Mobile communication allows for user mobility and device portability, enabling users to communicate wirelessly from anywhere. This has led to the integration of wireless networks with fixed networks and new mobile applications in vehicles, emergencies, travelling, and replacing fixed networks. However, device portability also presents challenges like limited power, memory, and interfaces due to small sizes. Research areas include improving wireless communication quality, supporting mobility and location-based services, and addressing portability issues. While mobile phones provide many benefits, their overuse can also cause problems, so a balanced approach is important.

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Mobile communication
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Mobile communication
Aspects of mobility:
 user mobility: users communicate (wireless) “anytime, anywhere, with anyone”
 device portability: devices can be connected anytime, anywhere to the network
Wireless vs. mobile Examples
  stationary computer
  notebook in a hotel
  wireless LANs in historic buildings
  Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)
The demand for mobile communication creates the need for integration of wireless networks into
existing fixed networks:
 local area networks: standardization of IEEE 802.11,
ETSI (HIPERLAN)
 Internet: Mobile IP extension of the internet protocol IP
 wide area networks: e.g., internetworking of GSM and ISDN
Applications
Vehicles
 transmission of news, road condition, weather, music via DAB
 personal communication using GSM
 position via GPS
 local ad-hoc network with vehicles close-by to prevent accidents, guidance
system, redundancy
 vehicle data (e.g., from busses, high-speed trains) can be transmitted in advance
for maintenance
Emergencies
 early transmission of patient data to the hospital, current status, first diagnosis
 replacement of a fixed infrastructure in case of earthquakes, hurricanes, fire etc

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Travelling salesmen
 direct access to customer files stored in a central location
 consistent databases for all agents
 mobile office
Replacement of fixed networks
 remote sensors, e.g., weather, earth activities
 flexibility for trade shows
 LANs in historic buildings
Entertainment, education,
 outdoor Internet access
 intelligent travel guide with up-to-date
location dependent information

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Location dependent services
Location aware services
 what services, e.g., printer, fax, phone, server etc. exist in the local environment
Follow-on services
 automatic call-forwarding, transmission of the actual workspace to the current
location
Information services
 „push“: e.g., current special offers in the supermarket
 „pull“: e.g., where is the Black Forrest Cherry Cake?
Support services
 caches, intermediate results, state information etc. „follow“ the mobile device
through the fixed network
Privacy
 who should gain knowledge about the location

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Effects of device portability
Power consumption
 limited computing power, low quality displays, small disks due to limited battery
capacity
 CPU: power consumption ~ CV2
f
 C: internal capacity, reduced by integration
 V: supply voltage, can be reduced to a certain limit
 f: clock frequency, can be reduced temporally
Loss of data
 higher probability, has to be included in advance into the design (e.g., defects,
theft)
Limited user interfaces
 compromise between size of fingers and portability
 integration of character/voice recognition, abstract symbols
Limited memory
 limited value of mass memories with moving parts
 flash-memory or ? as alternative
Areas of research in mobile communication
Wireless Communication
 transmission quality (bandwidth, error rate, delay)
 modulation, coding, interference
 media access, regulations
Mobility
 location dependent services
 location transparency

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 quality of service support (delay, jitter, security)
Portability
 power consumption
 limited computing power, sizes of display, ...
 usability
Conclusion
 By analysis we came to know that mobile phone have both positive and negative aspect.
 We cannot live without its help.
 We need them in each and every step so that we can perform our work smoothly and
efficiently.
 Like, with the help of mobile phone we can also call whoever we wish and ask about last
minute things.
 We may take pictures at anytime in case we don’t have a digital camera.
 We have the ability to communicate instantly in an emergency.
 If we have a good plan, we don’t need a home phone.
 Cell phones are good to carry if you break down somewhere.

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 New phones have calendars, and planners and alarms so you can get rid of all three.
Having mobile phone it can cause many problems.
 One in particular, they need to be charged almost every day in order to work so it won’t
run out of batteries.
 Mobile phones save our time but we should try to use the mobile in good things only not
in bad one.
 But today the mobile phone has been used in unnecessary work also and has been over
utilized.
 It is one technology which has enhanced our lifestyle not overcome us.
 We should take benefits of several innovations of this technology in this globalized world.
 Mobile phone in a way is very demanding and is getting its place in the market regularly
no matter it changes its features, price and others.
In conclusion mobile phones are easily acceptable new trend and it plays a vital role for
every individuals.