This training module is one of a series produced by the Australian Building Codes Board; the organisation responsible for the development and maintenance of the National Construction Code (NCC)
For the purposes of this presentation it is assumed that participants have a general understanding of the content of ABCB training Modules One and Two
This training module is one of a series developed by the Australian Building Codes Board, the organisation responsible for the development and maintenance of the National Construction Code (NCC) Series.
This document provides an overview of Module 5 of the National Construction Code Training Program on disability access provisions. The module introduces the background and objectives of disability access requirements in the Building Code of Australia. It summarizes the key performance requirements related to accessibility, including requirements for access to and within buildings, lifts, parking, and sanitary facilities. Deemed-to-satisfy provisions for various building classes are also outlined at a high level. The document is intended to provide basic information on the BCA's provisions for accessibility.
E.C.V detail estimate By centre line and Long wall short wall methodYusuf Challawala
This document provides step-by-step calculations to estimate quantities of construction materials for a two-room building using both the center line method and long wall short wall method. For the center line method, the total center line length is calculated and used to determine quantities of earthwork, lime concrete, brickwork, DPC, and superstructure brickwork. For the long wall short wall method, the long and short wall lengths are used along with area formulas to calculate the same material quantities. Deductions are also made for openings. The document demonstrates how to apply these estimation methods to solve a sample quantity take-off problem.
This document discusses how building information modeling (BIM) can benefit facility management and maintenance. Some key points:
1) Facility lifecycle costs, such as maintenance and operations, account for 20-35% of total project costs, whereas initial construction costs only account for 10-25%. BIM can help reduce long-term facility costs.
2) Current facility management practices often rely on paper-based documentation, which is difficult to access, update, and share. This leads to inefficiencies and higher costs over the lifetime of the building.
3) BIM allows critical building data to be automatically transferred digitally to facility management systems. This saves significant time and money compared to manual data entry from
PLANNING AND DESIGN OF G+3 RESIDENTIAL HOUSING COMPLEX (Share By Suman Sau)Suman Sau
The document outlines the planning and design of a G+3 residential housing complex project. It discusses the objectives of designing a 17 unit apartment building with 3 stories using RCC framing. It describes the key elements of the complex like residential buildings, roads, school, and amenities. It also discusses the software used like AutoCAD and STAAD Pro, the methodology of selecting the site, creating master plans and designs, and analyzing the structure. Load cases, design of beams, columns, and slabs are also summarized.
The Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a technology that is rapidly gaining popularity in the world of of Architecture Engineering and Construction. This presentation shows a complete history of the BIM and highlights its applications during Building Life Cycle and finally provides its advantages and limitations.
Hi Semua, Saya Denis dari CAED rakan Plannerly-Malaysia anda.
Today we are introducing the ISO 19650 Template of which it is the Standards for execution of Building Information Modeling (BIM).
Hari ini kami akan memperkenalkan Templat ISO 19650 yang merupakan Piawaian untuk Perlaksanaan BIM.
This session will be conducted in Bahasa Malaysia.
Perbentangan ini akan mengambil masa sekitar 25 minute, dan jikalau ada apa-apa persoalan, anda boleh menaipkan soal anda di dalam bahasa Malaysia atau English mengunakan CHAT BAR. Saya akan menjawab persoalan anda mengunakan rakaman untuk Q&A yang akan dimasukkan ke dalam rakaman video ini.
So, Let’s Start!
This document is a student project report on advanced roof structures and industrialized building systems. It discusses the coated fibre glass membrane (PTFE) roof of the Berlin Olympic Stadium, summarizing its structural design which includes radial and tangential truss girders, and how the upper and lower roof membranes are supported. It also provides specifications for the stadium roof such as its total area, materials used, and weight. Finally, it examines precast reinforced concrete as an industrialized building system, describing wall, beam, floor and staircase panels.
This training module is one of a series developed by the Australian Building Codes Board, the organisation responsible for the development and maintenance of the National Construction Code (NCC) Series.
This document provides an overview of Module 5 of the National Construction Code Training Program on disability access provisions. The module introduces the background and objectives of disability access requirements in the Building Code of Australia. It summarizes the key performance requirements related to accessibility, including requirements for access to and within buildings, lifts, parking, and sanitary facilities. Deemed-to-satisfy provisions for various building classes are also outlined at a high level. The document is intended to provide basic information on the BCA's provisions for accessibility.
E.C.V detail estimate By centre line and Long wall short wall methodYusuf Challawala
This document provides step-by-step calculations to estimate quantities of construction materials for a two-room building using both the center line method and long wall short wall method. For the center line method, the total center line length is calculated and used to determine quantities of earthwork, lime concrete, brickwork, DPC, and superstructure brickwork. For the long wall short wall method, the long and short wall lengths are used along with area formulas to calculate the same material quantities. Deductions are also made for openings. The document demonstrates how to apply these estimation methods to solve a sample quantity take-off problem.
This document discusses how building information modeling (BIM) can benefit facility management and maintenance. Some key points:
1) Facility lifecycle costs, such as maintenance and operations, account for 20-35% of total project costs, whereas initial construction costs only account for 10-25%. BIM can help reduce long-term facility costs.
2) Current facility management practices often rely on paper-based documentation, which is difficult to access, update, and share. This leads to inefficiencies and higher costs over the lifetime of the building.
3) BIM allows critical building data to be automatically transferred digitally to facility management systems. This saves significant time and money compared to manual data entry from
PLANNING AND DESIGN OF G+3 RESIDENTIAL HOUSING COMPLEX (Share By Suman Sau)Suman Sau
The document outlines the planning and design of a G+3 residential housing complex project. It discusses the objectives of designing a 17 unit apartment building with 3 stories using RCC framing. It describes the key elements of the complex like residential buildings, roads, school, and amenities. It also discusses the software used like AutoCAD and STAAD Pro, the methodology of selecting the site, creating master plans and designs, and analyzing the structure. Load cases, design of beams, columns, and slabs are also summarized.
The Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a technology that is rapidly gaining popularity in the world of of Architecture Engineering and Construction. This presentation shows a complete history of the BIM and highlights its applications during Building Life Cycle and finally provides its advantages and limitations.
Hi Semua, Saya Denis dari CAED rakan Plannerly-Malaysia anda.
Today we are introducing the ISO 19650 Template of which it is the Standards for execution of Building Information Modeling (BIM).
Hari ini kami akan memperkenalkan Templat ISO 19650 yang merupakan Piawaian untuk Perlaksanaan BIM.
This session will be conducted in Bahasa Malaysia.
Perbentangan ini akan mengambil masa sekitar 25 minute, dan jikalau ada apa-apa persoalan, anda boleh menaipkan soal anda di dalam bahasa Malaysia atau English mengunakan CHAT BAR. Saya akan menjawab persoalan anda mengunakan rakaman untuk Q&A yang akan dimasukkan ke dalam rakaman video ini.
So, Let’s Start!
This document is a student project report on advanced roof structures and industrialized building systems. It discusses the coated fibre glass membrane (PTFE) roof of the Berlin Olympic Stadium, summarizing its structural design which includes radial and tangential truss girders, and how the upper and lower roof membranes are supported. It also provides specifications for the stadium roof such as its total area, materials used, and weight. Finally, it examines precast reinforced concrete as an industrialized building system, describing wall, beam, floor and staircase panels.
This document provides information on natural construction materials including stone, timber, bituminous materials, lime, and soil. It defines stone, discusses its classification and requirements for building stone. It describes the quarrying and dressing processes for stone. It defines timber and discusses its structure, properties, seasoning, and defects. It also describes bituminous materials, lime production and classification, and defines soil components.
B.tech Project 1 - Industrialised Building SystemsCarmen Chan
The document discusses industrialized building systems (IBS) and provides a case study of Seri Jati Apartments in Setia Alam, Malaysia.
[1] It introduces IBS, including the main types used in Malaysia like precast concrete, blockwork, and steel framing systems, and discusses advantages like reduced costs and time as well as disadvantages like high initial costs.
[2] A case study of Seri Jati Apartments is presented, which utilized a precast concrete structural frame with in-situ concrete floors. Standard component sizes, construction processes, and drawings are shown.
[3] The architectural and structural drawings of the proposed IBS building are provided, along with
The document presents the project 2 submission for a construction solutions course. It includes an introduction to the brief of designing a learning centre. Several precedent studies are analyzed for different facade and structural systems including a double skin facade, corrugated PVC cladding, structural steel framing, and steel roof trusses. Two design proposals for the facade and sectional perspectives of the roof and ground levels are presented. References conclude the document.
The document outlines the IBS Roadmap 2003-2010 which aims to promote the industrialization of Malaysia's construction sector.
Key points include:
- The roadmap was endorsed by the Cabinet in 2003 to provide a blueprint for achieving industrialized construction and open building concepts.
- It identifies strategies across several areas including manpower, materials, management, monetary incentives, and marketing to promote greater IBS usage.
- Targets include increasing IBS usage in government projects to 70% by 2008 and providing incentives for residential projects using at least 50% IBS.
- Case studies demonstrate how IBS can help complete projects faster through off-site prefabrication of building components.
A brief through the content and purpose of Architect Act 1967, Architect Rules 1996, Scale of Minimum Fees (Architect Rules 2010). Covering the law and practices concern and case study on the application of Architect Act 1967 & Architect Rules 2010.
Credit to the team:
KIM ZHAO WEI
LIM SIAW YEN
PATRICK CHHOA
LEE SAI FONG
ELAINE LEE MEI LIAN
KOK LEAN KEAT
(Master of Architecture, UTM)
This document provides an overview of the professional examination process and requirements for architectural licensure in Malaysia. It discusses the practical experience log book that must be completed over a minimum of 104 weeks under a supervisor. The log book must document experience across all phases of architectural projects and be certified by the supervisor. Candidates must also submit minimum 2,000-word evaluation reports on two projects covering various stages and addressing professional duties and responsibilities. The document outlines the examination syllabus which includes professional legislation, the architect's role in society, practice management, building codes and regulations, and contract administration. It notes some key requirements and deadlines regarding registration, fees, and sitting for the oral examination.
Specifications are important documents that define requirements for materials, products, or services. They provide all necessary details and ensure suppliers, purchasers, and users agree on requirements. Specifications may be written by various organizations and include descriptive information, terminology, test methods, material requirements, acceptance criteria, and more. Proper specifications along with quality control are needed to ensure production meets engineering tolerances.
Civil engineers can contribute to green building certification like LEED in several ways:
- They can be involved in site selection, site development, stormwater management, and transportation access to support sustainable site credits.
- Structural designs that optimize materials and encourage recycling/reuse can help earn materials and resources credits.
- Engineers' knowledge of building systems, materials, and construction waste management allows them to collaborate with architects on efficient, sustainable designs.
- Specifying materials like recycled steel, fly ash concrete, and local/recycled masonry supports multiple LEED credits within a building's framework.
The document is a report on an industrial training project at a hospital construction site in Chennai by URC Constructions Private Limited. It provides details of the project such as constructing a basement parking facility, 8 floors and other areas on a site located in Perungudi, Chennai. It describes the soil conditions, foundation design, construction stages, safety measures, and estimates for the project. The traineeship provided hands-on experience in construction practices, challenges, and learning.
This document discusses how to apply ASHRAE 62.1 standards for ventilation and indoor air quality within LEED projects. It outlines the EQp1 and EQc1 credits, describing the ventilation and monitoring requirements for mechanically and naturally ventilated spaces according to ASHRAE 62.1. It provides examples of strategies to meet the Enhanced Indoor Air Quality credit such as increased filtration, natural ventilation calculations, and carbon dioxide monitoring.
