Module 1 - Digital Devices and its Application

Course Overview
CLNL 1002 Digital Devices and its
Application
Presented By
DHIVIYA ROSE J
Assistant Professor – Senior Scale
School of Computer Science Engineering | UPES

• Basic Computer Organization
• Input and Output Devices
• Storage Devices
• Various Types of Software
INTRODUCTION
TO COMPUTER
SYSTEM
• Main Functions of OS
• Types of OS
OPERATING
SYSTEM
• Microsoft Work
• Microsoft Excel
• Microsoft Power Point
• Microsoft Access
• Microsoft Outlook
INTRODUCTION
TO MS- OFFICE
PACKAGE
• Networking Basics, Topologies
• Working of Internet
• E-Commerce
• Cyber Safety
• Applications of IT
INTERNET
BASICS
• Manupatra
• Jstor
• Hein Online
• SCC Online
• LexisNexis
• Westlaw
INTRODUCTION
TO LEGAL
DATABASE

CLNL 1002 Digital Devices and its Applications
Module 1
• INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
SYSTEM
▫ Basic Computer Organization
▫ Input and Output Devices
▫ Storage Devices
▫ Various Types of Software

Lecture #1
Computer Organization
Presented By
DHIVIYA ROSE J
AP– Senior Scale

PC Components
Computer system - collection of electronic and
mechanical devices operating as a unit. The main
parts are:
1. System unit
2. Monitor
3. Keyboard
4. Mouse
5. Speakers
2
3 4
5
1

Activity 1
• Data Cable
• Power Cable

Computer Components
Hardware Software

All of the electronic and mechanical equipment in a
computer is called the hardware. Examples include:
• Motherboard
• Hard disk
• RAM
• Power supply
• Processor
• Case
• Monitor
• Keyboard
• Mouse
Hardware
Input
Devices
Central
Processing
Unit
Output
Devices

Peripherals – Input and Output Unit
Peripherals are devices that connect to the system
unit using cables or wireless technologies. Typical
peripherals include:
• Monitor
• Keyboard
• Printer
• Plotter
• Scanner
• Speakers
• Input Unit: Helps to take the data into
the CPU for processing from human
• Output Unit: Helps to see the output
of the results by the human

Lecture #2
CLNL 1002 Digital Devices and its Application
Computer Hardware Components
Presented By
DHIVIYA ROSE J

Group Activity
• Maximum Number of Components
• Listing
▫ Input Devices
▫ Output Devices
▫ Storage Devices
▫ Processing Devices
▫ Network Devices

Central Processing Unit
The system unit is the main container for system
devices. It protects the delicate electronic and
mechanical devices from damage. Typical system
unit devices include:
• Motherboard
• CPU (Processor)
• Memory
• Disk drives
• Ports - USB etc.
• Power supply
• Expansion cards - sound card, network
card, graphics card etc.

Central Processing Unit
Computer program - a series of instructions. When a
program is run, the processor carries out these
instructions in an orderly fashion. Typical instructions
include:
• Arithmetic - addition, subtraction etc
• Logical - comparing data and acting according
to the result
• Move - move data from place to place within the
computer system - memory to the processor for
addition - memory to a printer or disk drive etc.

Mainboard or system board - the main circuit board
for the computer system. All device in the computer
system will either be part of the motherboard or
connected to it.
Motherboard
Processor
Socket
Memory
Sockets
Ports
PCI Slots
Graphics Slot
Chipset

A computer power supply has a number of functions:
• Converts Alternating current (AC) Direct
current (DC)
• Transforms mains voltage (240 Volts) to the
voltages required by the computer. The main
voltages are:
• 12 volts for the disk drives as they have motors
• 3.3 and 5 volts for the circuit boards in the computer
Power Supply

Computer ports are interfaces between peripheral
devices and the computer. They are mainly found at
the back of the computer but are often also built into the
front of the computer chassis for easy access.
Ports at the rear of the computer
Ports at the front of the computer
Ports

Block diagram of Computer

Input Output Devices

Input Devices
• Keyboard
• Point and draw devices
▫ Mouse, track ball, touch screen, light pen,joystick
• Scanning Devices
▫ OCR and OMR scanners,
• Electronic card based devices
▫ Bar code readers
• Speech Recognition Devices
• Vision Based Devices

