
Nanotechnology is an emerging area in the field of agriculture. Nanopesticides and nanofungicides will give 100% better results when compared with the normal chemicals.
It will provide exhaustive information about basics of nanotechnology, green nanotechnology concept, nano formulations, application of nanotechnology in agriculture, use of nanogels, nanotechnology development in india
Role of nanotechnology in insect pest managementbajaru
Nanotechnology is an emerging area in the field of agriculture. Nanopesticides and nanofungicides will give 100% better results when compared with the normal chemicals.
It will provide exhaustive information about basics of nanotechnology, green nanotechnology concept, nano formulations, application of nanotechnology in agriculture, use of nanogels, nanotechnology development in india
Here, it is a brief presentation regarding nanofertilizer, in relation to its role in enhancing the use efficiency of concerned nutrient, along with some experimrntal findings. Thank you for ur kind consideration.
Application of Nanotechnology in Agriculture with special reference to Pest M...Ramesh Kulkarni
Nanotechnology, a promising field of research opens up in the present decade a wide array of
opportunities in the present decade and is expected to give major impulses to technical innovations in
a variety of industrial sectors in the future.
Application nanotechnology in agricultural improvementSAGARDEEP SINHA
What is nanotechnology, how nanoparticles are formed, what are the areas of nanotechnology in agriculture, and how it is different than conventional agriculture, examples, and what are the cons?
Preliminary results on the application of safe(r)-by-design ecotoxicity testing for manufactured silicon nanomaterials. Work was conducted as part of the NanoREG2 research project.
Here, it is a brief presentation regarding nanofertilizer, in relation to its role in enhancing the use efficiency of concerned nutrient, along with some experimrntal findings. Thank you for ur kind consideration.
Application of Nanotechnology in Agriculture with special reference to Pest M...Ramesh Kulkarni
Nanotechnology, a promising field of research opens up in the present decade a wide array of
opportunities in the present decade and is expected to give major impulses to technical innovations in
a variety of industrial sectors in the future.
Application nanotechnology in agricultural improvementSAGARDEEP SINHA
What is nanotechnology, how nanoparticles are formed, what are the areas of nanotechnology in agriculture, and how it is different than conventional agriculture, examples, and what are the cons?
Preliminary results on the application of safe(r)-by-design ecotoxicity testing for manufactured silicon nanomaterials. Work was conducted as part of the NanoREG2 research project.
ABSTRACT: The Study was undertaken with an objective to develop a protocol for micropropagation of Pongamia pinnata pierre through shoot apex segments shoot of 0.5 to 1.0 cm were collected and used as a explant. The treatment of 1.0 NaOCl (Sodium hypochloride) (W/v) solution 1 minute to 10 minute time duration. These treated explant washed trice with double distilled water and cultured in MS (Murashige and skoog) medium. In this experiment auxin 2, 4-D, NAA and cytokinin BAP, Kinetin were used for optimization of maximum callus induction.
Shoot apex explant culturing callus induction maximum callus is produced when MS medium with 3.0 mg/l, 2, 4-D and BAP 0.5 mg/l, the optimized physical condition has to be maintain throughout the experiment. In this study about 30 to 35% mature sotmatic embryos germinated after sub culture from shoot apex. Different concentration and combination of NAA, IAA, IBA and BAP were used to inducted rooting on MS based medium. When the hight in vitro shoot, were reached up to 8 cm with healthy shooted roots, the plants were ready for hardening. The complete protocol for somatic embryogenesis, shoot induction, root induction up to hardening.
Application of electrospun nanofibres in food processingsujayasree o.j
Electrospinning is a simple, versatile, and cost-effective technology which generates nano fibers with high surface area to volume ratio.Solution and processing parameters such as viscosity, molecular weight, concentration of the polymer, applied voltage, tip to collector distance, conductivity, etc. significantly affect the fiber morphology and by manipulation of these parameters one can get desired properties for specific application
Spun nano fibers are increasingly being used in a variety of applications such as, tissue engineering scaffolds, wound healing, drug delivery, immobilization of enzymes, as membrane in biosensors, protective clothing, cosmetics, affinity membranes, encapsulation of bioactive component, active packaging, filtration applications etc
Application of Electrospun nanofibresin food industrysujayasree o.j
Electrospinning is a simple, versatile, and cost-effective technology which generates nano fibers with high surface area to volume ratio
Solution and processing parameters such as viscosity, molecular weight, concentration of the polymer, applied voltage, tip to collector distance, conductivity, etc. significantly affect the fiber morphology and by manipulation of these parameters one can get desired properties for specific application
Spun nano fibers are increasingly being used in a variety of applications such as, tissue engineering scaffolds, wound healing, drug delivery, immobilization of enzymes, as membrane in biosensors, protective clothing, cosmetics, affinity membranes, encapsulation of bioactive component, active packaging, filtration applications etc.