This document discusses the telecommunication system requirements and design for a high-rise building. It covers the installation process including main distribution frames, telecom rooms, optical distribution frames and cable pathways. It also discusses general requirements for telecom spaces, safety precautions, management systems, fiber optic advantages and disadvantages. A case study of the proposed 52-story Santander Bank Tower is presented, which was designed with a sustainable and hurricane-proof telecom infrastructure to meet the client's needs.
Agenda:
1. Preparing For Better BIM Contracting
2. Level of Information Need Explained
3. BIM Contracting With E-Signature
Don't just ask for "BIM" as this will unlikely get you the BIM you need. More owners are now requesting "Building Information Modeling in accordance with ISO 19650" especially for the vitally important Appointment steps in the BIM contracting workflow.
Helping you communicate who is responsible for what BIM and at what point in time!
This document provides details of the structural analysis and design of a commercial and residential building using STAAD.Pro, AutoCAD, and STAAD.Foundation software. The building is located in Trivandrum, Kerala and consists of a basement, ground plus three floors. The document describes the site details, building plans, load calculations, modeling in STAAD.Pro, design of structural elements like beams, columns, foundation, and reinforcement details. Pile foundation is adopted based on the bore log details. The analysis helps gain knowledge of designing various components using structural analysis and design software.
This document contains a bill of quantities for the construction of a musical theater on a lake. It includes 9 bills detailing items, descriptions, quantities, rates and amounts for general items, earthworks, the main framework, dock assembly, decking, anchorage, bridges and labor. The total amount for all items is $220,837.
The document provides information for the structural design of an expansion to the Ramos Vaccine Laboratories in Managua, Nicaragua. The expansion will include adding floors and increasing the building footprint. Key points:
- The site is located 6km northwest of Managua and experiences high seismic activity.
- The structural system will include reinforced concrete shear walls, steel columns, steel beams, and concrete slabs. Shear walls along the perimeter will resist most seismic loads.
- A raft foundation is proposed due to loose soils with a safe bearing capacity of 170kN/m2 at a depth of 2m.
- Design will follow international standards including Eurocodes and consider loads from gravity, wind,
Textile reinforced concrete (TRC) is a composite material where textile reinforcements made of high performance fibers are embedded in a cementitious matrix. The textile reinforcement provides enhanced tensile strength, ductility, and allows TRC composites to be slender, lightweight, and formed into complex shapes. Common fiber materials used in TRC include glass, carbon, basalt, aramid, and polyvinyl alcohol coated with polyvinyl chloride. TRC has applications in thin, self-supporting building elements and in strengthening existing structures.
Green buildings seek to reduce environmental impacts through efficient energy and water use, conservation of resources, and improved air quality. They are designed and operated using processes that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's lifecycle. Key aspects of green buildings include efficient energy use, sustainable site selection and design, conservation of water and materials, and indoor environmental quality. Major green building certification systems evaluate projects based on these and other criteria to determine compliance with sustainability standards and issue certifications.
Chris Ward from BREEAM looks at the recent alignment between BREEAM and the WELL Building Standard at the Constructing Excellence Sustainabilty Theme Group on 31 January 2017.
Module 1 - Introduction to Energy EfficiencyPaul Brown
This document provides an introduction to energy efficiency, including:
- Defining energy efficiency as delivering the same or greater levels of energy services with less energy supply.
- Discussing the importance of energy efficiency for businesses in managing rising costs from carbon pricing policies and legislation, as well as maintaining their license to operate.
- Outlining the role of accountants and managers in supporting organizations to adopt more sustainable practices and implement energy efficiency projects through skills like communication, problem solving, and change management.
- Introducing change management as a process for shifting organizations to a desired future state through steps like assessing impact, planning changes, executing changes, and communications.
This training module is one of a series developed by the Australian Building Codes Board, the organisation responsible for the development and maintenance of the National Construction Code (NCC) Series.
Before viewing this presentation make sure you view Module One – Introduction to the Building Code of Australia, Volume One and Two of the NCC Series.
This document provides information on natural construction materials including stone, timber, bituminous materials, lime, and soil. It defines stone, discusses its classification and requirements for building stone. It describes the quarrying and dressing processes for stone. It defines timber and discusses its structure, properties, seasoning, and defects. It also describes bituminous materials, lime production and classification, and defines soil components.
B.tech Project 1 - Industrialised Building SystemsCarmen Chan
The document discusses industrialized building systems (IBS) and provides a case study of Seri Jati Apartments in Setia Alam, Malaysia.
[1] It introduces IBS, including the main types used in Malaysia like precast concrete, blockwork, and steel framing systems, and discusses advantages like reduced costs and time as well as disadvantages like high initial costs.
[2] A case study of Seri Jati Apartments is presented, which utilized a precast concrete structural frame with in-situ concrete floors. Standard component sizes, construction processes, and drawings are shown.
[3] The architectural and structural drawings of the proposed IBS building are provided, along with
The document presents the project 2 submission for a construction solutions course. It includes an introduction to the brief of designing a learning centre. Several precedent studies are analyzed for different facade and structural systems including a double skin facade, corrugated PVC cladding, structural steel framing, and steel roof trusses. Two design proposals for the facade and sectional perspectives of the roof and ground levels are presented. References conclude the document.
The document outlines the IBS Roadmap 2003-2010 which aims to promote the industrialization of Malaysia's construction sector.
Key points include:
- The roadmap was endorsed by the Cabinet in 2003 to provide a blueprint for achieving industrialized construction and open building concepts.
- It identifies strategies across several areas including manpower, materials, management, monetary incentives, and marketing to promote greater IBS usage.
- Targets include increasing IBS usage in government projects to 70% by 2008 and providing incentives for residential projects using at least 50% IBS.
- Case studies demonstrate how IBS can help complete projects faster through off-site prefabrication of building components.
A brief through the content and purpose of Architect Act 1967, Architect Rules 1996, Scale of Minimum Fees (Architect Rules 2010). Covering the law and practices concern and case study on the application of Architect Act 1967 & Architect Rules 2010.
Credit to the team:
KIM ZHAO WEI
LIM SIAW YEN
PATRICK CHHOA
LEE SAI FONG
ELAINE LEE MEI LIAN
KOK LEAN KEAT
(Master of Architecture, UTM)
This document provides an overview of the professional examination process and requirements for architectural licensure in Malaysia. It discusses the practical experience log book that must be completed over a minimum of 104 weeks under a supervisor. The log book must document experience across all phases of architectural projects and be certified by the supervisor. Candidates must also submit minimum 2,000-word evaluation reports on two projects covering various stages and addressing professional duties and responsibilities. The document outlines the examination syllabus which includes professional legislation, the architect's role in society, practice management, building codes and regulations, and contract administration. It notes some key requirements and deadlines regarding registration, fees, and sitting for the oral examination.
Specifications are important documents that define requirements for materials, products, or services. They provide all necessary details and ensure suppliers, purchasers, and users agree on requirements. Specifications may be written by various organizations and include descriptive information, terminology, test methods, material requirements, acceptance criteria, and more. Proper specifications along with quality control are needed to ensure production meets engineering tolerances.
Civil engineers can contribute to green building certification like LEED in several ways:
- They can be involved in site selection, site development, stormwater management, and transportation access to support sustainable site credits.
- Structural designs that optimize materials and encourage recycling/reuse can help earn materials and resources credits.
- Engineers' knowledge of building systems, materials, and construction waste management allows them to collaborate with architects on efficient, sustainable designs.
- Specifying materials like recycled steel, fly ash concrete, and local/recycled masonry supports multiple LEED credits within a building's framework.
The document is a report on an industrial training project at a hospital construction site in Chennai by URC Constructions Private Limited. It provides details of the project such as constructing a basement parking facility, 8 floors and other areas on a site located in Perungudi, Chennai. It describes the soil conditions, foundation design, construction stages, safety measures, and estimates for the project. The traineeship provided hands-on experience in construction practices, challenges, and learning.
This document discusses how to apply ASHRAE 62.1 standards for ventilation and indoor air quality within LEED projects. It outlines the EQp1 and EQc1 credits, describing the ventilation and monitoring requirements for mechanically and naturally ventilated spaces according to ASHRAE 62.1. It provides examples of strategies to meet the Enhanced Indoor Air Quality credit such as increased filtration, natural ventilation calculations, and carbon dioxide monitoring.
This document discusses the telecommunication system requirements and design for a high-rise building. It covers the installation process including main distribution frames, telecom rooms, optical distribution frames and cable pathways. It also discusses general requirements for telecom spaces, safety precautions, management systems, fiber optic advantages and disadvantages. A case study of the proposed 52-story Santander Bank Tower is presented, which was designed with a sustainable and hurricane-proof telecom infrastructure to meet the client's needs.
Agenda:
1. Preparing For Better BIM Contracting
2. Level of Information Need Explained
3. BIM Contracting With E-Signature
Don't just ask for "BIM" as this will unlikely get you the BIM you need. More owners are now requesting "Building Information Modeling in accordance with ISO 19650" especially for the vitally important Appointment steps in the BIM contracting workflow.
Helping you communicate who is responsible for what BIM and at what point in time!
This document provides details of the structural analysis and design of a commercial and residential building using STAAD.Pro, AutoCAD, and STAAD.Foundation software. The building is located in Trivandrum, Kerala and consists of a basement, ground plus three floors. The document describes the site details, building plans, load calculations, modeling in STAAD.Pro, design of structural elements like beams, columns, foundation, and reinforcement details. Pile foundation is adopted based on the bore log details. The analysis helps gain knowledge of designing various components using structural analysis and design software.
This document contains a bill of quantities for the construction of a musical theater on a lake. It includes 9 bills detailing items, descriptions, quantities, rates and amounts for general items, earthworks, the main framework, dock assembly, decking, anchorage, bridges and labor. The total amount for all items is $220,837.
The document provides information for the structural design of an expansion to the Ramos Vaccine Laboratories in Managua, Nicaragua. The expansion will include adding floors and increasing the building footprint. Key points:
- The site is located 6km northwest of Managua and experiences high seismic activity.
- The structural system will include reinforced concrete shear walls, steel columns, steel beams, and concrete slabs. Shear walls along the perimeter will resist most seismic loads.
- A raft foundation is proposed due to loose soils with a safe bearing capacity of 170kN/m2 at a depth of 2m.
- Design will follow international standards including Eurocodes and consider loads from gravity, wind,
Textile reinforced concrete (TRC) is a composite material where textile reinforcements made of high performance fibers are embedded in a cementitious matrix. The textile reinforcement provides enhanced tensile strength, ductility, and allows TRC composites to be slender, lightweight, and formed into complex shapes. Common fiber materials used in TRC include glass, carbon, basalt, aramid, and polyvinyl alcohol coated with polyvinyl chloride. TRC has applications in thin, self-supporting building elements and in strengthening existing structures.
Green buildings seek to reduce environmental impacts through efficient energy and water use, conservation of resources, and improved air quality. They are designed and operated using processes that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's lifecycle. Key aspects of green buildings include efficient energy use, sustainable site selection and design, conservation of water and materials, and indoor environmental quality. Major green building certification systems evaluate projects based on these and other criteria to determine compliance with sustainability standards and issue certifications.
Chris Ward from BREEAM looks at the recent alignment between BREEAM and the WELL Building Standard at the Constructing Excellence Sustainabilty Theme Group on 31 January 2017.
Module 1 - Introduction to Energy EfficiencyPaul Brown
This document provides an introduction to energy efficiency, including:
- Defining energy efficiency as delivering the same or greater levels of energy services with less energy supply.
- Discussing the importance of energy efficiency for businesses in managing rising costs from carbon pricing policies and legislation, as well as maintaining their license to operate.
- Outlining the role of accountants and managers in supporting organizations to adopt more sustainable practices and implement energy efficiency projects through skills like communication, problem solving, and change management.
