This document summarizes key concepts in morphology. It begins with definitions of morphology and morpheme. It then discusses the different types of morphemes - free morphemes, which can stand alone as words, and bound morphemes, which cannot. The document also covers different types of bound morphemes and provides examples of affixes. It explains concepts like assimilation, dissimilation, epenthesis, metathesis, and language variation. Examples are given for each concept and they are defined in 1-3 sentences.

1. MORPHOLOGY
GROUP 4

2. GROUP MEMBERS
Muhammad
Aldo
group leader
as a presenter
Aisyah Shafira
Birliani Gumai
Moderator
as a director
Sari
Agustina
Molina Syada
Putri
Putri Ayu
Ulina
Disca Intan
Fredisa
Nabila Sherli
Ananda
Herlyza
Marcella
as a presenter
as a presenter
as a presenter
as a presenter as a presenter
as a presenter

3. Q And A
Definition
Morphology
Dissimilation
01
05
Affix
language
variation
03
07
Assimilation
04
08
Morpheme
epenthesis &
Metathesis
02
06
TABLE OF
CONTENTS

4. Morpology is the study of
word formation and the
rules of word formation in
language.
DEFINITION
MORPHOLOGY

5. is a word-forming element
morphemes are of 2 types :
1. free morpheme
2. bound morphemes
DEFINITION
MORPHEME

6. Free Morphemes
is a word that can stand alone
in free morphome there are 2 types
1, open class 2. closed class
is a content word is a less specific meaning
these types of words include: the types of words include:
> noun > adjective > prep > pronoun
> verbs > adverb > conj > auxiliary
FREE MORPHEMES
AND
BOUND MORPHEMES

7. Gempa Linear
3 Affixes
Can't Stand Alone
Suffix
BOUND MORPHEMES
Suffix
2 Type Of Bound
Morpheme
Derivational
Inflectional
The Words typically have one
core meaning called the ROOT
and various bound modifiers
to the root called AFFIXES.

8. DERIVATIONAL
INFLECTIONAL
TYPE OF
BOUND MORPHEMES
This type of Morpheme
changes the meaning of
the word
or the part of speech.
This type of Morpheme
often create new
forms of the same
word.
Prefix :
Un--, Pre--, In--, Dis--,
En--, Mis--,Non--, Sub--,
Inter--
Suffix :
--ion, --ful, --ly, --ify,
--able, --al, --ment, --
ive, --less
•1) On Verbs
2) On Nouns
3) On Adjectives

9. uneventful
What is root word?
Underwater
1
2
3
AFFIXES
what is called an affix?
what is compound?
-un -event -ful
under + water

10. What is assimilation?
• a sound changes to
become more similar to a
following sound.
ASSIMILATION

11. WITHIN A WORD
BETWEEN WORDS
WHERE CAN IT
OCCUR?
e.g
'handbag'
e.g.
' I live in Barcelona.'
.... in Madrid
.... in Paris
/hænd.bæg/➡/hæm.bæg/
1. /d/ is dropped
the 'd' in hand is dropped
2. /m/&/b/ are produced in a
similar way
'what a lovely handbag'
/in ba:.sǝ lǝʊ.nǝ/
•between words: n➡m before b, m, p
• between words: n➡ŋ before k & g
e.g.
'There were ten kings.'
... ten girls.'
• /n/ changes to /m/
n changes to m before b
but also: before m&p
• n changes to ŋ before k
but also: before g
/teŋ kinz/

12. Assimilation Between Words: s
Assimilation Between Words: t
Assimilation Between Words: th
Assimilation Between Words: sh
Assimilation Between Words: d3
Ex: Gentle, Agenda,and Schedule
Ex: Take, Time, and Teacher
Ex: Say, Summer,Sound,
and Set Ex: Mother, Bath, and Thank
Ex: She, Short, and Shoulder
EXAMPLE OF HOW TO SAY ASSIMILATION:

13. DISSIMILATION
Dissimilation is a phonetic phenomenon where two
sounds in a word become less similar or different
to facilitate pronunciation.
Example of Dissimilation : "unhappy”
"impossible”

14. Impossible
Unhappy
EXAMPLE OF DISASSIMILATION Original: Consists "un-" (meaning "not")
and "happy" (meaning "joyful").
Disassimilation: [n] in "un-" changes to
[m] to ease pronunciation with [h].
Result: Pronounced as "ʌnˈ
hæpi" (with [m]),
not "ʌnˈ
næpi" (with [n]).
Original: Consists of "im-" (meaning "not")
and "possible" (meaning "achievable").
Disassimilation: [n] in "im-" changes to [m]
to facilitate pronunciation with [p].
Result: Pronounced as "ɪmˈ
pɒsɪbl̩" (with [m]), not
"ɪnˈ
pɒsɪbl̩" (with [n]).

15. Metathesis
Epenthesis
EPENTHESIS & METATHESIS
IN LANGUAGE Epenthesis is a morphological
and phonetic phenomenon in
which a sound or sounds are
inserted into a word to
facilitate pronunciation or
form a new word.
Metathesis is a
morphological and phonetic
phenomenon in which the
order of sounds or letters
in a word is changed.

16. LANGUAGE
VARIATION
IS THE PHENOMENON IN WHICH A LANGUAGE
EXPERIENCES DIFFERENCES IN
PRONUNCIATION, GRAMMAR, VOCABULARY, OR
ACCENT BASED ON FACTORS SUCH AS
GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION, CULTURE, OR
SOCIAL GROUP.
.
Examples of Language Variation:
- Regional Dialects
- Sociolect
- Accents

17. THANK YOU
Any Questions?