Here are the key differences between pure substances and mixtures:
- Pure substances are either elements or compounds, which have a definite composition and properties. Mixtures can be composed of any substances.
- Elements are made of only one type of atom. Compounds are made of two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio. Mixtures may contain multiple elements without fixed ratios.
- Particles in pure substances are molecules or atoms of a single type. Particles in mixtures can be molecules, atoms, or even larger phases that have not undergone a chemical reaction with each other.
- Pure substances have a consistent melting and boiling point as well as other properties. Mixtures can have varying properties depending on the relative amounts
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Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
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• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
1. DO:I will be able to explain the differences
between pure substances and mixtures.
EQ:
1. How do elements and compounds both
qualify as pure substances?
2. Explain how to determine types of
mixtures?
3. Compare and contrast pure substances
and mixtures.
2. 1. The chemical formula for glucose is C6H12O6. How
many different elements make up one molecule of glucose?
a. 1
b. 3
c.12
d. 24
Explanation:
2. Which of the following is the basis for arranging the
elements in the modern periodic table?
a. Atomic Name
b. Atomic Number
c. Atomic Mass
d. Atomic Symbol
Explaination:
3.
4.
5. ELEMENTS COMPOUNDS
Elements are the
simplest pure
substances.
Examples:
• O-Oxygen
• H- Hydrogen
• Na- Sodium
• C- Carbon
• Fe- Iron
• Pb- Lead
The smallest
particle of an
element that has
the properties of
that element is an
atom.
Compounds are
pure substances
that are made of
more than one
element bound
together.
Examples:
• H2O and CO2
A molecule is
formed when two
or more atoms
chemically
combine.
HETEROGENOUS
MIXTURES
HOMOGENOUS
MIXTURES
All components of
the mixture are
visible because they
do not mix together
Particles not
distributed evenly
EX: sand and water
vegetable soup
oil and water
Homogeneous
mixtures
Components cannot
be distinguished
from each other,
appear as one
substance
Particles distributed
evenly throughout
EX: air, salt water,
10 karat gold
*SOLUTIONS
Pure Substance
6. Heterogeneous mixtures
All components of
the mixture are
visible because they
do not mix together
Particles not
distributed evenly
EX: trail mix,
vegetable soup,
oil and water
Homogeneous mixtures
Components cannot be
distinguished from
each other, appear as
one substance
Particles distributed
evenly throughout
EX: air, salt water, 10
karat gold
7.
8. Homogeneous mixtures are also called
solutions.
Separate particles are not visible because
one dissolves in the other = dissolution
In salt water,
◦ salt is the solute, gets dissolved
◦ water is the solvent, dissolves
other substance
9. Q. Why do some substances dissolve and others do
not?
A. In a solute, each particle is attracted to each other
to form a grain of it. When the solute is placed in a
water, new attractive forces are present. If the
attractive forces between the water and the solute
are stronger than those holding the solute together,
then the solute will break down and get dissolved
in the water.
10. Because different amounts of
solute can be dissolved in a
solvent, we look at a solution’s
SOLUBILITY.
Definition: The maximum
amount of solute that can be
dissolved in a given amount of
solvent at a specific
temperature.
Usually expressed as the
number of grams of solute per
100mL of solvent.
11. Every chemical substance which dissolves
in water has a fixed solubility.
◦ If it does not dissolve, solubility = zero.
Many of these solublities
have been measured and
special charts are produced
displaying solubility of
many substances at once.
12. oSaturated:
Maximum amount of solute dissolved
in solvent
oUnsaturated:
Less than maximum amount of solute
dissolved in solvent
oSupersaturated:
More than maximum amount of
solute dissolved in solvent
oDilute:
to make less concentrated
13. 1. Sedimentation: occurs
naturally when solid
substances that are heavier
than their solvent deposit at
the bottom of the mixture.
EX: Water treatment
2. Decantation: a
heterogeneous mixture that
has distinct layers can be
separated by slowly pouring
one of the layers into another
container.
EX: Separating cream from
milk
3. Filtration: separates parts of
a heterogeneous mixture by
pouring it though a filter, the
larger particles (residue) will be
held in the filter while the smaller
ones (filtrate) will pass through.
EX: Brita
4. Distillation: used to separate
components of a homogeneous
mixture based on their different
boiling points. Solution is heated
and substance with lower boiling
points evaporates and passes
through a tube where it cools and
turns back to water in another
container.