Multiculturalism refers to cultural diversity within a society where multiple groups maintain distinctive cultural beliefs and identities. It emerged from black consciousness movements in the 1960s and has been aided by post-WWII migration trends. It is mainly practiced in countries like the US, Canada, Germany, and India. The principles of multiculturalism include politics of recognition, culture and identity, minority rights, and celebrating diversity. While it aims to reduce discrimination, some argue it can threaten national identity and unity.