2. ABSTRACT
Mind reading is a way to detect or infer the other’s mental states. The simplest
way for mind reading can be done by simply seeing and understanding the facial
expression. For example a smile can give us an expression of happiness. But now it
may be possible that not only one human can understand other’s mental states but
also a computer might understand the mental states of a person. This paper describes
the ways how a computer might infer the mental state of a person and thus becomes
the mind reading computer. This paper emphasize on the ways by which a computer
might infer the mental state, one method is by facial expression analysis (FEA) and
the second one by using a futuristic headband.
3. TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS MIND READING?
WHY MIND READING?
HOW DOES IT WORK?
FLOW CHART OF MIND READING
COMPUTER
PROCESS OF MIND READING COMPUTER
WEB SARCH
TECHNIQUES
APPLICATIONS
ADVANTAGES
DISATVANTAGES AND PROBLEMS
APPLICATIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
4. INTRODUCTION
People express their mental states, including emotions, thoughts and desires, all
the time through facial expressions, vocal nuances and gestures.
Mind reading machine is co-ordination of human psychology & computer
techniques.
Some equipment are used to gather data & then analyzed. To use those data for
further prediction is known as theory of mind reading.
5. WHAT IS MIND READING?
The team in the computer Laboratory of the University of Cambridge has developed mind-reading
machines-computers that implement a computational model of mind-reading to infer mental states of
people from their facial signals.
Using a digital video camera, the mind-reading computer system analyzes a person’s underlying mental
state, such as whether he or she is agreeing or disagreeing, interested or bared, thinking or confused.
Prior knowledge of how particular mental states are expressed in the face is combined with analysis of
facial expressions and head gestures occurring in real time.
Software from Nevenvision identifies 24 feature points on the face and tracks them in real time.
For example, a combination of a head nod, with a smile and eyebrows raised might mean interest.
6. WHY MIND READING?
The mind-reading computer system presents information about your mental state
as easily as a keyboard and mouse present text and commands.
Current projects in Cambridge are considering further inputs such as body
posture and gestures to improve the inference.
We are also looking at the use of mind-reading to support on line shopping and
learning systems.
7. HOW DOES IT WORK?
FUTURISTIC HEADBAND
The mind reading actually involves measuring the volume and oxygen level of
the blood around the subject’s brain, using technology called functional near-
infrared spectroscopy (FNIRS).
The user wears a sort of futuristic headband that sends light in that spectrum
into the tissues of the head where it is absorbed by active, blood-filled tissues.
Measuring mental workload, frustration and distraction is typically limited to
qualitatively observing computer users.
8. CONTINUED…........
A computer program which can read silently spoken words by analyzing nerve signals in our
mouths and throats, has been developed by NASA.
Biological signals arise when reading or speaking to oneself with or without actual lip or
facial movement.
In a 2011 study, researchers translates brain waves into the movie clips people were watching
at the time.
In 2014, two scientists transmitted thoughts to each other using a brain-to-brain link. And
other studies have shown that computers can “see” what people are dreaming about, using
only their brain activity.
9.
10. WEB SARCH
For the first test of the sensors, scientists trained the software program to
recognize six words-including “go”, “left” and “right”-and 10 numbers.
Then researchers put the letters of the alphabet into a matrix with each
column and row labeled with a single-digit number.
These were used to silently spell “NASA” into a web search engine
using the program.
“This proved we could browse the web without touching a keyboard”.
11. NEUROSCIENCE
It deals with anatomy and molecular biology of neurons.
A neuron is a nerve cell that is the basic building block of the
nervous system. Neurons are specialized to transmit information
throughout the body.
It is done by measuring oxygen level of blood using FNIRS.
14. FACIAL ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
It is used to measure the electrical
activity of the facial muscles.
Muscles used are “corrugator
supercilli muscle” and others.
15. GALVANIC SKIN RESPONSE
It is a measure of skin conductivity,
which is dependent on how moist
the skin is.
16. BLOOD VOLUME PULSE
It is measured by a process called photo
plethysmography.
It produces a graph indicating blood flow
through the extremities.
17. ADVANTAGES
Can read minds
Help paralytic patients
Help Handicapped people
Help Comma patients
Help people who cant speak
Can be used for military purposes & sting operations
Can be combined with consoles & used for mind gaming, robotics & stuff.
Eliminate the capability to lie.
18. DISADVANTAGES
Breach in privacy.
Can extract, through an individual, an important, secure & confidential
information of individual, state or even a country.
If developed or used by sinners, can be highly dangerous.
Eavesdropping.
No way to neutralize this technology.
19. APPLICATIONS
Mind-Reading Computers could ‘save your life’.
Control robots by brain power.
Emergency.
Mind-Reading Computer that could communicate with coma patient.
A mind controlled wheel chair developed from the university of electro-
communication in Japan.
20. CONCLUSION
Tufts University researchers have begun a three-year research project which, if successful,
will allow computers to respond to the brain activity of the computer’s user.
Users wear futuristic-looking headbands to shine light on their foreheads, and then
perform a series of increasingly difficult tasks while the device reads what parts of the
brain are absorbing the light.
That info is then transferred to the computer, and from there the computer can adjust it’s
interface and functions to each individual.
