The document presents a seminar on nano generators, particularly focusing on piezoelectric transducers which convert mechanical energy into electrical energy using zinc oxide nanowires. It discusses the components, working principles, types, and applications of nanogenerators, including their potential to harness energy from various sources like wind and human motion. Limitations such as the uniformity of nanowires and their lifespan are also mentioned.

1. SAI SPURTHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(An ISO 9001:2011 Certified Institution & Accredited by NAAC-UGC)
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICALAND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
NANO GENERATOR
TECHNICAL SEMINAR
ON
PRESENTED BY:
V.RAMESH (12C51A0242)
INCHARGE:
A.GOPI M.TECH(PE)

2. Contents
• Introduction
• Piezo electric transducer(nanogenerator)
• Inside a nanogenerator
• Working principle
• Types of nanogenerators
• Sources which nanogenerator can exploit
• Applications
• Limitations

3. Introduction

4. Developers of Nanogenerators
Dr. Zhong Lin (Z.L.) Wang and his colleagues at Georgia Institute of Technology,
Georgia State, USA have made significant leaps in developing nanogenerators
over the last decade.

5. Piezoelectric Transducer
• Ability to create electrical potential when compressed,
expanded or changed in shape (Mechanical energy to
Electrical energy).
• The voltage generated can be quiet high.
• Made up of piezoelectric
crystals like quartz and
topaz.
• Unaffected by external
electromagnetic fields.
• Can be used both as
generators and actuators.

6. A Nano Scale Piezoelectric Transducer
(Nanogenerator)
• Harnesses the body's energy.
• Made of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) wires called Nanowires.
• Produces 45 millivolts whenever the zinc wire is pulled
back and forth.
• With simultaneous output from many nanowires, we
can generate high
power.
• The wires have a
diameter of 100 to
300 nm and length of
about 10 to 100
micron.

7. Inside A Nanogenerator
• Consists of an integrated
circuit.
• Components are made from
ITO (Indium tin oxide) and a
piezoelectric ceramic.
• Nanowire bends and generates
an electrical charge.
• ITO electrode captures that
charge.
• Several electrodes capture
power from millions of
nanowires.

8. Inside A Nanogenerator
• Piezoelectric effect creates
an electrical field inside the
nanostructure.
• Relative displacement of
cations with respect to
anions in its crystalline
structure.
Potential distribution for a ZnO NW at
a lateral bending force of 80
nanonewtons is shown.

9. How it works?
• Working principle of
Nanogenerator where
an individual nanowire
is subjected to the force
exerted perpendicular
to the growing direction
of nanowire.

10. • The working principle of Nanogenerator will be explained for
the force exerted perpendicular to the nanowire.
• The piezoelectric effect will create the electrical field inside
the nano structure; the stretched part with the positive strain
will exhibit the positive electrical potential, whereas the
compressed part with the negative strain will show the
negative electrical potential.

11. Working Principle
• Generates DC

12. Working Principle
• Generates AC

13. Types of Nanogenerators
* Nano composite Electrical
Generators (NEG).3

14. 1. Vertical nanowire Integrated Nanogenerator
(VING)
• 3 parts :
a. base electrode,
b. vertical piezoelectric
nanostructure, &
c. counter electrode.
• Nanowires grown from
the base electrode to
the counter electrode.
• Counter electrode
motion induces the
deformation of the
nanowire.

15. 2. Lateral nanowire Integrated Nanogenerator
(LING)
• 3 parts :
a. base electrode,
b. lateral piezoelectric nanostructure, &
c. counter electrode.
• Integrated on a
flexible substrate.
• Individual
NW is subjected to
high tensile strain.
• Allows for
amplification by
series connection
of units.

16. 3.Nanocomposite Electrical Generators (NEG)
• It has a 3-main parts.
a) metal plate electrodes,
b) vertically grown
piezoelectric nano
structure,
c) polymer matrix which
fills in between in the
piezoelectric nano
structure.
• It has a higher
efficiency compared to
original nanogenerator
configuration

17. Sources which Nanogenerators can exploit
• For Large scale applications (from wherever periodic
kinetic energy exists) :
1. Wind,
2. Ocean Waves.
• Small scale applications :
1. Tiny physical motion,
2. Inhalation of lung,
3. Heartbeat,
4. Muscle movement,
i.e. Any kind of movement!!

18. Understanding from video
• Self-powered Thin Film Nanogenerator by Finger

19. Applications
• Powering conventional electronics :
1. Light Emitting Diode (LED),
2. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), and
3. Laser Diode.
• To power your personal gadgets
and phones.
• Self-powered nano/micro
devices.
• Smart Wearable Systems.

20. Applications
• Smart Wearable Systems
Power shoes A power shirt

21. Limitations
• Uniformity of nano wires.
• Life time.

22. THANK YOU