Mise-en-scène refers to everything visible within the frame of a film, including actors, lighting, sets, props, costumes, and camerawork, which the director arranges and manipulates to guide audience perception. Settings provide backdrops for scenes that can be either built or found locations. Props are subtly used to link to the setting and manipulate audience expectations. Lighting, including key, fill, and back lights, can represent characters and illuminate the scene or create mystery. Costumes, hair, and makeup indicate a character's time, place, status, and personality at a glance. Facial expressions and body language clearly convey emotions.

1. Definition;
The arrangement of everything that appears in the framing –
actors, lighting, décor, props, costume – is called mise-en-scène,
a French term that means “placing on stage.” The
frame and camerawork are also considered part of the mise-en-
scène of a movie. In cinema, placing on the stage really
means placing on the screen, and the director is in charge of
deciding what goes where, when, and how.

2. Setting and Props
 A setting is a place of a scene that can either be the interior of a room or
the location of the scene or the backdrop of a space movie. Settings are
not just backgrounds. Sets can either be built completely from scratch or
can be found through precise research into existing location.
 Settings are also useful as it links in with the film for example if you are
filming a romance ideally the setting would be a sunset on the beach or
in the big city with the rain pouring down this would be a perfect setting
for a kissing scene.
 This is linked into to props also as it used to subconsciously manipulate
the audience by building a certain expectation.
 Props can be used in a very subtle way for example in the film “singin in
the rain” there was a scene where the actor used an umbrella as a prop
which linked in with the background as it was raining and he not only
used the prop for the rain but used it for other things such as the
dancing scene.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D1ZYhVpdXbQ;singin in the rain
scene.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fL4j9mZfUdg ;kissing scene

3. Lighting and Colour
 Lighting and colour can be used to represent one person or
thing it can either be a low key lighting which can create
mystery and illuminates the characters for the audience.
 Fill light is sometimes placed on the opposite side of the key
light. It is used to make a shadow effect.
 Back light is normally behind the person or prop to make
subtle lighting, it helps to separate the character or prop from
the background.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=od_XDxlOlUw ;lighting
scene

4. Costume, hair and Make up
 Costume, hair and make up act as an
instant indicator to the audience of
where a character is from such like
location and time, their status in
society and their personality.

5. Facial expression and body
language
 Facial expression and body language give a clear
indicator of how someone is feeling.
 Both facial expressions and body language can be used
with other conventions to portray different meaning.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VHqU7L1rVFI :this
scene from “the notebook” shows the body language of
the two actors fighting so they are apart from each
other. There facial expressions are tight and fisted
knowing that they are angry at each other.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BkZHKtLibBY :this
scene shows the passion between the two characters
and the love through the body language and the
laughter between the two actors facial expressions.

6. Positioning and space
 Positioning within a from can draw the audiences attention to
a character or object which is integral to the narrative at that
point.
 Positions can indicate relationships between characters or
emotions.
 Deep space: meaning significant elements of an image are
positioned both near to and distant from the camera. Deep
space is often used to portray large distances.

7. Positioning and space
 Shallow space: is the complete
opposite of deep space, in shallow
space the image appears flat or two
dimensional because there is a little or
no depth. Shallow space gives the
feeling that there is little or no distance
between the forefront of image and
what is behind it.

8. Visual effects
 Avatar uses a lot of visual effects as it is all computerized like
in the image below. They use special suits to fit in the green
screen to make the effects perfect.
 The set is created by green screen so not only are the people
created but the set is too.