A powerpoint on the traditional and popular music of Southeast Asia, used in conjunction with the New Brunswick World Music 120 Curriculum.

1. World Music Music of Southeast Asia

2. Countries of Southeast Asia Bangladesh China Japan Cambodia Indonesia Malaysia Nepal Pakistan The Phillippines Singapore Sri Lanka Taiwan Thailand Vietnam

3. Role of music in Asian culture Music in these cultures differ from country to country Role of music is similar in many areas Court music Social music Music a highly respected art form Folk music  communication Court music  status; worship Music for entertainment Theatre Pop

4. Influences on Music Geographic location and surroundings Vegetation Natural beauty of the continent Respect for and worship of nature Naturally occurring resources Iron, bronze Wood, bamboo Religion Sacred music Music for worship considered the highest form of art

5. Court Music Music that would have been played (and in some regions, still is) in the courts of noble families Formal but with some elements of folk music Denotes status Of those who are being performed for Of the musicians invited to perform Varies from country to country based on language and instrumentation Many different versions of one instrument in a variety of countries http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qcyB3Q3LJm8 (Vietnamese court music played on Zither)

6. Orchestral Court Music in China

7. Folk Music Indigenous to each country Influences of neighbouring countries Depends on location in comparison to border of country Depends on type of terrain – folk music will be less permeated by other cultures if it is located in a mountaneous region Instrumental Some vocal Instrumental ensembles Gamelan orchestras Kulintang orchestras Can be politically-oriented, but not in the same way that North American music is

8. Theatre/Opera Many countries have their own versions of opera and musical theatre Music, dance, acrobatics, acting Style of singing radically different from Western opera/musical theatre Symbolic movement, staging, sound and sets used in favour over realistic staging and movement Traditional storylines include fables, folklore or historical tales This repertoire has expanded over time in some countries to include modern, real-life events http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jC6Ecc1LztY

9. Instruments in Southeast Asian music String instruments Zither (17 strings) Harp Lute Fiddle Metal instruments struck by mallets Gong Gangsa/Saron Pat waing/Godang Instruments with keys Bagpipes Khene Flutes Bamboo Metal

11. China One of the world’s oldest and mostpowerful civilizations PRC – ROC (2 entities in China) Music and the arts a long-standing tradition in China Traditional and popular music make up the bulk of China’s musical output Genres of music: Classical Folk Varies from region to region in terms of instrumentation and style Size of China makes differences in folk music more noticeable than in small European countries Sacred (Tibetan Buddhist monks use chant) Popular

13. Malaysia Separated in two by the sea Official language: Bahasa Malaysia English a commonly-spoken second language Over 100 other languages and dialects spoken Chinese and Indian influence  trading Multicultural and multi-ethnicity Effects heard in music and seen in visual art Effects also heard in language and politics

15. Indonesia Hugely populated country (240 million people!) Bordered by Malaysia, East Timor and Papa New Guinea Highly protective of their language, religion and culture Indonesia is an important trade area – more susceptible to “cultural pollution” Political disputes with Malaysia concerning language and national anthems Sports: badminton, soccer. Lively traditional and popular music scene Notable instruments: gamelan orchestras

16. Gamelan Orchestra

18. Thailand Centrally located Southeastern country Bordered by Burma, Laos, Cambodia and water Languages spoken are primarily Thai with some Chinese and Malaysian Country of periodic political unsettlement, most recently this spring Well-known for its Thai food Though never colonialized, there is much European influence on Thai pop music Chinese, Indian , Burmese and Cambodian influence on music Small pockets of ethnic minorities retain their traditional music

19. Bangkok, Thailand at Night