The document outlines Wagdy Sayed Ahmed Ahmed's background working as a chemist for the Giza company for water and wastewater in Egypt, and his proposal to study biosorption as part of a postgraduate program to help address water treatment challenges facing his company. Biosorption shows potential for removing various pollutants from water and wastewater through the use of biological materials, and Wagdy's goals are to both further his own education and help develop more advanced treatment methods for his company.

1. Prepared and presented By:
Wagdy Sayed Ahmed Ahmed
Postgraduate program in Integrated Water
Technologies for Egyptian Master Students
Directed To:
Steering committee of :

2. Outlines
• Personal experience and background.
• Application field (Giza company for water and wastewater).
• Introduction to biosorption.
• Possible applications of biosorption.
• preparation of biosorbent.
• biosorption mechanisms.
• Affecting factors and process monitoring.
• My planned goals from the project.

3. Personal details :
• I`m Wagdy Sayed Ahmed.
• My current job is chemist in Central laboratory for drinking water , in Giza
company for water and wastewater, Holding company for water and wastewater.
• My responsibilities is to determine :
• Volatile organic compounds in water using GC/MS Purge and Trap technique.
• Total organic carbon in water by UV oxidation technique.
• Total organic halogen in water by Combustion technique.
• Total oil and grease in water by FT-IR spectroscopy technique.
• Quality control system in organic laboratory.
• I have a good knowledge about all other analysis techniques used
in the lab as:
• LC/MS/MS, GC/FID, GC/NPD, ICP-OES, UV-Vis spectroscopy.
• I have good experience in water treatment process obtained
during my work as control chemist in water treatment plant.

4. Giza company for water
and wastewater
• Produce more than 3 millions m3/day of drinking water.
• Serving about 7 million people living in the governorate.
• Mainly depend on Nile river as row water source.
• Has control lab in each individual plant and central lab for micro scale analysis.
• There are many factories along the river which drain its exhaust into river.
• The pesticides, herbicides, ammonia and phosphates used in agriculture arrive to
the river stream through agricultural drainage network.
• Accidents and unfair use of the river cause various contaminations.
• All water treatment plants drains its sludge into river again.
• Many sources of pollutants make purification process more difficult.
• Purification using sedimentation and rapid filtration isn`t enough to eliminate all
pollutants from water.
• The company Lacks to advanced treatment methods in drinking water plants.

5. Introduction to
biosorption
• Based on absorption and/or adsorption ability of living and non-living organisms
to certain materials.
• Aimed to eliminate pollutants from aqueous solution (water, wastewater and
industrial waste) by safe and cheep techniques.
• In order to use biomass as biosorbent many treatment steps is required.
• Efficiency, selectivity, capacity, recovery, and many other parameters used to
evaluate biosorption process.
• Various species of biomaterials used as biosorbents.
• Scientists planed to use biosorpion
in treatment of various pollutants.
• Biosorption process is controlled
by many factors.

6. Applications of
biosorption
• The first patent for a biosorption apparatus used for biological treatment of
wastewater was registered by the Ames Crosta Mills & Company Ltd. in 1973.
• The first patent on the use of biosorption technology for removing uranium or
thorium ions from aqueous suspension/solution was granted to B. Volesky and
M. Tsezos in 1982.
• Steen and Karickhoff (1981) reported uptake of hydrophobic organic pollutants
by mixed microbial populations.
• Mack et al. reviewed the use of biosorbents for recovery
of precious metals like gold, platinum, and palladium.
• Andrès et al. reviewed microbial biosorbents as a means of concentrating rare
earth elements like europium, lanthanum, scandium, and ytterbium.

7. Biosorbent
preparation
Native biomass
Washing Size reduction
powder
Granular
Chemical
Treatment
Granularpowder
pelletizing Mixer
granulator
extrusion Fluidised-bed
agglomeration
drying
biosorbent

8. • Coast:
the most affordable sorbent have better chance for application.
• abundance:
sorbent should be easy to be cultured, rubbish of another activity.
• Safety:
it`s not logic to use toxic organisms as biosorbent.
• Capacity:
adsorbed pollutant per unit mass of biosorbent.
• Recovery and reuse of biosobent:
reduce coast.
• Recovery of sorbate:
when process made to collect target materials such as precious metals
from aqueous solution.
Factors control
applicability

9. Biosorption
mechanisms
Biosorption
mechanism
Metabolism
dependent
Transport across
cell membrane precipitation
Non- metabolism
dependent
Physical
adsorption
Ion exchange Complexation
Classification
according to
dependence on
the cellular
metabolism

10. Biosorption
mechanisms
Biosorption
mechanism
Intra-cellular
accumulation
Transport
across cell
membrane
Cell surface
Adsorption/precipitation
Ion
exchange
Physical
adsorption
Complexation
Extra-cellular
accumulation/ precipitation
precipitation
Classification
according to the
location where
biosorption
occurs

11. Factors affects
biosorbtion efficiency
• Surface area:
direct proportional.
• Active sites:
which bind with pollutant increased by chemical treatment.
• PH:
altered by pretreatment ( washing with alkali or acid).
• Inhibiting groups:
restrict binding of pollutant (eliminated by chemical treatment).
• Temperature:
enhance biosorption but may damage physical structure.
• Pollutant conc.:
increase capacity but decrease efficiency of biosorbent.
• Biosorbent dosage:
increase efficiency but may lead to coagulation.
• agitation speed:
enhance biosorpion but may damage physical structure.

12. Planned goals
personal scale:
I`m locking for start my postgraduate study by this project and
Complete my studies in the same field. serving my society by
Improving more advanced water treatment methods as well as find
Right way for reusing industrial bio-wastes.
For my company:
I would like to create research team complete each other and have
Definite goals:
- Find suitable solution for current problems.
- Expect future challenges which will face the water field in Egypt.
- Develop and test advanced treatment methods.
- Create well trained team to work at accidental conditions.

13. Discussion