Revolutionizing Plant Protection:- Nanotech Innovation for precision insect p...academickushal83
Title: Revolutionizing Plant Protection: Nanotech Innovation for Precision Insect Pest Control in Agriculture
Introduction:
Insect pests threaten global agriculture, necessitating efficient pest management methods. Nanotechnology offers a promising solution by utilizing nanoparticles for precise and eco-friendly pest control.
Understanding Nanotechnology in Agriculture:
Nanotechnology manipulates materials at the nanoscale, offering potential for improving crop production, including pest management, nutrient delivery, and soil health.
Precision Insect Pest Control:
Nanotechnology enables precise targeting of pests while minimizing harm to beneficial organisms. Nanoparticle-based formulations deliver insecticidal compounds with enhanced stability and controlled release.
Biopesticides and Nanotechnology:
Nanotechnology enhances the efficacy of biopesticides by encapsulating them for targeted delivery, reducing off-target effects and environmental impact.
Smart Nanomaterials for Pest Monitoring and Control:
Advanced nanomaterials enable real-time monitoring and targeted pest control through nanosensors and stimuli-responsive properties.
Challenges and Considerations:
Addressing concerns such as nanoparticle toxicity, environmental impact, and regulatory approval is crucial for responsible deployment of nanotechnology in agriculture.
Conclusion:
Nanotechnology offers a transformative approach to insect pest control in agriculture, with potential benefits for ecosystems and human health. Overcoming challenges is essential to harnessing its full potential and ensuring global food security.
Anti-Adhesion and Anti-Biofilm Effectiveness of Disinfectants Used In Hemodia...IJERA Editor
Biofilms are communities of microorganisms attached to a surface and included in an extracellular matrix making it resistant to exogenous deleterious agents. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-adhesive and anti-biofilm effect of five commercials disinfectants having different active principles (hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, isopropyl alcohol and ethanol) on four Staphylococcus strains isolated from hemodialysis unit surfaces. The disinfectants anti-adhesive effect was estimated to an exceeding rate 70% for the various studied dilutions and 90% towards the pure products. Whereas the anti-biofilm effect showed an elimination rate varying between 10 % and 95 % according to the following parameters: active principle, time of contact, concentration and bacterial strain. Our study demonstrated that all tested products have an interesting anti-adhesive effect and that the peroxide of hydrogen is endowed with important anti-biofilm efficiency, followed by the alcoholic products and the sodium hypochlorite.
Current Research on Nano Urea – Problems & ProspectusAkshay Duddumpudi
The world with a huge increasing population and simultaneous degradation of land by various means is facing a huge hazard in the field of agriculture. The new technology to increase the use efficiency of input is the need of the hour to meet the demand of the huge population. Nano urea is a sustainable option for farmers towards smart agriculture. Nano urea is gaining importance in Indian agriculture in increase nutrient use efficiency, increasing crop yields, and reducing excessive use of synthetic fertilizers (Dutta et al., 2021). The quantity of synthetic urea being applied by the farmers to supply nitrogen for the crops can be successfully reduced to 50% by using nano urea. When compared to bulky nitrogenous fertilisers like urea, nano urea is required in small quantities and also easy to store and transport. Farmers can easily carry bottles of nano urea over bulkier urea bags, which have a substantial influence on relative logistics and warehousing costs (Meena and Verma, 2022). Although nano urea have a great advantage, there are considerable limitations to focus. They include lack of better production facilities and risk management system. It is not recommended as basal dose, only foliar spray due to which spraying cost is more than top dressing /broadcasting cost. Mentality/perception of farmers towards new technologies also play a major role. The government’s policies and support for nano fertilizers will alter Indian agriculture and contribute to its long-term viability. This seminar will help us to understand about nano urea, its significance and problems in usage. Being a country of agriculture background, it is our duty to strengthen the spine of our agriculture technologies. Thus technology like nano urea which could increase the production without compromising crop yield, environment aspects etc. should be welcomed by the agriculture community. Despite aiding in sustainable crop production, limitations of nano urea should be carefully considered.
