This document discusses several common musculoskeletal disorders: - Shoulder problems like pain are frequently caused by tendinitis, which is inflammation of the rotator cuff or biceps tendon, or shoulder impingement syndrome where the rotator cuff tendons are irritated as they pass through the subacromial space. - Other issues mentioned include SLAP tears of the shoulder labrum, snapping hip syndrome, spinal decompression to relieve pinched nerves, spinal enthesopathy affecting the spine, and spondyloarthropathy which refers to any joint disease of the vertebral column.

1. MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS

2. Shoulder problems including pain, are one of the more common
reasons for physician visits for musculoskeletal symptoms. The
shoulder is the most movable joint in the body. However, it is an
unstable joint because of the range of motion allowed. This instability
increases the likelihood of joint injury, often leading to a degenerative
process in which tissues break down and no longer function well.

3. Tendinitis is inflammation (redness, soreness, and swelling) of a
tendon. In tendinitis of the shoulder, the rotator cuff and/or biceps
tendon become inflamed, usually as a result of being pinched by
surrounding structures.

4. Bursitis is the inflammation of one or more bursae (small sacs) of synovial
fluid in the body. They are lined with a synovial membrane that secretes a
lubricating synovial fluid.

5. Shoulder impingement syndrome, also called subacromial impingement,
painful arc syndrome,supraspinatus syndrome, swimmer's shoulder,
and thrower's shoulder, is a clinical syndrome which occurs when the
tendons of the rotator cuff muscles become irritated and inflamed as they
pass through the subacromial space, the passage beneath the acromion.
This can result in pain, weakness and loss of movement at the shoulder.

6. SLAP (superior labrum anterior to posterior) tear occurs when the
cartilage of the shoulder (labrum) delaminates from glenoid. This causes an
instability of the shoulder, typically in overhead movements.

7. Snapping hip syndrome (also referred to as coxa saltans, iliopsoas
tendinitis or dancer's hip) is a medical condition characterized by a
snapping sensation felt when the hip is flexed and extended. This may be
accompanied by an audible snapping or popping noise and pain or
discomfort.

8. Spinal decompression is the relief of pressure on one or many pinched
nerves (neural impingement) of the spinal column.

9. Spinal enthesopathy is a form of enthesopathy affecting the spine.

10. Spondyloarthropathy or spondyloarthrosis refers to any joint disease of
the vertebral column. As such, it is a class or category of diseases rather
than a single, specific entity. It differs from spondylopathy, which is a
disease of the vertebra itself. However, many conditions involve both
spondylopathy and spondyloarthropathy.

11. Sternal clefts are rare congenital malformations that result from
defective embryologic fusion of paired mesodermal bands in the
ventral midline.