The document provides instructions for properly citing sources in a research paper using MLA citation style, including how to incorporate quoted and paraphrased information into the paper, cite sources in-text, and create a Works Cited page listing all sources. It explains the three main parts of MLA citation as including the information itself, in-text citations, and a Works Cited page, and provides examples and guidelines for formatting citations of different source types like books, articles, and websites.
This guide will provide information about:
• Understanding the fundamentals of APA citations, including:
o Capitalization rules
o Author formatting
o Organizing a reference list
• APA citation examples of source types, including:
o Popular and scholarly sources
o Audiovisual media
• Tips and examples for citing online sources
• Creating parenthetical, in-text citations, including:
o Formatting parenthetical citations and block quotes
o Citing sources with multiple authors and corporate authors
This guide will provide information about:
• Understanding the fundamentals of APA citations, including:
o Capitalization rules
o Author formatting
o Organizing a reference list
• APA citation examples of source types, including:
o Popular and scholarly sources
o Audiovisual media
• Tips and examples for citing online sources
• Creating parenthetical, in-text citations, including:
o Formatting parenthetical citations and block quotes
o Citing sources with multiple authors and corporate authors
This is the Chicago Manual Style workshop for the Writing Center at Purdue University Calumet. It shows students how to format their paper and cite sources correctly according to the Chicago Manual of Style.
This is the Chicago Manual Style workshop for the Writing Center at Purdue University Calumet. It shows students how to format their paper and cite sources correctly according to the Chicago Manual of Style.
OCC WRITING CENTER APA REFERENCES HANDOUT 1 The Owens Comm.docxcherishwinsland
OCC WRITING CENTER APA REFERENCES HANDOUT 1
The Owens Community College Writing Center’s Quick Guide to APA Common Citations
Edited March 25, 2016
Uses APA 6
th
edition and
The Little Seagull (LS) Handbook
In-Text Citation Basics:
Your parenthetical (or in-text) citations within your paper link back to the References entries at
the end of your paper by giving enough information to tell your readers
which source from your reference list they are looking at
publication date of the source and
where in the source the information can be found.
It is usually best to reference the source in text—usually by the author’s last name, followed by
the publication date (in parentheses) and a past tense signal verb. If present in the source, also
include a page or paragraph number in parentheses at the end of the sentence. APA also
allows writers to include all of these pieces of information together in a parenthetical citation,
with a comma and a space between each piece.
Examples (In-text citation models from LS, highlights added for clarity):
Model 1: Author named in a signal phrase (using past tense):
Author Quoted
Grady (2015), a notable dinosaur expert, stated, “Dinosaurs have become popular
lately since they have been released into the wild” (p. 5).
In this example, the author’s last name is mentioned in a signal phrase, the publication date is
shown in a parenthetical citation directly following the author’s name, and the page number is
given in a parenthetical citation as close as possible to the quotation itself. Notice the location
of the period.
Author Paraphrased or Summarized
People have recently become more interested in dinosaurs due to their increased
presence, according to Grady (2015, p. 5).
In this example, the date in parentheses immediately follows the author’s last name; the page
number then follows the date. Notice the location of the period.
Model 2: Author named in parentheses:
Author Quoted
One notable dinosaur expert (Grady, 2015) has stated, “Raptors do not think of people
as Alphas, but food; they don’t make good pets” (p. 17).
Author Paraphrased or Summarized
Raptors regard humans as prey rather than predators; therefore, raptors would not be
easily domesticated (Grady, 2015, p. 17).
The first example references the author, publication date, and page number split between two
parenthetical citations around the quoted words. The second example references the author,
publication date, and page number in one parenthetical citation at the end of the paraphrase.
OCC WRITING CENTER APA REFERENCES HANDOUT 2
In-Text Citation Examples (continued):
A work with two authors:
Grant and Sattler (1993) shared the results of their archaeological digs in hopes of
bringing dinosaurs to life for everyone, not just scientists (p. 55).
-OR-
Two experts in the field (Grant & Sattler, 1993, p. 55) shared the results of their
archaeological.
Works Cited Modern Language AssociationModern Lang.docxdunnramage
Works Cited
Modern Language Association
Modern Language Association Format
Heading
Name, prof, class, date
One inch margins
Double spaced
Last name and page number in top right corner of
every page except the first.
Include a “Works Cited” page
Indent all paragraphs one-half inch
Remove extra space after paragraphs
12 point font
Times New Roman
MLA Heading
Works Cited
Double spaced
Hanging indent
Alphabetical order by author’s last
name or title if there is no author.
Include last name and page number on
top right.
Do not number or “bullet” the list
Do not include another header
Works Cited Example
Information to keep track of
Author and/or editor names (if available) or translator
Article name in quotation marks.
Title of the website, project, journal, or book in italics.
Any version numbers available, including editions (ed.), revisions,
posting dates, volumes (vol.), or issue numbers (no.).
Publisher information, including the publisher name and
publishing date.
Take note of any page numbers (p. or pp.) or paragraph numbers
(par. or pars.) if already numbered.
URL (without the https://) DOI or permalink.
Date you accessed the material (Date Accessed)—While not
required, it is highly recommended, especially when dealing with
pages that change frequently or do not have a visible copyright
date.
Books and Chapters
Author’s last name, first name. Title of Book. Publishing company,
year.
Downey, Katherine Brown. Perverse Midrash: Oscar Wilde, Andre
Gide, and Censorship of Biblical Drama. Continuum, 2004.
Author’s last name, first name. “Chapter Title.” Title of Book.
Publishing company, year, pp. Page numbers.
Butler, Octavia E. “Bloodchild.” Bloodchild and Other Stories. Seven
Stories, 2005, pp. 1-24.
Editors/
translators
follow the
title if any,
followed by
volume or
edition.
Work in an Anthology
Last name, first name. “Title of Article.” year originally
published. Title of Book, edited by Name of Editor(s),
edition, Publisher, year published, pp. page numbers.
Codrescu, Andrei. “Notes of an Alien Son: Immigration
Paradoxes.” 2010. Engaging Questions: A Guide to Writing,
edited by Carolyn E. Channell and Timothy W. Crusius,
ed. 2, McGraw-Hill, 2016, pp. 17-19.
Scholarly Article in a Database
Author’s last name, first name. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal, vol.,
no., year, pp., Database, URL.
Lanphear, Bruce P., et al. “Association of Environmental Toxicants and
Conduct Disorder in U.S. Children: NHANES 2001-2004.”
Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. 116, no. 7, July 2008, pp.
956-962, Academic Search Complete,
dcccd.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/log
in.asp?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=34356584&site=ehost-live
Volume
Issue number Pages Remove the http://
http://dcccd.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.asp?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=34356584&site=ehost-live
Articles on a We.
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