Irrigation solutions in endodontics / certified fixed orthodontic courses ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
applications of nanotechnology (nanoparticles) in food packaging, mainly focusing on enhancement of barrier properties, antimicrobial food packaging, active packaging, quality monitoring through intelligent packaging, etc.
Modern Prospects of Nano science and their advancement in plant disease manag...sunilsuriya1
Standing tall in the face of adversity: Nanotechnology's rise in plant disease management
Plant diseases pose a significant threat to global food security, causing substantial crop losses every year. Traditional methods of disease control, while effective in some cases, often rely on broad-spectrum chemical pesticides that can harm the environment and human health. In recent years, a revolutionary approach has emerged: nanotechnology.
Nanotechnology, the manipulation of materials at the atomic and molecular level, holds immense promise for revolutionizing plant disease management. Its unique properties and potential applications offer exciting possibilities, including:
Targeted delivery: Nanoparticles can be designed to specifically target pathogens, minimizing harm to beneficial organisms and the environment.
Enhanced efficacy: By delivering active ingredients directly to the site of infection, nanoparticles can improve the effectiveness of existing disease control methods.
Reduced environmental impact: Nanotechnology offers opportunities to develop more environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional pesticides.
Early disease detection: Nanosensors can be used to rapidly and accurately detect plant diseases at their earliest stages, allowing for prompt intervention.
This introduction provides a brief overview of the potential of nanotechnology in plant disease management, highlighting its potential to be a game-changer in the fight against food security threats. As research continues to advance, we can expect even more exciting developments in this field, paving the way for a more sustainable and productive future for agriculture.
Nano-coating ,Nano-treatments novel approaches to Extend the post harvest lif...Aisha Kolhar
The seminar that I have shared is Nano coating, nano treatments novel approaches for extending the post harvest life of horticulture produce. An idea how shelf of the fresh produce can be extended.
Similar to Nano pesticide: An Emerging Tool for Pest Magagement (20)
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
2. DOCTORAL SEMINAR
NANOPESTICIDES: AN
EMERGING TOOL FOR PEST
MANAGEMENT
ON
Presented By:
GOLVANKAR GOPAL MARUTI
Ph.D. Scholar
Dept. of Agril. Entomology
Regd. No. ADPD/16/0243
Course No.: ENT – 692
Course Instructor: Dr. A. L. Narangalkar
2
6. Father of Nano technology
Nobel Laureate-1965
Richard Feynman, Physicist
“There’s Plenty of Room
at the Bottom”
- At American Physical Society
meeting at the California Institute of
Technology on Dec-29, 1959.
“Nano-technology’’ - Processing, separation, consolidation and
deformation of materials by one atom or by one molecule.
6
7. Time Line of Nanotechnology
~ 2000
Years Ago
Sulfide nanocrystals used by Greeks and Romans to dye hair
~ 1000
Years Ago
Gold nanoparticles of different sizes used to produce different colors in
stained glass windows
1959 “There is plenty of room at the bottom” by R. Feynman
1974
“Nanotechnology” - Taniguchi uses the term nanotechnology for the
first time
1981 IBM develops Scanning Tunneling Microscope
1985
“Buckyball” - Scientists Robert Curl, Richard Smalley, and Harold
Kroto discover new forms of the element carbon - called fullerenes i.e.
C60
1986
• “Engines of Creation” - First book on nanotechnology by K. Eric
Drexler.
• Atomic Force Microscope invented by Binnig, Quate and Gerbe
1989 IBM logo made with individual atoms
1991 Carbon nanotube discovered by S. Iijima
1999 “Nanomedicine” – 1st nanomedicine book by R. Freitas
2000 “National Nanotechnology Initiative” launched
British Standards Institution (2005) 7
8. METHODS OF NANOPARTICLES PRODUCTION
A) Top Down Apporaoch B) Bottom Up Apporaoch
Royal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering (2004)
13. Nanopesticides
Nano – scale either active ingredients
with a particle size of 100 nm or less.
Formulation of a pesticides:
Nano emulsion
Nano suspension
Nano encapsulation
Nanoparticles
13
15. Nano Emulsion
• Consist of lipid or polymeric vesicles or particles.
• Size 20-200 nm.
• Larger surface area, slower release.
• Non sedimentation or creaming.
15
16. Nano Emulsion
• Anjali et al. (2012) reported from India that the downsizing
of natural neem oil to Nano neem oil emulsion could be
effective as larvicidal agent against Culex quinquefasciatus
Say.
