Miriam Erez from Technion and Knowledge Center for Innovation, Israel, brought this presentation to Costa Rica in September, 2012. She made ​​this presentation at the forum entitled "Invention, innovation and intellectual property", on September 5, 2012 at the Radisson Hotel in San Jose, Costa Rica. This activity was organized by the Council for the Promotion of Competitiveness and the Ministry of Justice and Peace in Costa Rica. ____________________________________________________ Miriam Erez de Technion, Israel, realizó esta presentación en Costa Rica el 5 de Setiembre del 2012, durante el foro "Invención, innovación y propiedad intelectual", celebrado en el Hotel Radisson de San José, Costa Rica. Esta actividad fue organizada por el Consejo de Promoción de la Competitividad y el Ministerio de Justicia y Paz de Costa Rica.

1. Fostering the Innovation Culture
National & Organizational Levels
Miriam Erez
merez@ie.technion.ac.il
INVENTION, INNOVATION & INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY FORUM
San-Jose, Costa-Rica, 05-09-12
Knowledge Center for Innovation
Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
Faculty of Industrial Engineering & Management
http://innovation.technion.ac.il

2. Why Innovation ?
■ The 70s – Productivity
■ Mid 80s – Quality
■ Mid 90s – Innovation
● Innovation Drivers:
● Globalization
● Technology
● Communication

3. Creativity
■ What is creativity?
■ The generation of novel ideas that are useful
and appropriate (Amabile, 1996).
Miriam Erez

4. Types of creative thinking
■ Fluency, originality (rareness), Flexibility
■ New uses for a given technology/product
■ Linking together two independent domains:
■ Optoelectronics for Missiles
■ Need for medical instruments.
Miriam Erez

5. Insight – instant identification of relationships and
”behaviors within a model, context, or scenario – “Ahha
Duncker Candle
Problem (1945)
,The objects above consists of: a candle, match box, a box of pins
place on a table near a carbon wall. Your task is to suggest how to
attach the candle to the wall in such a way that it burns without
.having the wax dropping on the floor or the table
Miriam Erez

6. Archimedes: "Eureka!" (I have found it!)
Watching the rise in the water
level while taking a bath,
Archimedes discovered the
solution to the problem of
measuring the density of the gold
:in the king’s crown
Solution: Dividing the mass of the crown by
the volume of water displaced, the density of
the crown could be obtained
BC –212 BC 287
Miriam Erez

7. The Paradox of Innovation
Competitive Advantage
Quality &
Focus on
Efficiency Innovation
quality
Innovation
Implementation Creative Ideas
ng
inki x
Th bo
e
Efficiency of th
out
Creativity
Appropriateness Novelty
Miriam Erez

8. The Journey of the Idea
P
r
o
b
l
e S
m e
Idea Mark
I l Im
Mobi et
d e ple
Gene lizati
e c me Penet
ratio on (Clark & Wheelwright (1993
n ti nt
n ration
1 ti 2 3 o 4 5 6
fi n
c Ideation Phase
a
Miriam Erez
ti
o

9. Factors influencing innovation
National Culture
Industrial Sector
Organizational
Culture
:Individual
Knowledge
Abilities
Motivation

10. Idea Mobilization Miron, Erez & Naveh, JOB, 2004
The Shy
Innovator
14%
Miriam Erez Costa Rica Innovation Forum

11. ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE &
INNOVATION

12. What is Culture?
Shared Meaning System
Glue
that s
Visible us to ticks
gethe
● Art r
● Technology
● Behaviors
● Practices
Awareness: Values
Right - Wrong
Important - Unimportant
Basic Assumptions
●Relationship to environment
●Nature of reality, time and space
●Nature of human nature, activity, & relationship

13. ARTIFACTS: IBM ANNUAL REPORT 2007

14. Google
Annual
Report 2007

15. 3D organizational cultural values
Emphasis on Innovation
Sense of Urgency
Autonomy
Initiative
Incentives to Innovate
Support
Risk-Taking
Tolerance for Mistakes
Exploration
Quality Efficiency

16. High
High Low Creativity
Culture o Low
f Innovat
ion
Miron, Erez & Naveh (JOB,2004)

17. Leadership for Innovation
Vision
y
S trateg
,Communication
Inspiration
ronm ent
Envi

18. Leadership: Innovating by Changing
Self-sustaining Strategic Innovation Strategic
Projects
Innovation
Road Maps
Type
of
Change
One Time Interaction with context: all projects
time
Local
One time impact
Intervention
One component System-wide
Local Scope of change Total Company
Company

19. Leadership for Innovation
■ "You know, everybody has a cellphone, but I don't know
one person who likes their cell phone. I want to make a
phone that people love."
■ “Sometimes when you innovate, you make mistakes. It
is best to admit them quickly, and get on with
improving your other innovations”.
■ “The people who are doing the work are the moving
force behind the Macintosh. My job is to create a space
for them, to clear out the rest of the organization and
keep it at bay”.
■ “By giving people the power to share
we're making the world more transparent.”

