The document summarizes the Monagas dynasty period in Venezuela from 1848 to 1858. During this time, brothers José Tadeo Monagas and José Gregorio Monagas ruled as authoritarian leaders, concentrating power among their family and friends. Their rule was characterized by nepotism, disregard for laws and the constitution, and persecution of political opponents. This period of monopoly ended when José Tadeo Monagas was overthrown in a rebellion led by Julian Castro in 1858.

1. Unit 4:Unit 4:
From Paez To MonagasFrom Paez To Monagas
By: Edgar Gomez and Antonio MoralesBy: Edgar Gomez and Antonio Morales

2. Monagas DynastyMonagas Dynasty

3. 3
The Monagato 1848-1858The Monagato 1848-1858
 During elections, Liberals & Conservatives clashed inDuring elections, Liberals & Conservatives clashed in
the middle of a peasant insurrection.the middle of a peasant insurrection.
 The Paecistas supported the candidacy of RafaelThe Paecistas supported the candidacy of Rafael
Urdaneta, and liberals Leocadio Antonio Guzman.Urdaneta, and liberals Leocadio Antonio Guzman.
 Urdaneta died and Guzman was accused of treason byUrdaneta died and Guzman was accused of treason by
the authorities and sentenced to death.the authorities and sentenced to death.
 José Tadeo Monagas, Páez’s new candidate, won theJosé Tadeo Monagas, Páez’s new candidate, won the
elections. Once in office, Monagas commute the deathelections. Once in office, Monagas commute the death
sentence of Guzmán to an exile. Eventually, he tooksentence of Guzmán to an exile. Eventually, he took
out the Paecistas and incorporated in key positions hisout the Paecistas and incorporated in key positions his
friends into the government.friends into the government.

4. José Tadéo MonagasJosé Tadéo Monagas
 Vzla President-(1847-1851; 1855-1858)Vzla President-(1847-1851; 1855-1858)
 One of the Most unpopular presidents, beacuseOne of the Most unpopular presidents, beacuse
of:of:
 Nepotism & Favoritism-bound policiesNepotism & Favoritism-bound policies
 Disregard & disagreed with laws passed byDisregard & disagreed with laws passed by
the congressthe congress
 Amount of power place in Executive branchAmount of power place in Executive branch

5. José Tadéo MonagasJosé Tadéo Monagas
 He supported his brother to become presidentHe supported his brother to become president
 During his second period he passed a newDuring his second period he passed a new
constitution that gave him further power.constitution that gave him further power.
Possibility of reelection.Possibility of reelection.
 He abolished punishment for political crimes.He abolished punishment for political crimes.
 Thought himself Liberal, but thought like aThought himself Liberal, but thought like a
Conservative.Conservative.

6. José Gregorio MonagasJosé Gregorio Monagas
 President after his brother-(1851-1855)President after his brother-(1851-1855)
 Military career. Fought against Monteverde,Military career. Fought against Monteverde,
Boves, and participated in Battle of CaraboboBoves, and participated in Battle of Carabobo
 While president he declare all slaves free - MarchWhile president he declare all slaves free - March
24, 185424, 1854
 When Tadeo was deposed, he becamed prisonerWhen Tadeo was deposed, he becamed prisoner
in Casttle San Carlos & Died in Maracaibo, 1858.in Casttle San Carlos & Died in Maracaibo, 1858.

7. Elections 1846Elections 1846

8. Elections 1846Elections 1846
 Liberal and Conservatives faced each other.Liberal and Conservatives faced each other.
 Paecistas supported Rafael Urdaneta.Paecistas supported Rafael Urdaneta.
 Liberals supported Antonio leocadio Guzman.Liberals supported Antonio leocadio Guzman.
 Urdaneta dies; Guzman is blamed and sentencedUrdaneta dies; Guzman is blamed and sentenced
to death.to death.
 Jose Tadéo as a successor of Urdanetas winsJose Tadéo as a successor of Urdanetas wins
elections. He then changed his cabinet to oldelections. He then changed his cabinet to old
friends.friends.

9. The Monagato 1848-The Monagato 1848-
18581858

10. The Monagato 1848-The Monagato 1848-
18581858
 Monagas brother combined ruling: Monagato.Monagas brother combined ruling: Monagato.
 Started after the assault to the Congress in 1848Started after the assault to the Congress in 1848
 José Tadéo MonagasJosé Tadéo Monagas was Liberal initially, butwas Liberal initially, but
since Paez chose him as his successor he had tosince Paez chose him as his successor he had to
change to Conservativechange to Conservative

11. MonagatoMonagato
 Characterized by governing in an authoritarian &Characterized by governing in an authoritarian &
personalistic manner.personalistic manner.
 Important office positions were given to familyImportant office positions were given to family
members or close friends.members or close friends.
 The constitution was set aside and modifiedThe constitution was set aside and modified
several times to remain in power.several times to remain in power.
 Prohibition of liberty in pressProhibition of liberty in press
 Opposition members were persecuted &Opposition members were persecuted &
imprisonedimprisoned

12. MonagatoMonagato 1848-18581848-1858
 During José Gregorio Monagas’ governmentDuring José Gregorio Monagas’ government
Vzlans started to dislike them.Vzlans started to dislike them.
 With his action of freeing all slaves, he would haveWith his action of freeing all slaves, he would have
being insignificant in history.being insignificant in history.
 The dynasty ended with the overthrow of JoséThe dynasty ended with the overthrow of José
Tadéo Monagas by Julian Castro.Tadéo Monagas by Julian Castro.

14. Relevant Features,Relevant Features,
LegislatureLegislature

15. Legislative lawsLegislative laws
 1849- Abolished death penalty1849- Abolished death penalty
 Condemned saved but were exiledCondemned saved but were exiled
 1849 -Reformed -The law of Espera y Quita1849 -Reformed -The law of Espera y Quita
 Six year term for moratoriumSix year term for moratorium
 March 24,1854- Law of Abolishment of slavery.March 24,1854- Law of Abolishment of slavery.
José Gregorio MonagasJosé Gregorio Monagas

16. Relevant FeaturesRelevant Features
 Vzla was ruled by a circle of family & friends toVzla was ruled by a circle of family & friends to
the Monagas.the Monagas.
 José Tadéo Monagas was followed by his brotherJosé Tadéo Monagas was followed by his brother
in 1850in 1850’’s electionss elections
 1857, José Tadéo Monagas became President1857, José Tadéo Monagas became President
once more.once more.
 Monagas then reformed the Constitution &Monagas then reformed the Constitution &
changed the Presidential period from 4 to 6changed the Presidential period from 4 to 6
years.years.

17. Opposition toOpposition to
MonagasMonagas

18. OppositionOpposition
 Venezuela didnVenezuela didn’’t have political nor social peace.t have political nor social peace.
 1848- Jose Tadeo Monagas separated from the1848- Jose Tadeo Monagas separated from the
ConservativesConservatives
 Jan 24- Congress wanted to sanction Monagas,Jan 24- Congress wanted to sanction Monagas,
but a group of followers interrupted the sessionbut a group of followers interrupted the session
and subjected by force the deputies.and subjected by force the deputies.

19. OppositionOpposition
 During the assault Santos Michelena (politicialDuring the assault Santos Michelena (politicial
close to paez) died.close to paez) died.
 Monagas imposed his will and caontinued hisMonagas imposed his will and caontinued his
regime.regime.
 Paez in reaction, revolted in Calabozo but lost inPaez in reaction, revolted in Calabozo but lost in
Los Araguatos & exiled in 1850.Los Araguatos & exiled in 1850.