Mid-Term-Bioleaching-Presentation-2015
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This document summarizes an experiment comparing bioleaching and acid leaching methods for extracting metals from ore. Bioleaching involves using bacteria like Paenibacillus Polymyxa to extract metals, while acid leaching uses acids like lactic acid and hydrochloric acid. The experiment grows bacteria on agar plates then introduces them to ore samples in liquid broth. It also performs acid leaching on ore samples. Both methods are tested on ore from different locations. The extracted metals are then analyzed using ICP-OES to compare extraction amounts between bioleaching and acid leaching. The document also discusses issues like contamination encountered and solutions implemented.
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Title: Green Synthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: A Sustainable Approach
Abstract:
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the green synthesis of nanoparticles, particularly metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, due to their wide range of applications and the increasing need for sustainable production methods. Green synthesis offers an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional chemical synthesis routes by utilizing natural extracts, biomolecules, or other eco-friendly materials as reducing and stabilizing agents. This paper provides an in-depth exploration of green synthesis methods for the production of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, highlighting their advantages, mechanisms, and applications. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, various green synthesis approaches, including plant-mediated, microbial, and bio-inspired methods, are discussed. The properties and characterization techniques of green-synthesized nanoparticles are also examined, along with their potential applications in catalysis, sensing, drug delivery, and environmental remediation. Overall, this review underscores the importance of green synthesis as a sustainable approach to nanoparticle production and its significant implications for both scientific research and industrial applications.
Keywords: Green synthesis, Metal nanoparticles, Metal oxide nanoparticles, Sustainable production, Catalysis, Sensing, Drug delivery, Environmental remediation.
Introduction
The synthesis of nanoparticles has gained considerable attention in recent years due to their unique physical, chemical, and biological properties, which differ from those of their bulk counterparts. These properties make nanoparticles promising candidates for various applications in fields such as catalysis, electronics, medicine, and environmental remediation. However, traditional methods of nanoparticle synthesis often involve the use of toxic chemicals, high temperatures, and energy-intensive processes, leading to environmental pollution and health hazards. In response to these challenges, there has been a growing interest in developing sustainable and environmentally friendly approaches to nanoparticle synthesis, known as green synthesis.
Green synthesis involves the use of natural extracts, biomolecules, or other eco-friendly materials as reducing and stabilizing agents in nanoparticle synthesis. This approach offers several advantages over conventional synthesis methods, including reduced environmental impact, cost-effectiveness, scalability, and the ability to produce nanoparticles with controlled size, shape, and composition. Among the various types of nanoparticles, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles have received significant attention due to their diverse applications and potential for green synthesis. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of green synthesis methods for the production of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, highlighting their
Anti-Microbial Activity of probiotic Lactobacilli and Optimization of Bacteri...
The present study is about the anti-microbial activity of the bacteriocin producing lactobacilli and optimization of bacteriocin production. Bacteriocin was extracted by solvent extraction with chloroform and the antimicrobial activity was tested against 5 different pathogens by agar spotting method. Optimization of bacteriocin production was done for 4 different parameters such as pH, Temperature, Carbon source and Nitrogen source and the anti-microbial activity was tested against the following 5 different pathogens and the results were observed and diameter of the zone of inhibition was measured and tabulated. From the results of the study it was found that bacteriocin produced from lactobacilli has good antimicrobial activity.The present study is about the anti-microbial activity of the bacteriocin producing lactobacilli and optimization of bacteriocin production. Bacteriocin was extracted by solvent extraction with chloroform and the antimicrobial activity was tested against 5 different pathogens by agar spotting method. Optimization of bacteriocin production was done for 4 different parameters such as pH, Temperature, Carbon source and Nitrogen source and the anti-microbial activity was tested against the following 5 different pathogens and the results were observed and diameter of the zone of inhibition was measured and tabulated. From the results of the study it was found that bacteriocin produced from lactobacilli has good antimicrobial activity.
Food Standards Australia New Zealand
The student was given an unknown mixed culture and used quadrant streaking to isolate a pure colony. A Gram stain showed the isolated bacteria was Gram positive. Motility tests found it was non-motile. A series of metabolic tests for properties like citrate utilization, carbohydrate fermentation, and catalase presence were done. By comparing the results to database entries, the unknown bacteria was identified as Staphylococcus.
Bombax ceiba thorn extract mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles, eva...
The current research aimed at fabricating plant extract mediated biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) utilizing thorn extract of Bombax ceiba (TEBC). The synthesized AgNPs was characterized by UV spectroscopy where the surface plasmonic resonance peak (SPR) was located at 222 nm. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies demonstrated that the morphology of fabricated nanomaterials was primarily cylindrical of average size of 20-30 nm with some spindles of size >50 nm. The anti-microbial evaluation against Staphylococcus aureus revealed that AgNPs exhibited notable activity with ZOI of 27.2 mm at MIC of 25 μg/mL. The outcome of this research evidently signified that the biofabricated AgNPs using TEBC may be a new greener approach or technology to formulate anti-bacterial nanodrugs in future.
clean[1]
1. The study investigated the use of chemically modified rice husk for removing copper from wastewater through adsorption. Rice husk was treated with alkali to increase its sorption properties.
2. Batch experiments showed that 90-98% of copper could be removed using the treated rice husk. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm model best fit the experimental data on the distribution of copper between liquid and solid phases.
3. Kinetic studies were conducted to determine the rate constant, activation energy, and thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption process. This provided information about the adsorption mechanism.
An investigation on heavy metal tolerance properties of bacteria isolated fro...