20. The most Innovative Companies
Brown & Eisenhardt
Competing on the edge, 1998
Dilemma:
Adaptively innovate and
consistently execute Bureaucratic
Chaos Trap
Trap

21. National Culture & Innovation
What is your National DNA?
Imp
Man ntation
leme
l
agem
?
Nove
Ideas
ent
&
?

22. Israel: a Start-Up
Nation

23. R&D Centers In Israel
Haifa Region
Northern Region
Tel Aviv Region Jerusalem Region
Southern Region
Maps: Wikipedia

24. Camera Pill

25. NASDAQ Non US Listed Companies- Selected Countries
Source: NASDAQ (08/2010). Analysis: Invest in Israel

26. National Culture (GLOBE STUDY) House,
et al., 2004
Japan
China Germany USA Costa Rica Israel
Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean
3.77C 4.27B 4.15B 3.60C 3.85B Future Time 4.29B
Uncertainty
4.07C
4.94A 5.22A 4.15B 3.82C 4.01C Avoidance
5.04B 5.25B Power Distance 5.11B
4.86B 4.74C 4.73C
Collectivism
4.63B
5.80A 4.70C 4.25C 5.32B 4.70B Group based
Performance 4.22B
4.45A 4.25BErez
Miriam 4.12B 4.25B 4.08B Orientation

27. Eco-System
World Economic Forum 2011-12
Israel ranks 22th on Global Competitive Index, 2012
Main strengths:
■ The capacity for innovation -6th, which rests on
■ Highly innovative businesses
■ Availability of high-quality research institutions
■ High number of patents (4th)
■ Favorable financial environment (10th)
■ Availability of venture capital (2th)
http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GCR_Report_2011-12.pdf

28. World Economic Forum 2012
The Global Competitiveness
Report 2011-2012
Israel

29. World Economic Forum 2012
The Global Competitiveness
Report 2011-2012
Costa Rica

30. (Knowledge Center for Innovation (KCI

31. KCI Strategy:
Integration of Top-Down Policy –Making:
resource Allocation
Bottom – Up Processes within the organization:
Managing the Innovation Process
g
a kin
M
licy
Ind
Po
ustr
Aca
dem
y
ia

32. Industrial Export by Level of
Technological Intensity, 2002-2009
High Tech
High
Tech
Traditional
Traditional

33. Pillars of Operation
KCI
Knowledge
Center
Research Implementation

34. A. “Managing Innovation” Forum
■ A forum of about 40 organizations from the high
tech, mid tech and low tech (1-3 participants from
each firm) .
■ Acquisition of new knowledge from Experts
■ Sharing organizations’ knowledge and best practices
■ Discussions within and across organizational sectors
to allow for knowledge transfer

36. B. R&D Projects
■ Initiating the Development of R&D Industry –
Academia- Government collaboration
■ Identifying the industry which has the needs, but is
also ready for innovation technology
■ Plastic – Green Plastic
■ Food Plastic Packaging – Smart Packaging
■ Water – Smart Pipe, Water Distillation, etc.

37. P^3 R&D Consortium:
Polymers, Plastics, Packaging
Polymers Plastics
Packaging

38. C. Students’ Innovation implementation
projects in Industry
■ Guiding teams of students who enter industrial
firms, aiming at developing and implementing new
innovation projects
■ Examples:
■ Identifying the needs for a new IT system
■ Initiating an organizational change to allow for
introducing a new product line on top of on line
projects

39. Is it possible to manage innovation?
● Providing tools and applications to implement innovation
(strategy, products, service organizations and processes)
● Implementing innovation projects moderated by the
mentors
● Enabling a professional social network of the companies
● 7 companies successfully graduated the first round.
● A second round has just began.

40. E. Policy-making tools for implementing
top-down policies
■ Based on the plastic-water R&D pilots we prepare
“Tools” (“guidelines for how to”) for
■ Activating the bottom-up innovation enablers
■ Managing the process of innovation
■ Utilizing top-down resources
■ Accomplishing policy-making objectives
■ Increasing innovation in industry
■ Connecting to global partners
■ Increasing export, market share and revenues

41. G. E-course on the Management of
Objectives:
Innovation
To educate Industry leaders and professionals to:
■ Understand the meaning of innovation
■ Build confidence in enhancing innovation
■ Provide tools for managing innovation and for creating
an innovation culture
■ offer measures of innovation.
■ Identify best practices for managing innovation in
different industrial contexts.

42. H. Initiatives to enhance Innovation
by Cooperation & Co-opetition

43. Horizontal & Vertical Cooperation
Horizontal:
■ Industrial consortia
■ Cooperation for developing a certain Technology (Blade, IBM)
■ Industry – Academia cooperation
■ International cooperation
Vertical :
■ Cooperation with suppliers
■ Cooperation with customers
■

44. The Psychology of cooperation
● Basic Trust
● Joint goals
● Joint identity
● Overcoming resistance to change

45. Clusters of cooperation
A cluster is a geographically proximate group of
interconnected companies and associated
institutions (Porter, 2000: 254).

46. Conclusions
■ Build for the future
■ Build the eco-system Top Down Bottom -UP
■ Government regulation
■ R&D
■ Education
■ Innovation Culture
■ Cooperation to enhance innovation - Joint
resources, Knowledge, the Size Effect

47. .Thank you
Knowledge Center for Innovation
http://innovation.technion.ac.il