- Introducing change management as a process for shifting organizations to a desired future state through steps like assessing impact, planning changes, executing changes, and communications.
This training module is one of a series developed by the Australian Building Codes Board, the organisation responsible for the development and maintenance of the National Construction Code (NCC) Series.
Before viewing this presentation make sure you view Module One – Introduction to the Building Code of Australia, Volume One and Two of the NCC Series.
This is a stylization of a slideshow originally created by Karl Fisch, examining globalization and America’s future in the 21st century. It is designed to stand alone, without having to be presented in person. Enjoy!
This is an educational presentation exploring humanity's water use and the emerging worldwide water shortage. It is designed to act as a stand-alone presentation. Enjoy!
This 3 line poem by Kahlil Gibran reminds the reader not to forget that nature enjoys small moments of intimacy, such as the earth feeling one's bare feet or the wind playing with one's hair.
This contains the entire 4-napkin health care series in one file. It makes more sense to read this one now than the others since it is the complete set all in one file.
This document provides tips for creating effective PowerPoint presentations. It notes that many presentations are "unbearable" due to a lack of significance, structure, simplicity, and rehearsal. It emphasizes the importance of having a clear purpose for your presentation, using a simple structure like problem-solution, keeping slides concise with minimal text and images over clipart, writing speaker notes instead of long slides for printing, and rehearsing your presentation aloud to work out any issues. The overall message is that presentations should be passionate, memorable and scalable through a focus on simplicity and clarity of message.
Module 4 Understanding energy effeciency provisions class 2 to 9Michael Farrugia
This training module is one of a series produced by the Australian Building Codes Board; the organisation responsible for the development and maintenance of the National Construction Code (NCC)
For the purposes of this presentation it is assumed that participants have a general understanding of the content of ABCB training Modules One and Two
This document provides an overview of India's Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC). It discusses how the ECBC was established in 2007 to promote energy efficiency in new commercial building construction. It outlines the key objectives and development process of the 2017 ECBC update. The ECBC scope and compliance pathways are described, covering building envelope, HVAC, lighting, and other systems. Implementation efforts led by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency and state agencies are also summarized. A case study is presented on estimating potential energy savings from ECBC implementation in Jaipur city buildings.
The document discusses why building and plumbing work is regulated, providing an overview of Australia's National Construction Code (NCC). It explains that the primary reason for regulation is to protect people during construction, occupancy, and demolition of buildings. The NCC details minimum requirements for safety, health, accessibility, and sustainability. It is maintained by the Australian Building Codes Board and amended every three years. The document also provides information on building classification and standards referenced in the NCC, as well as databases of Australian construction projects.
The document discusses the USGBC LEED rating system for existing building operations and maintenance (O&M). It provides details on 12 credits in the Energy and Atmosphere category of LEED O&M, including prerequisites and credits related to energy efficiency best management practices, metering, commissioning, ongoing optimization and demand response. The credits outline requirements for planning, analysis, implementation and ongoing performance monitoring to improve building energy efficiency through operational changes and upgrades.
This document provides an overview of Module 2 of an ECBC training workshop on the ECBC scope and administration. It discusses the scope of buildings and systems covered by the ECBC, the mandatory and optional compliance approaches including prescriptive, trade-off and whole building performance, and the administration and enforcement process. It also outlines the ECBC user guide which provides guidance on understanding and applying the ECBC.
Building complaince with the energy efficiency measures in the building code of Autralia can be a little daunting to understand. This presentation provides a structured approach and sets out the contents of acheiving compliance with BCA Section J, using the JV3 verification method. The JV3 method provides greater freedom in the desing process, can generally result in lower construction costs, lower energy costs and more comfortable buildings when used appropriately.
Health Business Services, HSE NZEB approach by Brendan ReddingtonSustainableEnergyAut
This document discusses requirements for nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEB) for public authorities in Ireland. New buildings owned and occupied by public authorities must be NZEB after December 31st 2018, and all new buildings will be required to be NZEB after December 2020. The purpose of the seminar is to launch the NZEB specification for public authorities. Major renovations will also need to meet energy efficiency requirements. The document outlines challenges in meeting these new standards for healthcare buildings, including infection control, glazing ratios, air tightness, renewables, and coordinating with CHP systems.
STW Sustainable/ NZEB Design Presentation - Nov 2019Noel Hughes
A presentation given by Noel Hughes of Scott Tallon Walker Architects in November 2019 on sustainable architecture and nearly zero energy design strategies.
This document establishes an energy code supplement for Ithaca, New York with requirements above the state energy code. It provides two compliance paths - an "Easy Path" requiring a minimum of 6 points from listed categories, and a "Whole Building Path" requiring compliance with a recognized green building standard. The Easy Path includes points for electrification measures like heat pumps, affordability improvements, renewable energy, and density/walkability factors. The document defines key terms and outlines applicability and compliance requirements for residential and commercial buildings.
Energy efficiency program for the state of kuwaitRCREEE
The document outlines Kuwait's energy efficiency program. It discusses Kuwait's hot climate and heavy reliance on air conditioning. It then summarizes Kuwait's energy code of practice, which has saved over 4.5 billion KD since being implemented in 1983. Energy auditing programs have reduced peak power demand and energy consumption in various buildings. A centralized demand side management system allows remote monitoring and control of buildings to optimize energy use. Finally, the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research's energy efficiency technologies program aims to improve efficiency in power stations, buildings, and industry through various research and pilot projects.
Updates on Policy and Codes - BREEAM, Part L, MEES & BB101IES VE
The key changes to Building Bulletin 101 include stricter requirements for indoor air quality and thermal comfort. For indoor air quality, the maximum allowable CO2 level is reduced from 1500 ppm to 2000 ppm. For thermal comfort, the overheating criteria have been updated to align with CIBSE TM52, focusing on hours of exceedance, weighted exceedance, and maximum temperature delta. Demonstrating compliance will require a more rigorous analysis of overheating risk using dynamic thermal modeling. Overall, the revisions aim to improve classroom ventilation and temperature conditions to optimize learning.
The document summarizes Egypt's plans to develop wind power and connect large wind farms to its national grid. It outlines the following key points:
1) Egypt aims to generate 12% of its electricity from wind power by 2020 through projects totaling 7,200 MW, including 3,000 MW in the Gulf of Suez, 1,250 MW of which will be developed by private investors.
2) Egypt is implementing its first 250 MW build-own-operate wind project in the Gulf of Suez through international competitive bidding. Joint wind resource measurements and environmental studies have been completed to de-risk the project.
3) A new 500 kV transmission line is being built to connect the planned 3,
The National Committee of Building Codes in Kuwait formed an Energy Code Group to review and potentially update the country's existing building energy code. The group developed an action plan to carefully review the existing code, compare it to regional and global standards, and propose limited changes within a one-year timeframe. The group scheduled bi-weekly meetings to systematically review sections of the existing code and consider amendments and additions to better promote energy efficiency in buildings. The overall goal was to enhance the code in a gradual manner while maintaining consistency and applicability.
The document analyzes the use of BIM to evaluate the energy performance of retrofitting an educational building in Ireland. A Revit model was created of the proposed retrofit and analyzed using Green Building Studio software. Three runs were conducted: a base run of the upgraded building; a run adding an air source heat pump; and a run adding a gas condensing boiler. The results showed limitations in the software and did not achieve the desired NZEB targets. While BIM allowed for energy analysis and simulation, the software had restrictions and assumptions that impacted the accuracy of the energy use calculations.
Cheryl Massie Presentation New York City Green PlanRyan Slack
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The document provides a cost comparison study of fire suppression systems using BlazeMaster CPVC versus generic steel. It finds that the BlazeMaster CPVC system offers a cost saving of £37,400 or 25% less than the equivalent generic steel system. This is due to reductions in material costs of £14,663, labor costs of £20,264, and plant costs of £2,472 for the BlazeMaster CPVC system compared to generic steel. The study concludes that BlazeMaster CPVC is a more cost-effective alternative to traditional steel systems.
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TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
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Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
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Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
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Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
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Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
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2. Introduction to Module Three
• This training module is one of a series produced by the Australian
Building Codes Board; the organisation responsible for the
development and maintenance of the National Construction Code
(NCC)
• For the purposes of this presentation it is assumed that participants
have a general understanding of the content of ABCB training
Modules One and Two
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
3. National Construction Code Series
Scope of the BCAIntroduction to Module Three Methods of Compliance
Building Code
Volume Three
Guide to
Volume One
Volume One
Appendices
Volume TwoVolume One
Plumbing
Code
4. Recap on Module One
• Module One was titled: An Introduction to the Building Code of
Australia – Volume One and Two of the NCC Series
• The objective of Module One was to provide information on:
− the background to the development of the BCA
− the operation of the BCA, and
− the application of the BCA
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
5. The Building Code of Australia
• The BCA establishes minimum standards for new building work
• The BCA:
− Is referenced in State/Territory law – see next slide
− Is amended annually
− Requirements are intended to be cost effective
− Requirements are intended to eliminate poor practice
− Does not address best practice
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
6. Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
STATE & TERRITORY
BUILDING ACTS
STATE & TERRITORY
BUILDING REGULATIONS
TECHNICAL
STANDARDS
ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS
• Approvals
• Appeals
• Registrations
• Refurbishments
• Building standard
Introduction to Module Three
7. Presentation of the BCA
• The BCA is presented in two Volumes
• This is to correlate with the historic operation of the building
industry
• In general, industry tends to work in either the housing sector or the
commercial sector, although some large companies work in both
sectors
• The BCA endeavours to follow this division
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
8. BCA Volumes One and Two
• Volume One contains requirements for the design and construction
of commercial buildings; i.e. Class 2 to 9 buildings, plus some Class
10 structures
• Volume Two contains requirements for the design and construction
of domestic buildings; i.e. Class 1 and 10 buildings, plus some Class
10 structures
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
9. Recap on Module Two
• Module Two was titled: Understanding the BCA’s Performance
Requirements
• The objective of Module Two was to provide information on how to
comply with the BCA without using Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions
– i.e. by developing an Alternative Solution which complies with the
relevant Performance Requirements.
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
10. The Building Code of Australia
Volume Two is divided in three sections –
• Section 1 – General Provisions which presents the general
structure and operation of the BCA.
• Section 2 – Performance Provisions which presents the mandatory
technical requirements of the BCA.
• Section 3 – Acceptable Construction which presents optional
means of compliance to the Performance Requirements. These are
expressed as Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions.