Output Devices
• Two Types
▫ Hard Copy
▫ Soft Copy
• Monitor
• Printer
• Plotters
• Voice Responses

Thank You
Next Lecture #3 …….
Storage Devices and Software

Lecture #3
CLNL 1002 Digital Devices and its Application
Storage Devices & Software's
Presented By
DHIVIYA ROSE J

What is a storage device
• Computing hardware that is used for storing,
porting and extracting data files and objects
• It can hold and store information both
temporarily and permanently
• Can be internal or external to a computer

Storage
• Primary storage (memory) - volatile - contents
lost when power is turned off.
• Secondary storage (disk drives) - non-volatile -
can store files when power is turned off.
• In memory, voltages are used to store data as
binary 1’s and binary 0’s. It was decided to mimic
the situation for secondary storage using
magnetism instead of electrical voltages to
represent the binary data.

Primary Memory – Near to CPU

Primary Memory – RAM,ROM,Cache
RAM – Random Access Memory ROM – Read Only Memory
Cache – Fastest Memory

Types of ROM

Primary Vs Secondary Memory

Classification of Secondary Storage

Memory Technology Types
• Magnetic Storage Device
• Optical Storage Device
• Solid Storage Device

Magnetic Storage Devices
• Hard drives, floppy drives, tape
• All magnetic drives work the same
▫ covered with iron oxide
▫ Read/write head is a magnet

Optical Storage Devices
• CD-ROM
▫ Read using a laser
▫ Written from the inside out
▫ CD speed is based on the original
 Original CD read 150 Kbps
 A 10 X will read 1,500 Kbps
▫ Standard CD holds 650 MB
• DVD-ROM
▫ Digital Video Disk
▫ Use both sides of the disk

Solid State Devices
• Flash memory
▫ Found in cameras and USB drives
▫ Combination of RAM and ROM
▫ Long term updateable storage

Memory Hierarchy
Processing Unit

Data and Information
Data Information
•Data is the raw material that is to
be processed
•It is unorganized data or facts
that are to be processed.
•Data is useless unless it is
processed or has been made into
something. Data comes in figures,
dates and numbers and is not
processed.
•Information is processed data.
•The data that can be made useful
is known as information.
•It cannot be generated without
the help of data.
•Information is processed and
comes in a meaningful form.

The term software is used to describe computer
programs that perform a task or tasks on a computer
system.
Software Types
• System software
→Operating System etc.
→Utility programs - Antivirus etc.
• Applications Software - Word, SolidWorks etc.
Software

Hardware Vs Software

Examples

System Software
System software is a term referring to any computer
software which manages and controls the hardware so
that application software can perform a task.
Example:
Operating Systems, Compiler, Loader, Linker,
Interpreter.

Guess … What System S/w

Application Software
1. Spreadsheets: The spreadsheet packages are
designed to use numbers and formulas to do calculations
with ease. Examples of spreadsheets include:
▫ Budgets ,Payrolls ,Grade Calculations
▫ Address Lists
The most commonly used spreadsheet programs are
Microsoft Excel and Lotus 123.

2. Graphic Presentations: The presentation
programs can be easier using overhead projectors. Other
uses include:
▫ Slide Shows
▫ Repeating Computer Presentations on a
computer monitor
▫ Using Sound and animation in slide shows
The most recognized graphic presentation programs are
Microsoft PowerPoint and Harvard Graphics.

3. Word Processors
•Common features
▫ Word Wrap, formatting
▫ Spelling/Grammar Checkers
▫ Thesaurus
▫ Search and Replace
•Multimedia object
▫ Graphs, tables
▫ Audio, video clips

4. Browsers
• Connect to the Web
• Open and transfer files
• Display text and images
• Web site address
▫ How a browser locates a web page
▫ Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

5. Database Management System (DBMS):
• A DBMS is a software tool that allows multiple users to
store, access, and process data into useful information.
• Database programs are designed for these types of
applications:
▫ Membership lists
▫ Student lists
▫ Grade reports
▫ Instructor schedules
All of these have to be maintained so you can find what
you need quickly and accurately.
• Example:Microsoft Access, dBASE, Oracle.

Module 1 - Digital Devices and its Application

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Module 1 - Digital Devices and its Application