The document discusses several famous world monuments including the Kaaba, Taj Mahal, Egyptian pyramids, Great Wall of China, and Statue of Liberty. It provides basic background information on each monument, describing them as some of the oldest and most famous cultural landmarks in the world. The Kaaba is the most sacred site in Islam located in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. The Taj Mahal in Agra, India is a white marble mausoleum built by Shah Jahan in memory of his wife. The Egyptian pyramids such as the Pyramid of Djoser are among the earliest structures built. The Great Wall of China was constructed starting in the 7th century BC as a series of fortifications.

1. Made by : parneet singh
Class : seventh (a)
Subject : social studies
Roll no : 17

2. monuments
 A monument is a type of structure that
was explicitly created to commemorate a
person or important event, or which has
become important to a social group as a
part of their remembrance of historic
times or cultural heritage, or as an
example of historic architecture. The
term 'monument' is often applied to
buildings or structures that are
considered examples of important
architectural and/or cultural heritage.[1]

3. Some famous monuments
The Kaaba (Masjid al-Haram) is a cuboid-shaped
building in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, and is the most
sacred site in Islam, oldest and top the most Famous
Cultural monuments in the world. The Quran states
that the Kaaba was constructed by Abraham (Ibrahim
in Arabic), and his son Ishmael (Ismaeel in Arabic),
after the latter had settled in Arabia. The building has
a mosque built around it, the Masjid al-Haram. All
Muslims around the world face the Kaaba during
prayers, no matter where they are. This is called facing
the Qiblah.
One of the Five Pillars of Islam requires every Muslim
to perform the Hajj pilgrimage at least once in his or
her lifetime if able to do so. Multiple parts of the Hajj
require pilgrims to walk seven times around the Kaaba
in a counter-clockwise direction (as viewed from
above). This circumambulation, the Tawaf, is also
performed by pilgrims during the Umrah (lesser
pilgrimage). However, the most dramatic times are
during the Hajj, when about 6 million pilgrims gather
to circle the building on the same day.

4. The taj mahal
 Taj Mahal “crown of palaces”, world heritage site is a white
marble mausoleum located in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India,
seen from the banks of Yamuna river, with Mihman Khana
or assembly hall (left) and Taj Mahal mosque (right), the
two almost identical buildings on either side. It was built
by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his third
wife, Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal is widely recognized as
“the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the universally
admired masterpieces of the world’s heritage.It coveres area
about 221 hectare (552 Acres) which include 38 hectare taj
mahal and 183 hectare taj protected forest are. This world’s
most Famous Cultural Monuments is also one of
the wonders of the world.

5. Egyptian pyramids
There are 138 pyramids discovered in
Egypt as of 2008. Most were built as tombs
for the country’s Pharaohs and their consorts
during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods.
These are some of oldest Famous Cultural
Monuments.
The earliest known Egyptian pyramids are
found at Saqqara, northwest of Memphis. The
earliest among these is the Pyramid of Djoser
(constructed 2630 BCE–2611 BCE) which
was built during the third dynasty. This
pyramid and its surrounding complex were
designed by the architect Imhotep, and are
generally considered to be the world’s oldest
monumental structures constructed of
dressed masonry.

6. The great wall of china
The Great Wall of China is a series of
fortifications made of stone, brick, tamped earth,
wood, and other materials, generally built along an
east-to-west line across the historical northern
borders of China in part to protect the Chinese
Empire or its prototypical states against intrusions
by various nomadic groups or military incursions
by various warlike peoples or forces. Several walls
were being built as early as the 7th century BC;
these, later joined together and made bigger,
stronger, and unified are now collectively referred
to as the Great Wall. Especially famous is the wall
built between 220–206 BC by the first Emperor of
China, Qin Shi Huang. Little of that wall remains.
Since then, the Great Wall has on and off been
rebuilt, maintained, enhanced; the majority of the
existing wall was reconstructed during the Ming
Dynasty. One of the most Famous Cultural
Monuments and Wonders of the world.

7. the statue of liberty
The Statue of Liberty
Enlightening the World was a gift
of friendship from the people of
France to the people of the
United States and is a universal
symbol of freedom and
democracy. The Statue of Liberty
was dedicated on October 28,
1886, designated as a National
Monument in 1924 and restored
for her centennial on July 4,
1986.