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
11. Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
1.2.2
12. Objective of Module Three
• The objective of Module Three is to provide fundamental
information on BCA energy efficiency provisions relating to Class
1 buildings, as well as Class 10 buildings that have a conditioned
space
• The information provided in this presentation relates to the national
content of the BCA and does not address State or Territory
variations
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
13. BCA Energy Efficiency
BCA requirements reduce greenhouse gas emissions from electricity,
gas, oil, or other fuels used in buildings for:
• Heating
• Cooling
• Ventilation
• Artificial lighting
• Hot water (space heating and sanitary)
• Other domestic services
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
14. BCA Requirements
• The BCA only addresses energy used by a building's services to
operate
• Does not include energy used in manufacturing building materials
or construction of a building (i.e. embodied energy)
• Does not include portable appliances within a building such as
computers or fridges
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
15. Background
Scope of the BCA
Methods of Compliance
Module Three
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
16. Content of Module Three
• Principles of Energy Efficiency
• General Scope of BCA provisions
• Performance Requirements
• Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions
• Alternative Solutions
• Verification Methods
• Administrative Matters
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
18. General Background
• Over the past decade international awareness of greenhouse gas
(GHG) emissions and their influence on global warming has grown
significantly
• GHG is a natural part of the Earth’s atmosphere that capture the
Sun’s warmth and keep Earth’s surface temperature at a life
supporting level
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
19. General Background
• Increased concentrations of GHG will cause variations to our
climate that will differ between geographic regions
• Changes may occur to temperatures, rainfall, wind speed,
vegetation and animal life
• GHG emissions are increasing due to human activities such as land
clearing and burning fossil fuel (e.g. coal and oil)
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
20. • 1997 – the Prime Minister issued a statement on Australia’s response
to global warming that included measures to reduce energy
consumption in buildings
• The building sector was not the largest contributor to national
GHG emissions - although it contributed 27% of energy related GHG
emissions and was the fastest growing source
• Late 1990’s - governments considered the need for new buildings
to operate in an energy efficient manner
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
National Background
Introduction to Module Three
21. • It was apparent that market forces had not addressed the issue
effectively so there was a need for regulatory reform
• Industry generally supported the need to eliminate worst practice in
building design
• 2000 – Agreement by the Council of Australian Governments
(COAG) to introduce energy efficiency regulations for domestic and
commercial buildings
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
National Background
Introduction to Module Three
22. National Background
• 2001 – In response, the Australian Greenhouse Office (AGO) and
the ABCB entered into an agreement to develop energy efficiency
provisions and introduce these through the BCA
• 2001- 2002 - Housing energy efficiency provisions developed
• January 2003 - BCA Volume Two introduced 4 star energy efficiency
provisions in climate zones 4 to 8 and 3.5 star in climate zones 1 to 3
for housing and associated buildings
• Some States/Territories had existing provisions in place and did
not adopt new BCA requirements
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
23. • BCA 2005
− Introduced similar star requirements for Class 2 and 3 buildings
and Class 4 parts of a building as for housing, i.e. SOU’s must
achieve a minimum of 3 stars, but achieve a 4 star average in
climate zones 4 to 8 and 3.5 star average in climate zones 1 to 3.
• BCA 2006
− Introduced requirements for Class 5 to 9 buildings
− Enhanced requirements for Class 1 and nominated Class 10a
buildings from 3.5 / 4 star to 5 star
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
National Background
Introduction to Module Three
24. • BCA 2010
− Enhanced the requirements for Class 5 to 9 buildings
− Further enhanced the requirements for Class 1 and nominated
Class 10a buildings from 5 star to 6 star
− Also enhanced requirements for Class 2 buildings and Class 4
parts of a building (average 6 star, minimum 5 star)
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
National Background
Introduction to Module Three
25. What is a House Star Rating?
• A house star rating is a quantified benchmark used to describe the
energy efficiency performance of a building’s shell based on an
annual energy load
• The rating is used in the BCA and is derived using computer
software packages; AccuRate, BERS Pro and FirstRate 5
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
26. Draft Provisions
• Originally developed through stakeholder committees, specialist
working groups and specialist consultants
• Proposals were refined through industry and community
consultation
• Latest provisions were subjected to a formal Regulation Document
process and Regulation Impact Statement process
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
27. Regulation Impact Statement
• Under an IGA, the ABCB must only propose new regulation as a
final option
• All proposals for change to the BCA must be subjected to a rigorous
regulatory impact assessment process that includes cost benefit
analysis
• The new regulation must generate the greatest net benefit for the
community
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
28. Four Stage Process
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
• Using a four stage process, the ABCB has now introduced energy
efficiency requirements for all classes of buildings
− 2003 - Class 1 & 10 (4 star / 3.5 star)
− 2005 - Class 2 to 4 (4 star / 3.5 star average – 3 star minimum)
− 2006 - Class 5 to 9; plus
- Class 1 & 10 enhanced (Verification 5 star)
− 2010 - Class 3 and 5 to 9 enhanced; and
- Class 2 and 4 (6 star average – 5 star minimum)
- Class 1 & 10 (6 star)
Introduction to Module Three
29. Voluntary Best Practice
• The Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency (DCCEE)
has also developed a series of other programs - aimed at assisting
designers to go beyond the minimum requirements of the BCA
• These programs promote best practice rather than BCA minimum
requirements
• Information can be found at: www.climatechange.gov.au
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
31. Objective of BCA Provisions
• The objective of the BCA energy efficiency provisions is to reduce
GHG emissions by reducing operational energy use of new buildings
without reducing comfort and amenity
• BCA requirements primarily address:
− heat flow - into and out of a building through the building
envelope, and
− domestic services - that use energy e.g. air-conditioning and hot
water
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
32. Definition of Envelope
Envelope, for the purposes of Part 2.6 and Part 3.12, means the parts of
a building’s fabric that separate artificially heated or cooled spaces
from –
(a) the exterior of the building; or
(b) other spaces that are not artificially heated or cooled
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
33. Definition of Domestic Services
Domestic services means the basic engineering systems of a house
that use energy or control the use of energy; and
(a) includes heating, air-conditioning, mechanical ventilation, artificial
lighting and hot water systems; but
(b) excludes cooking facilities and portable appliances.
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
34. Principles of Energy Efficiency
• The efficient performance of the building envelope plus the
building's domestic services results in reduced:
− demand for a service, especially in a moderate climate zone,
− size of a service,
− operating time of a service, and
− energy consumption of the service
• The use of fuels with the lowest practical greenhouse gas intensity
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
35. Application of Requirements
• Not all of Australia has the same climate so the BCA elemental
Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions vary across eight (8) climate zones
• Climate zone 1 is hot and humid while climate zone 8 is cold
• A map of the location of climate zones is provided at Figure 1.1.4 –
see next slide
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
36. Climate Zone Map
Figure 1.1.4
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
37. Individual State and Territory maps are
available on the ABCB website at:
www.abcb.gov.au
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Climate Zone Map
Introduction to Module Three
38. Application of Requirements
• The primary intent of the BCA provisions is to reduce energy usage
for cooling services in warmer climate zones and heating services
in cooler climate zones
• The extent of specific requirements vary with climate zone and
sometimes with the use of the building
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
39. Achieving Energy Efficiency
• Insulating and/or shading the building fabric
• Controlling energy flow through glazing
• Reducing air leakage via building fabric
• Creating internal air movement for cooling
• Improving the efficiency of heating, cooling, lighting, hot water
systems and pools
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
41. Sections of Volume Two
• The application of the BCA provisions is governed by the content of
Sections 1 and 2 of Volume Two
• Section 1 – General Provisions – presents the "general rules" by
which the BCA provisions are applied
• Section 2 – Performance Requirements – presents the mandatory
requirements of the BCA and the Verification Methods
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
42. Sections of Volume Two
• Section 3 of Volume Two presents the Deemed-to-Satisfy
Provisions
• These provisions are presented as either an:
− Acceptable Construction Manual or
− Acceptable Construction Practice
• The principal benefit of using Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions is that
they are accepted as meeting the mandatory Performance
Requirements
Scope of the BCAIntroduction to Module Three Methods of Compliance
44. Energy Efficiency Requirements
• There are two mandatory Performance Requirements for energy
efficiency i.e.
− P2.6.1 for the thermal performance of a building’s fabric
− P2.6.2 for the domestic services’ –
– energy efficiency
– energy source
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
47. Domestic Services
• Domestic services means the basic engineering systems of a
house that use energy or control the use of energy; and
(a) includes heating, air-conditioning, mechanical
ventilation, artificial lighting and hot water
systems; but
(b) excludes cooking facilities and portable
appliances
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
49. Part 3.12
• Part 3.12 presents the optional Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions that
may be used to achieve compliance with the mandatory energy
efficiency Performance Requirements
• Part 3.12.0 provides two optional pathways to achieve compliance,
which are –
− Using a house energy rating solution, including some elemental
Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions; or
− Using the elemental Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions alone.
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
50. Part 3.12
Option 1
Energy Rating Solution
• Energy rating at 3.12.1.0
• Specific 3.12.1 provisions
• 3.12.3 for Sealing
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Option 2
Elemental Solution
• 3.12.1 for Building Fabric
• 3.12.2 for Glazing
• 3.12.3 for Building Sealing
• 3.12.4 for Air Movement
3.12.5 for Services
Introduction to Module Three
51. • The elemental option Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions address the
following parts of a building:
− 3.12.1 Building Fabric
− 3.12.2 External Glazing
− 3.12.3 Building Sealing
− 3.12.4 Air Movement
− 3.12.5 Services
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Part 3.12
Introduction to Module Three
53. Part 3.12.1 - Building Fabric
• Provisions for building fabric address:
− Thermal insulation
− Roofs
− Roof lights
− External walls
− Floors
− Attached Class 10a buildings
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
54. Part 3.12.1 - Building Fabric
• The intent of these provisions is to ensure the building envelope is
an effective means of resisting unwanted heat flow
• Heat flow may be either predominantly into or out of a building
depending on the climate zone
• A thermally efficient building envelope means less energy is needed
to artificially heat or cool internal spaces
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
55. Example of Envelope Performance
Proportion of envelope heat gain
floor
0%
walls
8%
roof
5%
doors
0.4%
glazing
87%
Proportion of envelope heat loss
floor
18%
walls
14%
doors
1%
roof
18%
glazing
49%
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
56. Some Relevant Terms
• R-Value – means the thermal resistance of a component
calculated by dividing its thickness by its thermal conductivity
• Total R-Value – means the sum of the R-Values of components in
a composite element – it can be determined by calculation or
reference
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
57. Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Some Relevant Terms
• R-Value of an uninsulated clay masonry veneer wall
Introduction to Module Three
58. Some Relevant Terms
• Total U-Value – means the thermal transmittance of a composite
element, i.e. the ability of an element to conduct heat
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
60. Thermal Insulation
Thermal insulation must –
• Comply with AS/NZS 4859.1
• Be installed to form a consistent and continuous barrier, other
than at studs etc, in accordance with the BCA’s and manufacturer’s
requirements
• Not interfere with the operation of a domestic services or fitting, such
as downlights
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
61. Thermal Insulation
Thermal insulation may be –
• Added to elements of the building fabric to achieve the required level
of thermal performance
• Either reflective insulation or bulk insulation
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
62. Thermal Insulation
Thermal insulation needs to be installed so that –
• Any required airspace is provided adjacent to the reflective surface
of reflective insulation
• The thickness of bulk insulation is maintained as compression of
insulation material can reduce the R-Value
• Note: Consideration needs to be given to the risk that artificial
cooling or heating of internal spaces may promote condensation
within adjoining elements.
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
63. ROOFS
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
64. Roofs
• The roof of a house is typically the largest element of external fabric
exposed to solar radiation
• Roofs and/or ceilings need to be insulated to achieve the required
level of thermal performance
• Insulation performance required will depend upon direction of heat
flow, i.e. downwards or upwards
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
65. Direction of Heat Flow
• The direction of heat flow that needs to be counteracted will
depend on the climate zone
• The direction of heat flow is the dominant direction during typical
hours of occupation of the building
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
66. Roofs
Roof assemblies must achieve the
Total R-Value specified in Table
3.12.1.1a for the direction of heat
flow
For a pitched roof with flat ceiling:
− at least 50% of the roof insulation
on the ceiling
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Table 3.12.1.1a
Introduction to Module Three
67. Solar Absorptance Values
• Low solar absorptance values are associated with light coloured
roof materials, such as white or cream
• Light coloured roofs reduce the flow of heat from radiation better
than dark coloured roofs so don’t require as high a Total R-Value.
