PPT leson about the motivatins for european exploration.

1. MOTIVES FOR
EUROPEAN
EXPLORATION AND
COLONIZATION
“Exploring North America”

2. Causes of the Colonization &
Exploration era
Protestant
Reformation
Search for the
Northwest
Passage
Early Trading Activities
driven by Mercantilism

3. Protestant Reformation
 What was the Protestant
Reformation?
 A Christian reform movement
 started by a priest, Martin
Luther
 Originally intended to reform
the Catholic Church
 Ultimately resulted in
Protestantism, which became
a separate branch of
Christianity

4. Motive #1: Protestant
Reformation
 Many Protestants (non-Catholics) sought
religious freedom in North America.

5. Martin Luther nailing his 95 Theses on the
door of the church

6. Protestant Reformation
 England became a Protestant
nation when King Henry VIII, the
King of England, declared
himself the head of the Church
of England, also known as the
Anglican Church.
 This split was for personal, not
religious reasons.

7. Protestant Reformation
 England persecuted,
or harshly treated,
those who didn’t
conform with the
church of England.
 Dutch and English
Protestant dissenters
immigrated to North
America to practice
their religion freely.

8. Motive #2: Searching for the Northwest
Passage
 European countries wanted to trade with Asia.
 Water travel was faster than land travel.
 It took too long to sail around the tip of Africa
or South America.
 Europeans needed a western route to Asia
that cut through North America

10. Northwest Passage
Why were Europeans interested in Asia?
•
What were explorers searching for in their
exploration of North America’s coast?
•
Why were explorers searching for this?
•

11. Northwest Passage
Why were Europeans interested in Asia?
• TRADE
What were explorers searching for in their
exploration of North America’s coast?
•
Why were explorers searching for this?
•

12. Northwest Passage
Why were Europeans interested in Asia?
• TRADE
What were explorers searching for in their
exploration of North America’s coast?
• A NORTHWEST PASSAGE
Why were explorers searching for this?
•

13. Northwest Passage
Why were Europeans interested in Asia?
• TRADE
What were explorers searching for in their
exploration of North America’s coast?
• A NORTHWEST PASSAGE
Why were explorers searching for this?
• EUROPEAN NATIONS WANTED A QUICKER TRADE ROUTE
TO ASIA

14. Mercantilism
What is mercantilism?
The economic theory
that a nation’s power
was based on its wealth

16. Mercantilism = Economic
Rivalry
 What fueled the competition?
$$$ from fishing and
fur trading
American land
and resources Competing
for power at
home in
Europe

17. The Race to Claim America
 After Christopher Columbus’ discoveries in
America, other European countries began
racing west to claim land.

18. The Columbian Exchange
 exchange of goods, ideas, diseases and
people between Europe and the Americas
This was the most
NEGATIVE effect
of the Columbian
Exchange. Millions
of Native
Americans with no
immunity to
European diseases
died.

19. Hernando De Soto
 Spanish
 Sent by King Charles V of Spain to conquer
Florida (most of the southeastern mainland)
and search for gold.
 Results
 Explored Florida  crossed the Mississippi River
 explored areas of Arkansas
 Never found gold
 Took advantage of Native Americans

20. Jacques Cartier
 French
 Wanted to find gold and the
Northwest Passage to Asia
 Results
 Claimed the St. Lawrence River for France
 Founded Montreal
 Never found gold
 Never found the Northwest Passage

21. Samuel De Champlain
 French
 Sent to establish a fur trading post and
settlement in Quebec
 Results
 Established New France (earned nickname
“Father of New France”)
 Founded Quebec- first permanent
French settlement in North America
 Developed French fur trade
with Indians

22. Robert La Salle
 French
 Wanted to reach the Gulf of Mexico by
traveling down the Mississippi River
 Results
 Reached the Gulf of Mexico and claimed the
entire Mississippi River Valley for France

23. John Cabot
 Sent by England
 Searched for the Northwest Passage
 Results
 Never found the Northwest Passage
 Claimed New Foundland (in Canada) for England

24. Henry Hudson
 English
 Searched for the Northwest Passage TWICE
 Sent by Dutch… turned around.
 Sent by English
 Results
 Discovered the Hudson River
and Hudson Bay

25. Sir Walter Raleigh
 English
 Sent by Queen Elizabeth to claim land for
England in North America
 Results
 Claimed land from present-day North Carolina to
Maine and named it Virginia, in honor of Queen
Elizabeth.
 Sent 100 people to settle at Roanoke Island
off North Carolina, but colony disappeared
by 1591.

27. How did England become powerful enough
to claim the thirteen colonies?
 By defeating the Spanish Armada in 1588!
 Major turning point in history
 Spain’s power declined and England ruled the
seas.
 England’s colonial
empire grew.

28. Objectives:
 8.2A Identify reasons for European exploration
and colonization of North America
 What are the three reasons for European
Colonization and Exploration?
 Which explorers claimed land for England?

29. Objectives:
 8.2A Identify reasons for European exploration
and colonization of North America
 What are the three reasons for European
Colonization and Exploration?
 Protestant Reformation
 Search for the Northwest Passage
 Economic reasons – Mercantilism
 Which explorers claimed land for England?

30. Objectives:
 8.2A Identify reasons for European exploration
and colonization of North America
 What are the three reasons for European
Colonization and Exploration?
 Protestant Reformation
 Search for the Northwest Passage
 Economic reasons – Mercantilism
 Which explorers claimed land for England?
 John Cabot, Henry Hudson and Sir Walter
Raleigh