The presence of high concentration of toxic heavy metals in industrial waste directly leads to contamination of receiving soil and water bodies and has deleterious impact on both human health and aquatic life. In the present study samples from textile mill effluent from different areas of Jessore city were analyzed for the identification and characterization of bacteria which shows tolerance to Copper, Mercury and Zinc. The bacterial isolates were characterized on the basis of their morphological and physiological studies including size and shape of the organisms, arrangement of the cells, presence or absence of spores, regular or irregular forms, gram reaction, cultural characteristics, IMViC test, H 2S production, nitrate reduction, deep glucose agar test etc. All the bacterial isolates belonged to 3 genera Bacillus, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas. All the gram positive isolates used in our study showed highest level of tolerance to Zn and moderate level of tolerance to Cu while gram negative isolates showed higher tolerance to Zn in comparison with Cu in nutrient broth. But all of the isolates showed almost no tolerance to Hg. So, our bacterial isolates have the probability to use in the treatment of industrial effluent containing heavy metals and thus pollution due to heavy metal can be controlled. The goal of this study was to identify heavy metal tolerant bacteria from the textile effluent. This kind of study is very significant for broader investigation to obtain data about metal tolerant bacteria considering their potential use for bioremediation and about the interactions between metals and bacteria.
Bombax ceiba thorn extract mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Eva...
The current research aimed at fabricating plant extract mediated biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) utilizing thorn extract of Bombax ceiba (TEBC). The synthesized AgNPs was characterized by UV spectroscopy where the surface plasmonic resonance peak (SPR) was located at 222 nm. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies demonstrated that the morphology of fabricated nanomaterials was primarily cylindrical of average size of 20-30 nm with some spindles of size >50 nm. The anti-microbial evaluation against Staphylococcus aureus revealed that AgNPs exhibited notable activity with ZOI of 27.2 mm at MIC of 25 μg/mL. The outcome of this research evidently signified that the biofabricated AgNPs using TEBC may be a new greener approach or technology to formulate anti-bacterial nanodrugs in future.
Cyanide and its biodegradation
details of hazardous component of waste from metallurgy / electroplating industries with information regarding its bio degradation
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Mid-Term-Bioleaching-Presentation-2015
- 1. Justin Rangasawmy & Kusum Basnet ENGI33126 – Tech. Report 2
- 2. Definition of bioleaching Different methods of used in experiment: Acid leaching vs. Bioleaching Purpose and general overview Problems and solutions Quality Control Method Next presentation
- 3. Extraction of metal from ore using non traditional methods Metallic ores contain metal sulphides. Leaching converts metal sulfide to a metal forms which can be solubilized and filtered.
- 4. Bioleaching Acid Leaching Industrial Leaching
- 5. Definition: Bioleaching is a method of metal extraction of ore with the usage of microorganisms. Examples: Bacteria: Paenibacillus Polymyxa Fungi : Aspergillus niger Penicillium simplicissimum
- 6. Definition: Acid leaching is a wet method of metal extraction where ore is treated with acid and agitated for efficiency. Goal is to oxidize the original metal form to a water soluble form.
- 7. In Bioleaching: Grow bacteria, Paenibacillus Polymyxa, to extract a variety of metals from Olivine ore. Comparative experiment – leached metals using bioleaching will be compared to acid leach.
- 8. In Acid-leaching: Usage of Lactic and Hydrochloric acid to extract a variety of metals from olivine ore. Comparative experiment of Acid-leaching of Olivine ore from various locations: Spain, Italy and Norway
- 9. Bioleaching and Acid-leaching: Metals extracted will be analyzed for mass amounts using ICP-OES analysis.
- 10. Streak the plates with revived bacteria. Leave plates in incubator for growth.
- 12. Mature bacteria colonies were introduced to liquid broth sample along with pulverized ore.
- 13. Left to leach for 2 – weeks in incubator
- 15. The Bioleaching sample triplicates were centrifuged.
- 17. Live bacteria were killed off using the autoclave.
- 18. Acid leaching was also done on the ore for comparison of results. Both LacticAcid and Hydrochloric Acid were used in leaching process. Left for 1 week on shaker table and later centrifuged.
- 20. 5 standards were made for calibration of the instrument. 24 samples were made up for acid leaching. 3 unknown replicates were made from bioleaching process.
- 22. Standards, samples and unknowns were analyzed.
- 24. Originally, fungi, Aspergillus Niger was proposed Aspergillus Niger: Important organism in biotechnology Used in enzyme production A promising Nickel leaching micro-organism
- 25. Problem? A. Niger contains toxic spores than can be airborne Can make people with weak immune systems become very sick may even result in death Can cause a lung disease calledAspergillosis
- 26. Solution? Bacteria, Paenibacillus Polymyxa was used Seemed safer alternative. Soil bacteria Contributes in nitrogen fixation
- 27. Contamination of agar plate While incubating agar plates it was discovered that different colonies of micro- organisms where growing along
- 28. Description: Rod shaped Gram positive Colorless
- 31. Blank AgarTest
- 33. Source? Shared micro-lab Fridge Sponge plug Desk Surface
- 34. Solution? New agar solution was prepared Autoclaved equipment Use of biosafety cabinet Used UV light to disinfect surface
- 36. Kusum working in biosafety cabinet
- 38. Bacteria when received were freeze dry Growth and viability of bacteria was important Temperature control and PH testing were done
- 39. pH strips were used for pH testing
- 40. Experimental Results Waste/Disposal Equipment Used (ShakerTable, Incubator, Bio-Safety Cabinet etc.) Case Study on Bioleaching – Current Research Projects. Paenibacillus Polymyxa Overview
- 41. Questions????