Nano Emulsion
High energy
emulsion
Low energy
emulsion
High pressure
homogenizer
Ultra
Sinification
Self emulsion
Phase
Transition
Phase
Inversion
Klang et al., (2012)
16
17. Nano Suspension
• Submicron colloidal dispersion of pure active
compounds typically range from 50-500 nm.
• Solvent diffusion methods.
• Improvement of efficacy due to higher surface area.
• Higher solubility, higher mobility.
• Induction of systematic activity due to smaller particle
size.
17
18. Nano Encapsulation
• Encapsulation packaging the nano-scale active
ingredient within a kind of tiny “ envelope or shell”
• Nanotechnology enables us to manipulate the properties
of the outer shell of the capsule.
18
20. Nanoparticles
Solid core or matrix, usually composed of metallic atom.
Material used for the fabrication Metal oxide certain and
silicates, magnetic material.
Jayaseelan et al. (2011) from India revealed that the
silver nanoparticles synthesized aqueous leaf extract of
Tinospora cordifolia showed maximum mortality of head louse
Pediculus humanus Linnaeus.
20
24. Treatment
(PPM)
Percentage of larval mortality days after
treatment
3rd 4th 5th
200 10.0 (16.0)b 27.5 (31.4)c 35.0 (36.0)b
300 22.5 (28.2)a 42.5(40.7)b 62.5(52.3)a
400 25.0(29.7)a 55.0 (47.9)ab 72.5 (58.6)a
500 30.0 (33.2)a 57.5 (49.6) a 75.0(60.6)a
Control 0.0 (0.6)c 0.0 (0.6)d 0.0 (0.6)c
SEm ± 2.92 2.87 3.05
CD at 5 % 8.81 8.66 9.20
Table 1. Effect of different concentrations of DNA-tagged with gold
nano particle on 2nd instar Spodoptera litura (Fab.), three,
fourth and fifth days after treatment.
U.A.S. Banglore Chakravarthy et al., (2012)
24
25. 0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
No.offruitflies
catches
No. of Days
ME Alone
ME in Nanogel
Fig. 1. Mean number of the dead fruit flies catches in the Methyl
Eugenol (ME) nanogel and the Methyl Eugenol (ME) alone
(control).
Dept. of Org. Chem., IIS, Bangalore Bhagat Deepa et al. (2013)
25
26. Sr.
No.
Treatment
Conc.
(mg)
Cumulative mortality percentage of
different instars PP
(Days)
AE
(%)
I II III IV V VI
1 F-Bv
1.0 67.0 52.1 40.1 27.2 0.0 0.0 2.0 61.0
0.1 43.0 32.0 17.0 9.1 0.0 0.0 2.1 70.0
0.01 21.0 10.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.4 81.5
0.001 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 92.0
Control 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 100.0
2 CSNp- Bv
1.0 100.0 100.0 76.0 75.0 40.1 24.0 0.5 42.1
0.1 100.0 100.0 60.0 59.4 23.5 11.2 1.2 50.5
0.01 100.0 100.0 41.2 40.0 7.0 3.0 2.0 59.0
0.001 100.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.4 63.0
Control 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 100.0
Table 2. Effect of free beauvericin (F-BV) and chitosan nanoparticles
incorporated beauvericin (CSNp-BV) on Cumulative
mortality percentage, Pupal period and Adult emergence of
Spodoptera litura (Fab.).
Dept. Biotech., Sathyabama Univ., Chennai, Tamil Nadu Bharani et al., (2014)
26
27. Table 3. Indoor test results of controlling the pests of No-nano-
biopesticide and nano-biopesticide.
China Huang et al. (2015)
Contents
No-nano-
biopesticide
Nano-biopesticide
Active ingredients content 40 % 18 %
Dilution ratio of pesticide 800 1500
Control efficiency (average) 56 % 98 %
27
28. 0
56.57 53.71
71.42
87.71 91.71 98.57
0
50
100
150
DW Silica Lambda 500
ppm
NS 200 ppm NS 300 ppm NS 400 ppm NS 500 ppm
Mortality(%)
Wingless
0
48
59.42
66.28
76.85
85.42
93.71
0
20
40
60
80
100
DW Silica Lambda 500
ppm
NS 200 ppm NS 300 ppm NS 400 ppm NS 500 ppm
Mortality(%)
Winged
Pl. Protec. Dept., Fayoum Univ., Giza, Egypt Abd El-Wahab et al. (2016)
Fig. 2. Mortality percentage among the Acrythosipum pisum (Harris) pea aphid species
either wingless (A) or winged (B) tested with faba bean leaves previously
treated with different four hydrophilic nano-silica concentrations since
seeding.