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
68. Solar Absorptance Values
Colour Value
Slate (dark grey) 0.90
Red, green 0.75
Yellow, buff 0.60
Zinc aluminium — dull 0.55
Galvanised steel — dull 0.55
Light grey 0.45
Off white 0.35
Light cream 0.30
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
69. Total R-Value
• In climate zones 1 to 5 - the Total R-Value may be reduced if the
roof space is ventilated
• When the area of required insulation is reduced, as a result of
downlights, flues or exhaust fans, the loss of insulation must be
compensated for by increasing the R-Value of insulation in the
remainder of the ceiling – See Table 3.12.1.1b
• Certain roofs with metal framing and cladding require a thermal
break to be installed
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
70. Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Total R-Value
Introduction to Module Three
71. Typical Construction
• Figure 3.12.1.1 presents Total R-Values (without insulation) for
different forms of roof and ceiling construction with and without a
ventilated ceiling and with “up” and “down” heat flow direction
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
72. Typical Construction
Figure 3.12.1.1 TOTAL R-VALUE FOR TYPICAL ROOF AND CEILING CONSTRUCTION
Roof construction detail Total R-Value
Ventilated
Up 0.74
Down 0.23
Unventilated
Up 0.56
Down 0.41
(c) Pitched roof with flat ceiling – Tiled roof
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
74. Roof Lights
• A roof light is a skylight, window or the like installed in a roof—
(a) to permit natural light to enter the room below; and
(b) at an angle between 0 and 70 degrees measured from the
horizontal plane
• BCA treats a roof light as an opening in a roof that allows heat flow
in or out – so it must be protected
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
75. Roof Lights
• The total area of roof lights serving habitable rooms and
connected spaces such as corridors is restricted
• Plus the aggregate area of roof lights serving a storey must be no
more than 3% of floor area
• Table 3.12.1.2 specifies allowable thermal performance for roof
lights
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
76. • Table 3.12.1.2 sets maximum SHGC and Total U-Values for roof
lights, which vary with:
− the roof light shaft index, and
− total area of roof lights as a % of floor area of the room or
space served
• Roof light shaft index is derived from the relationship of shaft
length to the average internal opening
• Special requirements apply where the roof light is the only means of
providing required natural light
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Roof Lights
Introduction to Module Three
77. Roof cladding
Roof
light
shaft
Wall
Shaft length measurement:
Measured from centre of the
shaft at the roof to the centre of
the shaft at the ceiling level.
1/2
1/2 1/2
1/2
Ceiling level
Roof light
STEP ONE:
MEASURE SHAFT LENGTH
(Section view)
STEP TWO:
MEASURE AVERAGE INTERNAL SHAFT
OPENING AT CEILING LEVEL, OR THE
DIAMETER FOR A CIRCULAR SHAFT
(Plan view)
Roof light
shaft
X
Y
Average internal opening = (X + Y) / 2
STEP THREE:
DIVIDE THE CENTRE SHAFT LENGTH (STEP ONE) BY THE AVERAGE INTERNAL SHAFT OPENING
(STEP TWO)
Roof light shaft index = Roof light shaft length / Average internal opening at ceiling level
79. External Walls
• As with roofs, the construction of external walls is a major factor in
the thermal efficiency of a building
• External walls don’t necessarily need to achieve a minimum Total R-
Value to comply
• Less insulation is required for high mass walls
• Table 3.12.1.3a (low mass walls) and 3.12.1.3b (high mass walls)
present options for wall construction within each climate zone
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
81. Typical Types of Wall
Construction
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
(a) Weatherboard (b) Fibre cement sheet
Total R-Value 0.48 Total R-Value 0.42
Introduction to Module Three
82. External Walls
• If the wall construction cannot comply – glazing in the same storey
might be allowed to compensate
• Metal framed walls with light weight external cladding require a
thermal break
• A significant amount of Explanatory Information is provided in BCA
Volume Two
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
84. Floors
• There are separate requirements for:
− Suspended floors - timber or concrete
− Suspended floors with a built-in heating or cooling system
− Slab-on-ground with a built-in heating or cooling system
• Suspended floors in climate zones 1-3 inclusive must achieve a Total
R-Value for heat flow in the upwards direction.
• In climate zones 4-8, the Total R-Value is for heat flow downwards
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
85. Suspended Floors
• Table 3.12.1.4 (next slide) sets minimum Total R-Values for
suspended floors
• Table 3.12.1.4 does not differentiate between enclosed and
unenclosed suspended floors
• The effects of enclosure are included when calculating the Total R-
Value of the floor construction
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
86. Table 3.12.1.4 SUSPENDED FLOOR – MINIMUM TOTAL R-VALUE
Climate zone 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Direction of heat flow
Upwards Downwards
Minimum Total R-
Value
1.5 1.0 1.5 2.25 1.0 2.25 2.75 3.25
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Suspended Floors
Introduction to Module Three
87. • Table 3.12.1.5 – presents typical Total R-Values for suspended
floors
• Table 3.12.1.5 has separate parts for suspended timber floors and
suspended concrete floors
• Total R-Values are shown for four types of subfloor enclosure
Suspended Floors
88. Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Suspended Floors
Extract of Table 3.12.1.5 –
Introduction to Module Three
90. Attached Class 10a Buildings
• A Class 10a building may include a garage, pool enclosure, etc.
• A Class 10a should not compromise the thermal performance of the
Class 1 building
• Design options are described on the next slide
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
91. • A Class 10a attached to a Class 1 must either-
(a) have external fabric that achieves required level of
performance for the Class 1, OR
(b) be separated by construction that achieves required level of
performance for the Class 1, OR
(c) in climate zone 5 only – see over
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Attached Class 10a Buildings
Introduction to Module Three
92. Climate zone 5 only
• be enclosed with masonry walls - other than for doors and glazing;
AND
• be separated from the Class 1 building - by a masonry wall
extending to a ceiling or roof; AND
• achieve a Total R-Value in the roof - equal to that required for the
Class 1 building; AND
• achieve the required garage door orientation or the glazing of the
Class 1 complies using a reduced SHGC allowance.
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Attached Class 10a Buildings
Introduction to Module Three
93. Class
10a
Class 1
Attached Class 10a
Building
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
Class
10a
Class 1
Class 1Class 10a
Class 1Class 1
Class 10a Class 1
Option (a)
Option (c)(i) Option (c)(ii)
Option (b)
95. Part 3.12.2 - External Glazing
• Good design of glazing in external walls can provide the greatest
gains in energy efficiency in housing
• The intent is to control the amount of energy entering or leaving a
building
• The provisions address both external glazing and shading of
glazing
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
96. Definition of Glazing
• Glazing - for the purposes of Part 2.6 and Part 3.12 means:
"a transparent or translucent element and its supporting frame
located in the external fabric of the building, and includes a window
other than a roof light”
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
97. • Location of the building (climate zone)
• Total area of glazing
• Degree of exposure to the sun – orientation and shading
• Type of frame and glass used
• The likelihood of the building being air-conditioned
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Factors Affecting Heat Transfer
Introduction to Module Three
98. Some Relevant Terms
• Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) – a measure of the proportion
of solar energy (or radiation) that passes through glazing
• High SHGC values - allow more solar energy into a room
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
99. • Total U-Value - a measure of the ability of a material to conduct
heat
• Low Total U-Value means the material is a poor conductor of heat
- this is good
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Some Relevant Terms
Introduction to Module Three
100. • Glazing provisions require:
− calculation of allowed heat flows through glazing; and
− calculation of actual heat flows through glazing
• For Deemed-to-Satisfy designs actual heat flows must not exceed
the allowed heat flows
• Part 3.12.2.1. provides formulae for calculations OR
• You can use the ABCB Glazing Calculator
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Acceptable Construction Practice
Introduction to Module Three
101. Acceptable Construction Practice
• Part 3.12.2.1 – A two step process
• Step 1
• Use Table 3.12.2.1 to calculate the allowances for:
− conductance
− solar heat gain
for the glazing in each storey of the building
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
102. Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Acceptable Construction Practice
Table 3.12.2.1 CONSTANTS FOR CONDUCTANCE AND SOLAR HEAT GAIN
Floor construction Air movement
(refer notes)
Constant Climate zone
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Floor in direct contact
with the ground
Standard
CU 1.650 18.387 14.641 7.929 13.464 6.418 5.486 3.987
CSHGC 0.063 0.074 0.062 0.097 0.122 0.153 0.189 0.234
High
CU 1.650 18.387 14.641 7.929 13.464 6.418 5.486 3.987
CSHGC 0.069 0.081 0.068 0.107 0.134 0.168 0.208 0.257
Suspended floor
Standard
CU 1.485 16.548 13.177 7.136 12.118 5.776 4.937 3.588
CSHGC 0.057 0.067 0.056 0.087 0.110 0.138 0.170 0.211
High
CU 1.485 16.548 13.177 7.136 12.118 5.776 4.937 3.588
CSHGC 0.063 0.074 0.062 0.096 0.121 0.152 0.187 0.232
Introduction to Module Three
103. • Step 2
Calculate actual:
− Aggregate conductance
− Aggregate solar heat gain
of the glazing in each storey
• Each glazing element must be assessed individually and added
to establish the aggregate value for each storey
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Acceptable Construction Practice
Introduction to Module Three
104. Step 2 – Aggregate Conductance
• In climate zone 1 only, calculate the aggregate conductance by
multiplying the:
− Area for each glazing element
− Total U-Value for each glazing element
• Add the results for each glazing element to find aggregate
• In climate zones 2 to 8, the calculation is more complex with the Ew
(winter exposure factor – see Table 3.12.2.2a) and the SHGC of
each glazing element considered to balance potential solar heat gains
and heat loss by conduction in these climate zones.
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
105. Step 2 – Aggregate Solar Heat
Gain
• Calculate aggregate solar heat gain by multiplying:
− Area for each glazing element
− SHGC for each glazing element
− Es (summer solar exposure factor) for each glazing element
• Add the results for each glazing element to get an aggregate value
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
106. • Es (summer solar exposure factor) can be found using Table
3.12.2.2b (for each climate zone)
• To use the Table you will need to determine-
− the orientation of each glazing element using Figure 3.12.2.1 –
discussed later
− the P/H ratio of shading projections – using Figure 3.12.2.2
and Part 3.12.2.2 – discussed later
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Step 2 – Aggregate Solar Heat
gain
Introduction to Module Three
107. Step 2 – Notes
• Total U-Values and SHGCs might be included on glazing element
labels or can be obtained from manufacturers
• Total U-Values and SHGCs must be for the glass and the frame
combined
• Total U-Values and SHGCs must be Australian Fenestration
Rating Council (AFRC) ratings
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
108. Orientation
• North orientation minimises summer sun and maximises winter sun
• A glazing element is considered to face North if it faces any direction
in the North orientation sector of Figure 3.12.2.1
• The orientation of other glazing elements is determined in a similar
way
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
110. Shading
• Shading required in order to comply with Part 3.12.2.1 must
comply with Part 3.12.2.2
• Shading can be provided by-
− external permanent projections such as a verandah or
carport; or
− external shading devices such as shutters, blinds or screens
• External shading devices must be capable of restricting at least
80% of the summer solar radiation, and if adjustable, able to be
controlled by the building occupants.
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
111. Figure 3.12.2.2
Measuring P and H
Notes:
1. An external shading device that complies with
3.12.2.2(b) is considered to achieve a P/H
value of 2.00.
2. Where G exceeds 500mm, the value of P must
be halved.
