Mrs Abrey Lesson 6 transport systems in plants
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The document discusses the two main transport systems in plants - the xylem and phloem. The xylem transports water and mineral ions throughout the plant and has dead hollow tube-like cells. The phloem transports sugars and uses them for energy, and has living cells. Students will learn about and observe these transport systems under microscopes by examining celery cross-sections and leaf vascular bundles. The importance of these transport systems is emphasized, such as how trees can die if gnawed since it disrupts the transport of water and nutrients.
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Translocation is the transport of organic solutes like sugars from leaves (the source) to other plant parts (the sinks) through the phloem. Several experiments provide evidence that phloem is the pathway for translocation, including the structure of phloem, ringing experiments, chemical analysis showing high sugar concentrations in phloem sap, and the use of radioactive tracers. The pressure flow hypothesis proposes that solutes move passively through the pressurized phloem network in response to pressure gradients from sources to sinks.
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1. Manufactured food in plants is transported from leaves to other parts of the plant through phloem tissue.
2. Photosynthesis produces sugars in the leaves which are then transferred to "sinks" like roots, stems, and storage sites through a process called translocation.
3. Translocation occurs when water potential differences cause sap containing sugars to flow from "sources" like leaves to sinks throughout the plant.
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Job description: Form a protective bi-layer around the cell to regulate what comes in and out. Use hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails to create a selective barrier.
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Water's polarity allows it to form hydrogen bonds, giving it important properties for cellular transport. Hydrogen bonding gives water cohesion, adhesion, and a high heat capacity, maintaining homeostasis. The cell membrane is selectively permeable like a screen, allowing passive diffusion of some substances but requiring active transport powered by ATP for others. Active transport pumps like sodium-potassium pumps and endocytosis/exocytosis move substances against gradients.
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The document discusses the process of translocation in plants. Translocation is the movement of organic solutes like sucrose from sources to sinks through the phloem. Sucrose is actively loaded into the sieve tube cells of the phloem at the source through a co-transport process powered by ATP. The sucrose solution creates a hydrostatic pressure that drives mass flow through the phloem towards sinks like roots and fruits. Evidence for the mass flow model includes tracer experiments showing the movement of radioactive sucrose through the plant.
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The document discusses cells, their structure and function. It explains that cells are the basic unit of life and consist of a nucleus, cytoplasm, organelles, and a plasma membrane. The key components and functions of plant and animal cells are described. Specialized cell types are adapted to their specific functions through differences in shape, structures, and components. Cells combine to form tissues, organs and organ systems that work together to carry out essential life functions.
cellular transport.pdf
The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell through selective permeability. Small, uncharged molecules can pass through the phospholipid bilayer via diffusion. Larger or charged molecules require transport proteins to cross via facilitated diffusion. Water moves in and out of cells through osmosis in order to balance solute concentrations; it will diffuse into areas of higher solute concentration. The membrane also uses active transport and bulk transport like exocytosis and endocytosis to move molecules against gradients or transport larger particles, requiring energy in the form of ATP.
cell structure and function first lecture.pptx
This document provides information about cell structure and function, including differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and organelles, while eukaryotic cells possess a nucleus surrounded by a membrane as well as various membrane-bound organelles. The document then describes several key organelles in eukaryotic cells and their functions, such as the nucleus which houses DNA, endoplasmic reticulum which helps transport substances, and mitochondria and chloroplasts which generate energy for the cell. It provides an overview of the basic components and workings of plant and animal cells.
Sub 1[1].1 form 5
This document outlines the topics and subtopics covered in Biology Form 5, including the circulatory system, blood clotting, lymphatic system, transport of substances in plants, and the importance of transport systems in multicellular organisms. It provides learning outcomes, explanations of content, and an example experiment on determining the relationship between total surface area to volume ratio and the rate of diffusion in potato cubes. The document contains instructional content, examples, diagrams, and exercises for students.
pholoem loading.ppt
This document discusses phloem transport in plants. It explains that phloem transports photosynthates like sugars and other organic compounds from source to sink tissues. The main sugar transported is sucrose, which is non-reducing. Phloem contains specialized living cells called sieve elements and companion cells that form continuous tubes for transport. Sugars are loaded into and unloaded out of these cells via pressure flow. In sources, sugar loading creates pressure that drives bulk flow through the phloem to sinks where sugars are unloaded, reducing pressure.
Cells and organisation of body
This document provides an overview of cell structure and function. It discusses the main components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including the plasma membrane, nucleus, endomembrane system, cytoskeleton, and organelles. The endomembrane system, including the ER, Golgi apparatus and vesicles, is described in detail regarding its role in modifying and transporting proteins and lipids within the cell. Various transport mechanisms, such as passive transport, active transport, endocytosis and exocytosis are also summarized.
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cell-structure and cell line come from an dtype of cell
cell-structure and cell line come from an dtype of cell
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Mrs Abrey BL3 Test 2 transporting materials
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Mrs Abrey Lesson 6 transport systems in plants
- 1. Where am I going? • The following are all transported around the plant where do they start off and where do they end? Glucose Water Mg ions Nitrates What are they needed for?
- 2. Transport systems in plants Lesson objectives • All will be able to name the transport systems in plants • Most will be able to describe the materials which are moved in the transport systems • Some will be able to explain the importance of the transport systems in plant
- 3. Transport systems in plants • There are two main transport systems in a plant: – xylem – phloem
- 4. Transport systems in plants • Xylem – Transports water and mineral ions – Dead cells – Long hollow tube like vessels
- 5. Transport systems in plants • Phloem – Transports sugars – Living cells – Sugar then used for…
- 6. Transport systems in plants • Cut thin slices of celery and look at the xylem cells • Use the microscopes to look at leaf cross sections • Carefully draw the vascular bundle • Label the xylem and phloem • Annotate with function
- 7. Transport systems in plants • Look where the tree has its phloem and xylem – why to tress often die when they are gnawed by animals?
- 8. 1. What makes active transport different to diffusion? 2. What is the formula for glucose? 3. How does a plant leaf maximise diffusion? 4. How does a plant leaf maximise surface area? 5. Where does photosynthesis take place? 6. Which transport system transports sugar? 7. Where is glucose made in a plant? 8. What conditions increase transpiration rates? 9. Which transport mechanism results in movement of water from the soil into the roots? 10. What starts the process off transpiration in a plant?