The document discusses several key concepts in physical science including density, viscosity, conductivity, buoyancy, states of matter, and phase change. It defines density as mass over volume and explains how to measure the density of irregular objects using water displacement. Viscosity is defined as the resistance to flow, with thicker liquids exhibiting slower movement. Conductivity refers to the movement of heat or electricity through a substance, with NaCl and nails conducting due to metal atoms. Buoyancy allows objects to float based on their volume in a fluid. The three states of matter - solid, liquid, and gas - are defined by their distinctive properties. Phase changes from solid to liquid to gas occur at specific temperatures and involve physical not chemical changes to the substance

2. Density
 The liquids remain in separate
layers because they have
different densities.
 As the BB moved through the
layers, it slows down
 D = M /V
 V = M / D
 M = D xV
 To measure the density of an
irregular object, use water
displacement.

3. Viscosity
 The steel ball moves through
the “thicker” liquids slower.
 Viscosity is the resistance to
flow.

4. Conductivity
 Conductivity – the movement
of heat or electricityTHROUGH
as substance.
 NaCl and the nail conduct
electricity because they contain
metal atoms.

5. Buoyancy
 Buoyancy is the ability to float
in a fluid.
 The larger theVOLUME, the
more pennies it will hold.
 A large ship may be “heavy”,
but if it’s spread out over a
large volume, it will float.

6. States of Matter
 Three states of matter: solid,
liquid, and gas.
 Solids have definite shape and
definite volume.
 Liquids flow, have indefinite
shape, and definite volume.
 Gases flow, have indefinite
shape, and indefinite volume.

7. Phase Change
 As the ice melts, the temperature of the water stays
the same.
 As the water boils, the temperature of the water stays
the same.
 Energy added or taken away determines whether a
substance, melts, freezes, boils, or condenses.
 Change in state is a physical change because there is
no change in the composition of the substance.