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
112. Compare the Results
• Once aggregate conductance and aggregate solar heat gain
values are calculated - compare the actual values against the
allowances for each storey
• Aggregate values must not be greater than the allowances in
both cases for Deemed-to-Satisfy designs
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
113. Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
115. Part 3.12.3 - Building Sealing
• Provisions for Building Sealing address:
− Chimneys and flues
− Roof lights
− External windows and doors
− Exhaust fans
− Construction of roofs, walls and floors
− Evaporative coolers
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
116. • Limiting unwanted air leakage into and out of a building can have
a major impact on stabilising temperature inside a building
• Sealing openings, joints and gaps is also an effective means of
controlling drafts which can make occupants feel the temperature
is lower than it actually is
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Part 3.12.3 - Building Sealing
Introduction to Module Three
117. • Sealing provisions generally apply to Class 1 buildings and Class
10a buildings with a conditioned space; other than:
− Where the only means of air-conditioning is an evaporative
cooler in climate zones 1, 2, 3 and 5
− Permanent ventilation openings for safe operation of gas
appliances
− Class 10a building accommodating vehicles
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Part 3.12.3 - Building Sealing
Introduction to Module Three
118. Chimneys & Flues
• Chimneys or flues of solid fuel burning appliances (e.g. timber,
coal etc) must have a damper or flap that can be closed to seal
the chimney or flue
• The general provisions of Part 3.7.3 "Heating Appliances" should
also be considered
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
119. Roof Lights
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
• Roof lights serving a conditioned space or a habitable room in
climate zones 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 must be–
− sealed or capable of being sealed; and
− have an imperforate ceiling diffuser; or
− a weatherproof seal; or
− an occupant operated shutter system
Introduction to Module Three
120. External Windows and Doors
• Must be fitted with edge seals if in:
− a conditioned space; or
− a habitable room in climate zones 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
• The bottom edge of an external swing door must be fitted with a draft
protection device
• Other required edge seals for doors and windows may be
compressible or fibrous strips
• Compliance with AS 2047 is acceptable for windows
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
121. Exhaust Fans
• Must be fitted with a sealing device if in-
− a conditioned space; or
− a habitable room in climate zones 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
• A sealing device includes-
− a self-closing damper; or
− a filter – such as in a kitchen range hood
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
122. Roofs, External Walls and
External Floors
• Must be constructed to minimise air leakage if part of the external
fabric of –
− a conditioned space; or
− a habitable room in climate zones 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
• Construction must incorporate internal lining systems sealed by
skirting, architraves, cornices, caulking or the like
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
123. Evaporative Coolers
• Must be fitted with a self-closing damper or similar when serving-
− a heated space; or
− a habitable room in climate zones 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
125. Part 3.12.4 - Air Movement
• Provisions for Air Movement address:
− Ventilation openings location and size
− Breeze paths between ventilation openings
− Ceiling fans and evaporative coolers
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
126. • The intent of these provisions is to:
− Maximise the cooling effects of natural air movement
− Facilitate internal cross-flow ventilation
− Reduce demand for air-conditioning
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Part 3.12.4 - Air Movement
Introduction to Module Three
127. • Provisions apply to habitable rooms in Class 1 buildings in climate
zones 1 to 5
• Provisions are separate to Part 3.8.5
• Table 3.12.4.1 sets minimum total ventilation opening area as a % of
the floor area of the habitable room based on:
− Climate zone
− Provision of a ceiling fan or an evaporative cooler
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Part 3.12.4 - Air Movement
Introduction to Module Three
128. Table 3.12.4.1
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Climate
zones
Minimum total ventilation opening area as a percentage of
the floor area for each habitable room
Without a ceiling
fan or evaporative
cooler
With a ceiling fan With an
evaporative cooler
1 10% 7.5% 10% (see Note)
2 10% 7.5% 10% (see Note)
3 10% 7.5% 7.5%
4 10% 5% 5%
5 7.5% 5% 7.5% (see Note)
6, 7 and 8 As required by Part 3.8.5
Introduction to Module Three
129. • Table 3.12.4.1 does not apply to Class 1 buildings in REGION D –
Severe Tropical Cyclone areas – subject to specific
circumstances
• Air movement may be provided from openings in certain adjoining
rooms, including an enclosed verandah
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Part 3.12.4 - Air Movement
Introduction to Module Three
130. Ventilation Openings
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
LIVING
DINING KITCHEN L’DRY
W.C.
BATH
BED 3
BED 1BED 2
131. Ceiling Fans & Evaporative
Coolers
• Ceiling fans & evaporative coolers used to establish the size of
ventilation openings under Table 3.12.4.1 must-
− be permanently installed and
− have a speed controller and
− for ceiling fans, have-
900mm minimum diameter for up to 15 m2
coverage
1200mm minimum diameter for up to 25 m2
coverage
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
133. Part 3.12.5 - Services
• Provisions for domestic services address:
− Acceptable construction manuals for hot water
− Acceptable construction practice for:
Insulation of services Hot water supply
Central heating water piping Heating and pumping for pools
Heating and cooling ductwork or spas
Electric resistance space heating
Artificial lighting
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
134. Services
• The intent is to minimise energy lost through operation of systems for:
− Air-conditioning
− Central heating
− Hot water supply
− Lighting
− Pool & spa heating and pumping
• The Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions apply to domestic services in both
Class 1 and Class 10a buildings and Class 10b swimming pools.
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
135. Acceptable Construction Manual
• Two manuals are referenced
• Compliance with Section 8 of AS/NZS 3500.4 OR Clause 3.38 of
AS/NZS 3500.5 is deemed to satisfy P2.6.2 in regard to design and
installation of a hot water supply system
• Solar hot water systems in climate zones 1, 2 or 3 are not required
to comply
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
136. Insulation of Services
• Thermal insulation for piping and ductwork must-
− comply with AS/NZS 4859.1
− be protected against detrimental effects of weather and
sunlight; and
− withstand temperatures to which they will be exposed
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
137. Central Heating Water Piping
• Piping not located in the conditioned space served must be
insulated to achieve a minimum material R-Value specified in Table
3.12.5.1
• Material R-Value depends on-
− the exposure of the piping to the outdoors; and
− the climate zone
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
138. Heating and Cooling Ductwork
• Heating and cooling ductwork located outside the insulated
building envelope must -
− achieve the material R-Value in Table 3.12.5.2
− be sealed against air loss
• Duct insulation must –
− form a continuous and consistent barrier
− be protected from damp in certain locations
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
139. Heating and Cooling Ductwork
• Table 3.12.5.2 material R-Values depend on –
− the climate zone
− the type of heating and/or cooling system
• Required material R-Values are higher for ductwork than for fittings
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
140. Electric Space Heating
• An electric resistance space heating system that serves more than
one room must have -
− separate isolating switches for each room; and
− separate temperature/time controls for each zone; and
− power loads of not more than –
110 W/m2
for living areas; and
150 W/m2
for bathrooms
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
141. Artificial Lighting
• Artificial lighting must not exceed specified power allowances
• The power allowance can be increased if there are sophisticated
lighting controls
• Halogens must be separately switched from fluorescents
• Outside lighting must be controlled by a motion sensor or be of high
efficacy
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
143. Supply Water Heaters
Supply water heaters in a hot water supply system must be -
• solar (efficiency depending upon size)
• heat pump (efficiency depending upon size)
• gas (5 star)
• electric resistance only for small units with other conditions
applying
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
144. Pool & Spa Heating &
Pumping
Swimming pools –
• heating by solar only – no electric resistance boosting
• if less than 680L, must have a time switch for the pump
Spas (sharing a water recirculation system with a swimming pool) –
• heating by solar, gas, heat pump or a combination
• if any of the heating is by gas or heat pump, the spa must have-
− a cover; and
− push button and time switch control of the heater
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
146. Option to Develop an
Alternative Solution
• To comply with BCA Performance Requirements some practitioners
will follow the Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions just described
• However – it’s often preferable to design something different from
Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions and to develop an Alternative
Solution
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
148. Complying with the Performance
Requirements
• Compliance with the Performance Requirements can only be
achieved by:
a) complying with the Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions; or
b) formulating an Alternative Solution which -
(i) complies with the Performance Requirements; or
(ii) is shown to be at least equivalent to the Deemed-to-Satisfy
Provisions; or
a) a combination of a) and b)
Developing Alternative
Solutions
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
149. Design Flexibility
• The BCA provides two pathways to formulate an Alternative
Solution –
− formulating an Alternative Solution to meet the Performance
Requirements; or
− formulating an Alternative Solution to at least equate to
Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions.
Developing Alternative
Solutions
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
150. Flexibility in Compliance
• Either of these options can be explored to establish the most
appropriate pathway for a particular Alternative Solution
• A decision regarding the most appropriate approach may be
influenced by the views of the Certifying Authority
Developing Alternative
Solutions
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
151. Consultation
• It is beneficial to discuss an Alternative Solution with the Certifying
Authority before lodging an application for approval
• Also discuss the scope of supporting documentation needed
• The Certifying Authority can advise on likely Assessment Methods
but should not become involved in development of the design
Developing Alternative
Solutions
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
153. Alternative Solutions
• The development of Alternative Solutions was covered in detail in
Module Two
• Relevant BCA provisions can be found in Section 1 of Volume Two
Developing Alternative
Solutions
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
155. Assessment Methods
• Assessment methods were discussed in detail in Module Two
• Methods for assessing Building Solutions are listed at Part 1.0.9
• The Certifying Authority will assess compliance of Alternative
Solutions
• The applicant is required to demonstrate compliance with the
relevant Performance Requirements
Developing Alternative
Solutions
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
156. Four Assessment Methods are listed at Part 1.0.9:
• Evidence of Suitability described in Part 1.2.2
• Verification Methods
• Comparison with Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions
• Expert Judgement
Developing Alternative
Solutions
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Assessment Methods
Introduction to Module Three
158. Evidence of Suitability
• Forms of Evidence of Suitability are listed in Part 1.2.2 of Volume
Two
• The listed documents generally involve third party mechanisms
that may be used to assist either the formulation or assessment of
Building Solutions
Developing Alternative
Solutions
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
159. • Registered Testing Authority report
• Certificate of Conformity / current Certificate of Accreditation
• Certification from appropriately qualified persons
• Certification from a body accredited by the Joint Accreditation
System of Australia and New Zealand (JAS-ANZ)
• Any other form of documentary evidence
Developing Alternative
Solutions
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Evidence of Suitability
Introduction to Module Three
161. Verification Methods
• A Verification Method is defined as:
− a test, inspection, calculation or other method that determines
whether a Building Solution complies with the relevant
Performance Requirements
• The definition allows a broad range of processes to be used to
verify compliance
Developing Alternative
Solutions
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
162. Verification Methods
Part 2.6 contains two Verification Methods –
• One for energy efficiency of the building shell (V2.6.2.2 –
Verification using a reference building)
• One for a supply water heater (V2.6.3)
• Remember - other Verification Methods may be used
Developing Alternative
Solutions
Scope of the BCA Methods of ComplianceIntroduction to Module Three
163. • V2.6.2.2 for a building’s shell applies to:
− a whole Class 1 building
− a whole Class 1 building that incorporates attached and
enclosed Class 10a parts, such as attached garages
• It does not apply to detached garages or to open carports
Developing Alternative
Solutions
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Verification Method
V2.6.2.2
Introduction to Module Three
164. • Allows the use of a broad range of Australian and international
energy analysis software
• Requires a thermal calculation to show that relevant cooling or
heating loads are not greater than than those of the reference
building
• Relevant loads vary between climate zones – so check what’s
required
Developing Alternative
Solutions
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Verification Method
V2.6.2.2
Introduction to Module Three
165. • The Method presents specific criteria to be used for modelling
• Criteria are either individually specified, such as space
temperature settings, or one of the complying Deemed-to-Satisfy
solutions
Developing Alternative
Solutions
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Verification Method
V2.6.2.2
Introduction to Module Three
166. • Does not cover domestic services – they must be DTS or be
demonstrated to comply with P2.6.2 using another Assessment
Method
• Uses a reference building
• Requires two computer modelling runs;
− one to set the energy load target(s)
− another to show that each target isn’t exceeded
Developing Alternative
Solutions
Scope of the BCA Methods of Compliance
Verification Method V2.6.2.2
Introduction to Module Three
168. Administrative Matters
• All State/Territory jurisdictions have administrative provisions for
the design and construction of buildings
• Energy efficiency is an issue for which specific administrative
processes may exist; e.g. accreditation of energy efficiency
assessors may be required
• Practitioners need to be aware of relevant processes and ensure
they comply
• Alterations, additions and renovations