28
29. Test sample
Conc.
mg/ml
Exposure hours and mortality ratio of
S. oryzae Total
Mortality
Mortality
(%)12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96
Aqueous
Extract
1000 - 1 - - - - 1 - 2 20
750 - 1 - - - 1 - - 2 20
500 1 - - - - - 2 1 4 40
250 - 1 - - - - 2 - 3 30
Synthesized
PbNP
100 2 2 4 - - 1 - - 9 90
75 - 2 2 1 2 1 - 1 9 90
50 6 3 1 - - - - - 10 100
25 5 2 1 1 - 1 - - 10 100
Table 4. Insecticidal effect of aqueous extract and synthesized Lead
nanoparticles of Avicinia marina against the adults of
Sitophilus oryzae (Linn.).
Dr. Zakir Husain College, Tamilnadu Sankar, Vijaya and Abideen (2015)
29
30. Fig. 3. Infestation percentages of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) under Green
house (A) and Field (B) conditions on tomato.
11
33
100
Nano
chitosan
Chitosan Control
(A)
Nano
chitosan
Chitosan Control
18
44
100
(B)
Dept. of Pest and Pl. Protec. Cairo, Egypt Sabbour and Solieman (2016)
30
32. Formulation Product name
Manufacture/
Company
Advantage
1. Nanoemulsion Citronella oil
NC, National
Science & Tech
Dvpt.,Agency,
Thailand.
Prolong mosquito
protection time.
Triazophos
Clge. of Chemistry
& Environ.Science,
China
Relatively stable in
acidic and neutral
solutions and easily
hydrolyzed in basic
solution
2. Nanosuspension Novaluran
Makhteshim
chemical works Ltd.,
Israel
Increased
penetration through
the cuticle.
Beta Cypermethrin
College of chemistry
& Mol. Sci., Wuhan
University, China
Faster dissolution
rate
An overview of nano-formulations of insecticide under development
(Gunasekaran, 2011)
32
33. 3.Nanocapsules
Pyrethroid
nanocapsules
Hong Kong
Polytech.
University
Mosquito repellency , quick
knock down and higher
insecticide retention.
Nano imidacloprid
Dept. of Life & Sci.
China.
Prolonged release time
Micro encapsulated
product
Karate® ZEON
(lambda-cyhalothrin)
Syngenta
Quick release, improve
residual function,
protection from UV
Micro encapsulated
product
Gutbuster Syngenta
Open and releases its
contents upon contact with
alkaline environments
(stomach)
Micro encapsulated
product
Demand 2.5 CS
(γ-cyhalothrin)
Syngenta
Rapid knock down effect.
Excellent residual action,
mixes quickly and easily
Micro encapsulated
product
ICONET
(γ-cyhalothrin) 2.5 CS
Syngenta
Long lasting effect,
mosquito repellency
33
34. 4.Nanoparticles
PEG coated
Nanoparticles
Loaded with Garlic
Essential Oil
Huazhong
Agricultural
University, Wuhan.
Slow and persistent
release of the active
components
Bifenthrin
Princeton University,
Guangzhou, China
Higher efficiency,
better uniformity of
coverage for highly
active compounds and
less exposure to
workers
Avermectin
Beijing University of
Chem. Tech, China.
Slow release of active
ingredients, UV
protectant.
Sugar coated novel
particle
(Biopesticides)
The University of
Queensland (UQ) &
the Queensland
Australia.
Protects the particle’s
active ingredients from
environmental and
photo-degradation
34
35. Conclusion
Nanopesticide is an important tool for pest management.
Nanotechnology can provide green and eco-friendly alternatives for
insect pest management without harming the nature by using nano-
biopesticides.
Present review clear that use of nanopesticides for managing noxious
pests in field as well as storage conditions and public health.
It helps to reduce waste of pesticides, environmental pollution and
increase stability, efficiency etc.
For management of fruit flies in fruit crops use of Nanogel Methyl
Eugenol is also useful in rainy and summer season for long lasting
effect. 35
36. 1. Green chemistry and environmental sustainability can be
more effectively exploited if the same pesticides re-
formulated as nano formulations.
2. Process development for scaling up of nanopesticide is
essential for taking this technology to the commercial level.
3. Comparison of nano-formulation activity with pre-existing
commercial product at field level to determine practical
utility.
4. Environmental impact assessment of nanopesticide to
determine toxicity level.
Future thrust
36
