Modernization refers to the process of social change by which traditional societies adopt Western culture and shift towards more secular and rational worldviews. It involves replacing sacred beliefs with secular rules and adopting scientific and technological advances. Westernization is when non-Western societies specifically adopt Western cultural norms, lifestyle, and practices. While modernization promotes development through values like innovation, Westernization can diminish local cultures through Americanization or other dominant influences. Overall, modernization is preferred to Westernization as it allows progress while preserving historical foundations through a more balanced cultural exchange.

1. Modernization and Westernization

2. Objectives
• To know the definition of Modernization and Westernization
• Tips on rationalist and positivist spirit of Modernization
• The change they bring to society
• Positive effects of Modernization and Westernization
• Difference between Modernization and Westernization
• Why do we need Modernization than Westernization

3. What is Modernization?
• Definition:
• Modernization is the process of replacing sacred revelation (sacred reality) with secular
rules for human societies.
• The word modern or modernization derive from a term ‘MODO’, which means ‘just now’
‘or’ ‘the latest’.
• The Oxford English Dictionary defines the term ‘modern’ as ‘something of the recent times
or something new or latest, not concerned with classic. The literal meaning of the term
refers to anything which is New or Latest in life style, dress, art or thinking.
• “Modernization symbolizes a rational attitude towards issues and their evaluation from
universalistic, not particularistic point of view. To him, Modernization involves diffusing
scientific and technological know-how.
Dr. Yogendra Singh

4. Process of social change
• Modernization is also known as the process of social change in a society that is
still growing as opposed to a society that has already grown and changed.
• Sociologists use the word "modernization" to describe the process by which
industrialization, urbanization, and other social changes that change people's
lives happen.

5. Process of social change
• Modernization is a part of cultural change that describes a model
of how a society goes from being "pre-modern" or "traditional" to
be "modern."
• Modernization is a way for a socially and economically developed
society to change its politics.
• Modernization includes secularization, which means getting rid of
strict religious rules in a society

6. Positive Effects of Modernization
• Modernization help societies in the development procedure because Modernization
includes the improvement of technology and infrastructure.
• Modernization gives people a better place to live, a better way to learn, and a
better way to live.
• Modernization provides a way of achieving the dream, and it helps people live in a
society that is healthy, educated, free from social evils, etc.
• Modernization provide the environment for social change and address the
wellbeing of society and its people.

7. What is westernization?
• Definition:
• Westernization, the adoption of the practices and culture of
western Europe by societies and countries in other parts of the world,
whether through compulsion or influence.
• Westernization is when a society or country outside of the West tries to be
like a society or country in the West. In other words, westernization is a part
of the modernization process.
• Westernization is when countries or societies in other parts of the world
adopt or accept the culture and ways of life of European countries or
societies.

8. Process change
• Westernization has had an increasing influence around the world in recent
decades, with some thinkers presuming Westernization to be the equivalent
of modernity, a point of contention.
• Westernization is a safe way to live because everything is planned and set up in a
systematic way from the start. Planned Structure, which is made up of both private and
public policies in the country, has a big impact on cultural and social security activities.
• People thought that the lives of Europeans were better than those of people
in other countries. So, people took on western ways to show that they were
better than people in the past.

9. Process change
• Westernization can also be compared to acculturation. Acculturation is "the process
of cultural and psychological change that takes place as a result of contact between
cultural groups and their individual members.
• Changes in cultural patterns are evident within one or both cultures. Specific to
Westernization and the non-Western culture, foreign societies tend to adopt
changes in their own social systems relative to Western ideology, lifestyle, and
physical appearance, along with numerous other aspects, and shifts in culture
patterns can be seen to take root as a community becomes acculturated to Western
customs and characteristics – in other words, Westernized.
• Westernization, especially Americanization, is the safest way to live a life without
financial instability, political instability, social instability, or any other problems that
lower the general public's quality of life.

10. Positive Effects of Westernization
• Westernization helps in the globalization of the economy and creates more
effective ways to produce goods and services.
• Westernization helps modernize medical practices, which results in an
extension of life expectancy.
• Westernization brought social change which resulted in a change in culture.
• It brought western influences to the Indian society. Sanskritization was an
essential groundwork for westernization in India.
• Many started eating raw eggs for health reason and consumed medicines
which they know were made of organs of animals.

11. Modernization and Westernization: Difference
Modernization Westernization
Modernization means freeing oneself from traditional norms
and value systems that have become obstacles
Westernization initiates the western cultures, norms, and
styles in non-western countries
Molding oneself to become a better person with a broad
mind, free-thinking, and innovative mindset
Molding oneself into a westernized framework by not focusing
on one’s inherited values
Adoption of modernization helps in building a better
society for living
Its adoption is equivalent to learning one’s foundation
Modernization increases the use of science, changes the
thinking mode, and causes a revolution
Westernization is responsible for diminishing joint families,
and marriage breaks
Modernization involves changes not only at the institutional
level but also on fundamental level changes in personal life
Westernization is a process of following instructional and
fundamental changes of western countries by the other non-
western countries
Modernization means the development of any country
through economic growth; technology development and
infrastructure raise
Westernization means adopting the technology and
infrastructure of western countries

12. What do we want?
• Modernization is transforming
traditional, rural society into a
secular and urban society, which
is developed
• Modernization requires
westernization in many aspects
such as the medical field,
technical field, and so on
• Modernization teaches us about
heterogeneity
• modernization follows the idea of
development by preserving the past
• In modernization, people adopt the
traits, technology, and trends
according to their ideas

13. We need modernization
• To helped us see and dream for better living, better house, better life style and it
directly directed towards education. Better and higher education is normally
considered to be the base to fulfil the dreams through a better job and hence better
earning.
• It is more convenient to live in a world where we have access to a wide range of
material commodities to make our lives more comfortable and enjoyable. People that
are oppressed in traditional society benefit from modernization as well. Women now
have additional opportunities as a result of modernization. It contributes to the
liberation of oppressed minority populations.
• Modernization, in sociology, the transformation from a traditional, rural, agrarian
society to a secular, urban, industrial society. It is by undergoing the comprehensive
transformation of industrialization that societies become modern. Modernization is a
continuous and open-ended process.