Welcome everyone to our training program on the Building Code of Australia energy efficiency provisions for Class 1 and 10 buildings . My name is………………………and I ’ll be presenting this program. My training and experience mainly relate to ……………… As most of you will be aware, the Building Code of Australia comprises Volume One and Two of the NCC Series and is adopted by all States and Territories of Australia as a mandatory code governing the design and construction of new buildings, as well as additions and alterations to existing buildings. This presentation titled “ Energy Efficiency Provisions for Class 1 and 10 Buildings ” has been developed to provide some fundamental information on how to effectively apply the energy efficiency provisions. As we move through the presentation there may be instances where certain information is not clearly understood - so please ask questions at any time. Proceed to the next slide
This presentation forms part of a diverse Training Program that has been developed as an initiative of the Australian Building Codes Board - which we ’ll now refer to as the ABCB. The ABCB is the organisation responsible for the development and ongoing maintenance of the National Construction Code - which we ’ll now refer to as the NCC . The ABCB ’s Training Program comprises a series of modules and as you can see this Module is number 3 – and there’s more to come! This presentation has been developed on the basis that you have sufficient knowledge of the BCA to effectively use the Code – i.e. while you may not have attended presentations on Modules One and Two, you should have an understanding of the general operation of the BCA. Just as a reminder, let ’s have a look at the documents that make up the NCC Series and do a quick recap of the main points covered in Modules One and Two. Proceed to the next slide
The NCC Series comprises the Building Code of Australia (BCA) , Volume One and Volume Two; and the Plumbing Code of Australia (PCA) , as Volume Three. To support Volume One of the BCA, the Volume One Appendices and Guide to Volume One are also produced. Today ’s presentation will focus on the application of the energy efficiency provisions of NCC Volume Two - Building Code of Australia, which we will now refer to as the BCA . Proceed to the next slide
If you have participated in other training sessions you may recollect that……….. Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
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Regulatory systems contain two types of provisions – i.e. Administrative requirements and Technical requirements ( Point to the various components, noting that the two volumes of the BCA are key technical standards). Administrative matters are contained in State or Territory legislation, typically Acts and Regulations . The BCA is adopted nationally for the purpose of establishing Technical Standards. Proceed to the next slide
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Now for a quick recap on Module Two…… Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
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You may remember this graphic representation of the structure and operation of the BCA. Remember you don ’t need to comply with the Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions if you don’t wish to. You have the choice of developing your own Alternative Solution – but if you do so you'll need to convince the Certifying Authority that your design complies with the mandatory Performance Requirements . To demonstrate to the Certifying Authority that your Alternative Solution complies with the Performance Requirements , you can use one of the Assessment Methods listed Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide I must emphasise that this presentation conveys FUNDAMENTAL INFORMATION i.e. the "must have" knowledge for practitioners to work effectively with the BCA. Obviously - experience in working with the BCA will build upon the information you ’ll receive today but, without this information, your ability to produce professional outcomes can be hampered. Note – Additional information relating to the BCA energy efficiency provisions can be found on the ABCB website, www.abcb.gov.au. Proceed to next slide
What are we talking about when we refer to BCA energy efficiency provisions? We ’re talking about requirements that reduce the amount of energy used to operate services in a building and thereby lower the associated greenhouse gas emissions. Read the slide. Note that hot water has two types. i.e. hot water for space heating and hot water for sanitary uses . Also note that "domestic services" is a defined term, which we'll address a little later. Proceed to the next slide.
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This Module will be presented in three parts……….. (bring in the first text box). The first part will cover the Background to the Energy Efficiency Provisions ……….. (bring in the second text box). The second part will cover the Scope of the BCA………… (bring in the third text box). And the third part will cover the Methods of Compliance . The headings that will be addressed in these three parts include… Proceed to the next slide
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We've just used the term "star rating" in several of the past slides – but some of you may not appreciate what it actually means. For residences, it's a numeric scale of energy load from ZERO (no energy efficiency features or savings) to TEN (a building that does not need additional energy to heat or cool). The numbers behind the ratings vary between locations. Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
As with the development of any new regulations, the ABCB consulted widely with the community and the building industry to ensure that the new energy efficiency provisions would be effective and generally acceptable. Therefore the draft provisions were…………… Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
The activities of the ABCB are governed by an Intergovernment Agreement (IGA) that requires compliance with Council of Australian Government (COAG) general principles for the development of regulations. In essence, these principles only allow new regulations to be introduced if other means of achieving compliance with government policy can be demonstrated to have failed or give lower net benefit, e.g. market forces, consumer education or development of "guideline" documents. Therefore the development of new regulation is treated as a final option . If new regulations are required, they must be subjected to rigorous cost benefit analysis and a Regulation Impact Statement (RIS) will be required for significant regulatory proposals. For new regulation to be implemented, a RIS must demonstrate that a net benefit to the community will be achieved. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide It should be noted that in 2003 the BCA introduced 4 star for climate zones 4 to 8 and 3.5 star for climate zones 1 to 3 for housing because of a concern over the software ’s accuracy in warmer climates. However, this differentiation in star rating requirements for different climate zones was not retained in BCA 2006 because the second generation software, e.g. AccuRate, became more reliable for hot regions. Proceed to the next slide
As well as assisting in the development of minimum provisions for inclusion in the BCA, DCCEE has also been working on the development of higher standards for voluntary implementation. Read the slide Click on the URL and it will take you directly to the website (provided you are linked to the Internet at the time) Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide As you can see; the BCA requirements primarily address two key issues, i.e. heat flow through the building envelope and domestic services that use energy. You can see that the terms envelope and domestic services are written in italics so that means they ’re defined terms. Let’s see what they mean for the purposes of the BCA. Proceed to the next slide.
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Read the slide In combination – the regulation of the building fabric should assist the thermal efficiency of the building as well as the efficiency of the domestic services ; therefore allowing services to use less energy. In some instances, preference is given to renewable energy or energy from sources that result in the least greenhouse gas emission. Proceed to the next slide
While the principles of energy efficiency are relatively simple, we know that not all of Australia has the same climate and therefore we don ’t have the same requirements being applied nationally. Note that the software approach for dwellings further divides the country into about 70 climate zones. Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
This is a reproduction of the map contained in Volume Two Part 1.1, where it appears as Figure 1.1.4. A larger version folds out from the back cover of the BCA and is available for download online at the ABCB website. The differences in climate are shown with climate zone 1 being the orange parts in northern Australia and climate zone 8 being the small white parts in south east regions. Proceed to the next slide
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The BCA achieves “energy efficiency” and the reduction of GHG's, through the application of a variety of basic design concepts; these being………….. Read the slide Energy efficient buildings can be designed for various climate zones by varying the scope and degree of application of these basic design concepts. That completes the “Principles of Energy Efficiency” - so let’s move on to discussion of the actual BCA requirements. Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide It should be mentioned that because Section 1 sets the rules by which the BCA is applied, most of the content of Section 1 is also mandatory. Proceed to the next slide
Read the first two points Acceptable Construction Manuals (ACM) can include Australian Standards and other referenced documents that can be followed to comply with the Performance Requirements ; whilst Acceptable Construction Practice (ACP) is included in the BCA and present detailed ‘recipes’ that generally reflect traditional building practice and can also be followed to comply with the Performance Requirements . Remember – however that both ACM and ACP are optional means of complying with the relevant Performance Requirements. Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide The wording of these requirements is presented on the following slides. Proceed to the next slide
Here is the text of Performance Requirement 2.6.1 Read the slide The key to this requirement is the need to achieve an appropriate level of thermal performance for the building fabric in consideration of design issues (a) to (g), all of which have the ability to influence the thermal performance of the building. Proceed to the next slide
The second issue that the BCA energy efficiency provisions address is domestic services in buildings. There are two parts; the first is about the energy efficiency of the service. Read the lead in sentence and (a) The second part is about where the energy comes from but refers only to energy for heating. Read (b) As a reminder, the definition of domestic services is described on the next slide. Proceed to the next slide
Performance Requirement P2.6.2 includes "any associated distribution system and components ". What items would you expect to be included in the distribution system of a domestic service? (Suggest answers if none are offered by participants – e.g. piping or ducting) Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide In the past, the energy rating solution was included as a Verification Method in Part 2.6 but from BCA 2010 has been included at Part 3.12 to become another option in the Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions. These pathways will be further explained on the following slide. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide Please note how both options are required to comply with Part 3.12.5 for Services. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide As would be expected, the parts listed above are consistent with the design issues listed in Performance Requirements P2.6.1 and P2.6.2. Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide In the following slides we'll be discussing all of these issues. Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide As you can see, glazing is the biggest contributor to heat gain and heat loss in a typical building. You will recall that the Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions set a minimum area for natural lighting in a habitable room , which is usually provided by glazed windows. In addition, people like to take advantage of available views and often install large glazed areas in entertainment or general living rooms - so most houses have a variety of glazed openings in external walls . Glazing is popular in housing – but it facilitates heat transfer into or out of a house, depending on temperature differences. Remember your high school physics? Heat will flow toward a cooler environment. Therefore appropriate controls/treatments of glazing can significantly influence the energy efficiency of a house. Proceed to the next slide
Before we go much further let's look at some defined terms we're about to encounter in the elemental Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions. Read the slide Let's have a look at some typical R-Values for masonry-veneer wall construction. Proceed to the next slide
Information on the Total R-Value of a type of construction can be found in Tables 3.12.1.1, 3.12.1.3, and 3.12.1.5 of BCA Volume Two or alternatively using other reference material (such as Specifications J1.2, J1.5 and J1.6 of BCA Volume One). On the left side of the table you can see an image of the clay masonry veneer construction including the components of the assembly. On the right side you can see the Total R-Value for this assembly, which is 0.56 . Note – The Total R-Value for this construction was determined by adding together the R-Values for outdoor air film, wall cladding or veneer, wall cavity or airspace, internal lining and internal air film. Where a wall cavity or airspace is filled the Total R-Value should be reduced by 0.17 to take account of the loss of the cavity or airspace. Proceed to the next slide
Here is another term we're about to encounter. We just looked at the term R-Value , which relates to a material's ability to resist heat, and here we have the term Total U-Value which relates to an element’s ability to conduct heat. Read the slide Now let's look at some of the ways in which individual building elements are addressed in the elemental Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions. Proceed to the next slide
Firstly – we'll discuss "THERMAL INSULATION" Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide Now let's look at Roofing Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide Note that insulation is more effective at limiting heat flow downwards than it is against heat flow upwards Proceed to the next slide
During the development of the energy efficiency provisions there was debate regarding the dominant direction of heat flow in certain mild climate zones. For the purpose of the BCA it has been established on the basis of " typical hours of occupation of the building ". It takes account of the higher rate of occupancy of houses at night time rather than day time. Read the slide Now let's look at elemental Deemed-to-Satisfy Total R-Values for roof assemblies in the different climate zones. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide As can be seen in Table 3.12.1.1a , the required Total R-Value of the roof is dependant on the climate zone (and altitude if in climate zone 2 ) and upper surface solar absorptance value of the roof. Note – Altitude means the height above the Australian Height Datum at the location where the building is to be constructed. Proceed to the next slide
You may have noticed in Table 3.12.1.1a on the previous slide that the higher the upper surface solar absorptance value the higher the required Total R-Value . This is because… Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
Here are some typical absorptance values which have been taken from the Explanatory Information in BCA Volume Two. Read the slide Note – These are absorptance values for solar radiation. They should not be confused with absorptance values for visible light Proceed to the next slide
Read the first two points Note – The ceiling insulation must only be increased once the “free allowance” of 0.5% of uninsulated ceiling area is exceeded. Increasing the R-Value of the remaining insulation of the ceiling compensates for the loss of insulation at lights, flues, fans etc In addition to this… Read the last point The requirement to include a thermal break is to reduce the transfer of heat through the metal framing that bridges directly between the indoors and the outer cladding. Proceed to the next slide
This is an extract from the Australian Standard AS/NZS 3000 for electrical installations which shows how insulation must be kept away from downlights The values in the table are worst-case values. Smaller clearances can be used if they are supported by the manufacturer’s product information Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide Part of Figure 3.12.1.1 can be seen on the next slide. Proceed to the next slide
(Explain the composition of the Figure, i.e. the different requirements based on ventilation and heat flow, and its use in determining the R-Value of insulation that must be added – Note that this was discussed in earlier slides ) Now let's move onto ROOF LIGHTS. Proceed to the next slide
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This diagram was taken from the ABCB publication "Energy Efficiency Provisions for BCA 2010 Volume Two” and explains the process required to determine a roof light shaft index. Briefly describe the method and advise that explanations are provided in the Notes to Table 3.12.1.2. We'll discuss External Walls next. Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide In Table 3.12.1.3a, low mass external walls must achieve a Total R-Value . However, in Table 3.12.3.1b, different options for compliance are provided for high mass walls. Let’s have a look at Table 3.12.1.3b for climate zones 4 and 6 and see what options are provided. Proceed to the next slide
As can be seen from the Table, there a three options for compliance in climate zones 4 and 6. Note how there is not a specified Total R-Value that must be achieved. Examples of typical types of wall construction are provided on the next slide. The Total R-Values of these types of construction will need to be considered when using Table 3.12.1.3a Proceed to the next slide
These are only two types of wall construction and other types are presented in Figure 3.12.1.3. To achieve the Total R-Value required by Table 3.12.1.3a , the cavity of the wall is likely to be completely filled with insulation. As noted in the Explanatory information below Figure 3.12.1.3, when this occurs the Total R-Value of the wall construction should be reduced by 0.17 to take account of the loss of (the insulating effect of) the cavity or airspace. The R-Value of the added insulation can then be included to calculate the Total R-Value . Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide As we mentioned before with roofs - the requirement to include a thermal break is to minimise the transfer of heat through the metal frame. Next – we'll look at provisions for FLOORS. Proceed to the next slide
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Emphasise that there are separate requirements for the typical types of floor construction Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide A copy of Table 3.12.1.4. is located on the next slide Proceed to the next slide
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This table presents inherent Total R-Values for suspended timber floor for different levels of enclosure. (Briefly explain the Table – i.e. the different levels of enclosure, direction of heat flow, the different types of construction for the enclosure etc) Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide Examples of (a) (b) and (c) are presented after the following slide. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide Note – These requirements are only for buildings in climate zone 5. Proceed to the next slide
Explain the slide – point out the location of the respective "enveloping" construction for each option (a), (b), (c) (i) and (c) (ii) described on the earlier slide. Note the masonry walls required in option (c) Okay – now we'll discuss one of the most critical factors in energy efficiency – External Glazing Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide Note that glazing refers to frame and glass working together Proceed to the next slide
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As we've done before – let's discuss some relevant terms we'll come across in the next few slides. Firstly – solar heat gain coefficient. Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
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As there is no Acceptable Construction Manual for External Glazing we'll go straight to discussion of Acceptable Construction Practice. Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
Let’s look at calculation by formulae first Read the slide A copy of Table 3.12.2.1. is provided on the next slide so we can see how the Table works. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide Note that Table 3.12.2.1 contains two different floor types (see first column on the left). A floor in direct contact with the ground is a concrete slab on ground floor (including a concrete slab on fill). A suspended floor can be a timber or steel framed floor but also includes a suspended concrete slab. Solar heat gain allowances are lower for suspended floors. For each floor type, there are Standard or High air movement levels. Notes below Table 3.12.2.1 explain the difference and allow interpolation for values in between. Solar heat gain allowances are higher for higher air movement levels. Find the values of C U and C SHGC that apply for the chosen floor type, air movement level and climate zone . In climate zone 1 only, multiply the area of the storey (measured inside the external walls) by C U to calculate the allowance for conductance. In climate zones 2-8, the allowance is equal to C U . To calculate the solar heat gain allowance, multiply the area of the storey by C SHGC . . The calculation is the same in all climate zones . Proceed to the next slide
Now let's look at STEP 2 Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide U-Values can be found on manufacturers’ web-sites or in technical manuals. There are also conservative generic values in the BCA’s Explanatory Information to 3.12.2.1. Note - The area of each glazing element is measured to the outside of the frame area Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide We spoke before about the area of the window including the frame area. SHGC values can be found on manufacturers’ web-sites or in technical manuals. There are also conservative generic values in the BCA’s Explanatory Information to 3.12.2.1. The next slide addresses E s – the solar exposure factor. Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide Note: The Windows Energy Rating Scheme (WERS) database is continuously being updated as well. A large catalogue of results is available online through WERS. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide A copy of Figure 3.12.2.1 is on the next slide Proceed to the next slide
Explain the structure of the chart The chart shows eight possible orientation sectors. The arrows around the circle show where each sector starts and ends to avoid confusion about their boundaries Proceed to the next slide
Shading contributes to the assessment of the solar exposure factor (E s ) via the P/H value Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
Explain the diagram demonstrating the method of measuring P and H The projection (P) is measured horizontally from the face of the glazing to the outermost projection which can cast a shadow on the face of the glazing in summer (December to February inclusive). Sometimes a gutter will be positioned to cast a shadow in summer. It need not cast that shadow in winter (June to August inclusive) to be counted for summer-time shading. The height (H) is measured from the bottom of the glazing to the underside of the shading edge used to measure P. The projection must also extend horizontally on both sides of the glazing for a distance not less than the distance of P. A shading edge can be below the top of the glazing (e.g.: in an awning) or above (e.g.: in a high set eaves). If it is more than 500mm above (G), the value of P must be halved to allow for reduced shading effectiveness. Proceed to the next slide
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An easier way to apply the Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions for glazing is to use the ABCB Glazing Calculator. The calculator is available on the ABCB website. Explain the structure of the Glazing Calculator. Note: the calculator has some explanation boxes built in. Look for cells with red triangles in their upper right corners. Required input includes: climate zone , storey identification, floor-type, air-movement, glazing element details (orientation sector, height, width, Total U-Value , SHGC ) and shading measurements "P" and "H", as per DTS. Calculations are updated continuously during input and the result will appear in the bottom right-hand corner of the calculator. A big tick ( √) shows compliance. Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide In the next few slides we'll address each of these components of the elemental Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide Limiting unintended leakage does not mean that the building is sealed airtight. The need for controlled ventilation is recognised and protected by Part 3.8.5. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide Explanatory information to Part 3.12.3 offers additional information. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide As with most provisions in the BCA, individual provisions should not be read in isolation. While the energy efficiency provisions address the sealing of the chimney or flue, there are other fire safety provisions relating to chimneys and flues that may also be applicable. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide Note – the need to seal roof lights in conditioned spaces applies in every climate zone. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide Note the similarity to the treatment to roof lights . Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide Note the similarity to the treatment of roof lights and external windows and doors etc. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide Note again the similarity to the treatment of roof lights , external windows and doors and exhaust fans. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide Note the similarity to the treatment of chimneys and flues but with specific application. Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide Let's talk about each of these issues. Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide A copy of Table 3.12.4.1 is shown on the next slide Proceed to the next slide
Explain the structure of the Table Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide Region D is in Western Australia and can be identified from Volume Two Figure 3.10.1.4, which shows the location of national cyclonic regions. Proceed to the next slide
The total ventilation opening area to a habitable room must be- - connected by a breeze path to another ventilation opening in another room or space – OR - provided by at least two ventilation openings in the same room, each being no less than 25% of the requirement for the room The image on the slide presents an example of breeze paths. Please note that there are limitations on the internal openings that can be used for a breeze path and the distance between ventilation openings . Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide There are various means of complying with Part 3.12.5, i.e. complying with nominated provisions of either AS/NZS 3500.4 or AS/NZS 3500.5, or following the recipe under "Acceptable Construction Practice". Proceed to the next slide
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Now we'll address the various components of Deemed-to-Satisfy " Acceptable Construction Practice ". Firstly – Insulation of Services. Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide This applies to hot water systems designed to heat the building Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide Note that these requirements apply only to heaters using electric resistance heating, which is the least energy efficient form of electric heating. Electric heat pumps are not affected. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide “ High efficacy” requires high light output for each unit of electricity consumed Proceed to the next slide
The ABCB has developed a lighting calculator to assist designers. This is a screen shot of a mock-up assessment of a home. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide The conditions for using a small electric resistance water heater are in 3.12.5.6(d) Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide Some jurisdictions may have requirements for a cover approved under the Smart Approved WaterMark Scheme. Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide As you know – it's not necessary to comply with Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions and, for various reasons, designers or applicants might elect to develop an Alternative Solution . Proceed to the next slide
Remember this? Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
Part 1.0.5 of Volume Two describes how compliance with the mandatory Performance Requirements can be achieved. Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
As you can see from Part 1.0.5…. Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide The relevance of the views of the Certifying Authority is briefly outlined on the next slide Proceed to the next slide
The key to development of an appropriate Alternative Solution is preliminary consultation with the Certifying Authority. Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide We don’t have time to reiterate details of processes related to the development of Alternative Solutions but it should be acknowledged that the operation of the BCA is described in Section 1 and that there may be relevant administrative provisions applicable to these processes in each State or Territory. Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide The term Building Solution is used in Part 1.0.9 because Building Solutions can be Deemed-to-Satisfy or Alternative Solutions. While Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions offer pathways to conclusive proof of compliance with Performance Requirements it may still be necessary to demonstrate that your proposal complies with the Deemed-to-Satisfy recipe e.g. a Deemed-to-Satisfy Provision may specify values for a maximum Total U-Value and Solar Heat Gain Coefficient for a Roof Light . Therefore, an application for approval will be required to demonstrate to the Certifying Authority that the proposed roof light does achieve the nominated values and one of the assessment methods listed at Part 1.09 can be used to do so. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide Let's talk about the first method – Evidence of Suitability Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide The term " third party" is used on the basis that the first party is an applicant, the second party is a Certifying Authority, and the third party is an independent person or authority that offers expert assistance to the process. Let's look at the list of third party mechanisms. Proceed to the next slide
Read the slide Note: open the BCA to Part 1.1 and read the defined terms for Registered Testing Authority and Certificate of Conformity Note: open the BCA to Part 1.2.2 and elaborate on the terms if necessary The last reference is to “ any form of documentary evidence ” – this is intentionally "open ended" to provide an opportunity for the applicant or Certifying Authority to assess the appropriateness of documentation offered in support of compliance. Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide Other Verification Methods may involve methods not formally specified in the BCA Proceed to the next slide
There is one specific Verification Method set out for demonstrating compliance with the energy efficiency Performance Requirement P2.6.1 Read the slide Proceed to the next slide
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Read the slide Individual State and Territory administrative provisions can influence various aspects of design and construction. Therefore, it is essential that compliance with local administrative provisions relating to energy efficiency is achieved. In some States and Territories, practitioners such as private certifiers and users of energy assessment software may be required to be accredited. It should not be assumed that a practitioner accredited in one State or Territory is accredited to practice in another jurisdiction. For alterations, additions and renovations, you will need to refer to State and Territory administrations due to variations between regions. Proceed to the next slide