This document discusses previous and potential future energy management initiatives at the Christian Health Care Center in Wyckoff, NJ. It outlines lighting retrofits, insulation upgrades, boiler replacements, and other past projects. It describes a proposed micro-turbine/chiller cogeneration system that would provide electricity and thermal output. The system would include micro-turbines, an absorption chiller, cooling towers, and backup chillers. It analyzes the potential energy and cost savings from decreased demand charges and thermal output. Recommendations are provided to refine the measurement and control of thermal loads from the system.

1. Christian Health Care CenterChristian Health Care Center
Wyckoff, NJWyckoff, NJ
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Previous Energy Management InitiativesPrevious Energy Management Initiatives
► Lighting Retrofits.Lighting Retrofits.
 Campus WideCampus Wide
► Insulation Upgrades.Insulation Upgrades.
 Bld-1, 2, 5, &7Bld-1, 2, 5, &7
► Boiler replacement with high efficiencyBoiler replacement with high efficiency
multi-stage or modular boilers.multi-stage or modular boilers.
► Switch electric heat to gas.Switch electric heat to gas.
► Remove unused hot/hot domesticRemove unused hot/hot domestic
H/W systems.H/W systems.
► Utilize lower temperature H/WUtilize lower temperature H/W
systems and boost as needed locally.systems and boost as needed locally.
► Window Replacement.Window Replacement.
 Bld-1, 2, 5, 7, & all newBld-1, 2, 5, 7, & all new
► Energy Management systems.Energy Management systems.
 Previously primarily upperPreviously primarily upper
campus, currently expanding tocampus, currently expanding to
whole campus and updatingwhole campus and updating
older systemsolder systems
 Night Setback and UnoccupiedNight Setback and Unoccupied
settingssettings
► Variable Speed Drives & SoftVariable Speed Drives & Soft
Starts.Starts.
 Large Pumps and FansLarge Pumps and Fans
► Air Condition Makeup Air forAir Condition Makeup Air for
dehumidification.dehumidification.
 Added comfort whileAdded comfort while
maintaining higher spacemaintaining higher space
temperaturestemperatures

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Previous Energy Management InitiativesPrevious Energy Management Initiatives
► White Roofing / Cooler building.White Roofing / Cooler building.
 Bld-2, Small portion of CommonBld-2, Small portion of Common
► Motor replacement.Motor replacement.
 Replacement with highReplacement with high
efficiency motors at time ofefficiency motors at time of
replacementreplacement
► All New Construction include theAll New Construction include the
newest technology.newest technology.

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Micro-turbine / ChillerMicro-turbine / Chiller
► Cogeneration is the simultaneousCogeneration is the simultaneous
generation of power and heat /generation of power and heat /
cooling. Combined heat and power.cooling. Combined heat and power.
(CHP)(CHP)
► Conventional power generation isConventional power generation is
only 35% efficient with up to 65% ofonly 35% efficient with up to 65% of
the energy released as waste heat.the energy released as waste heat.
► Further loses of 5-10% are lost withFurther loses of 5-10% are lost with
the transmission and distribution viathe transmission and distribution via
the grid.the grid.
► The efficiency of a cogenerationThe efficiency of a cogeneration
plant reach 90% or more with anplant reach 90% or more with an
energy savings ranging betweenenergy savings ranging between
15-40%.15-40%.
► Benefits of CogenerationBenefits of Cogeneration
 Increased energy conservation.Increased energy conservation.
 Lower emissions particularlyLower emissions particularly
CO2.CO2.
 Cost savings providingCost savings providing
additional competitiveness.additional competitiveness.
 Move toward decentralizedMove toward decentralized
electric generation, higherelectric generation, higher
efficiency, lower transmissionefficiency, lower transmission
loss, increased flexibility.loss, increased flexibility.
 Removes load from the gridRemoves load from the grid
reducing the amount it has to bereducing the amount it has to be
built up and reducing strainbuilt up and reducing strain
which cause brown and blackwhich cause brown and black
outs.outs.

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PureComfort SystemPureComfort System
► Micro-turbinesMicro-turbines
Configuration of four 60 kW micro-Configuration of four 60 kW micro-
turbines producing gross electricturbines producing gross electric
power output of 240 kW.power output of 240 kW.
Air-bearings enable them to operateAir-bearings enable them to operate
lubricant-free for thousands of hourslubricant-free for thousands of hours
between scheduled maintenancebetween scheduled maintenance
intervals.intervals.
Inverter-based power conversionInverter-based power conversion
simplifies interconnection with thesimplifies interconnection with the
grid.grid.

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Exhaust Diverter ValveExhaust Diverter Valve

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PureComfort SystemPureComfort System
► Double-effect AbsorptionDouble-effect Absorption
ChillerChiller
Highly efficient exhaust drivenHighly efficient exhaust driven
chillers generate an output ratechillers generate an output rate
of 130% - 30% higher than theof 130% - 30% higher than the
waste heat it absorbs.waste heat it absorbs.
A supplemental heat exchangerA supplemental heat exchanger
is available to increase theis available to increase the
overall annual efficiency of theoverall annual efficiency of the
system.system.

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Two Cell Cooling TowerTwo Cell Cooling Tower

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Backup Air Cooled ChillerBackup Air Cooled Chiller

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Generated & Imported Power ProfilesGenerated & Imported Power Profiles

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Energy Management – Building Wake UpEnergy Management – Building Wake Up

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Decreased Demand ChargeDecreased Demand Charge
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
8:40
9:40
10:40
11:40
12:40
13:40
14:40
15:40
16:40
17:40
18:40
19:40
20:40
21:40
22:40
23:40
0:40
1:40
2:40
3:40
4:40
5:40
6:40
7:40

15. Spark Spread CalculationSpark Spread Calculation
Cost of Gas $
Maintenance, Service, & Repair $
Equipment Capitalization $
Total Cost to Produce Electric $
Grid Cost per KWH $
Spark Spread (+ / -)
Credit from Thermal Output $
Financially Viable Operation ( + )
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““Free” Thermal OutputFree” Thermal Output
► Accounting for the “free heating”Accounting for the “free heating”
byproduct.byproduct.
 Main & domestic hot water loopMain & domestic hot water loop
temperature and flow.temperature and flow.
 Convert to BTU.Convert to BTU.
 Current Gas pricing.Current Gas pricing.
 Adjust to replaced equipmentAdjust to replaced equipment
efficiencies.efficiencies.

17. Laundry Hot Water Pre-heatLaundry Hot Water Pre-heat
Original DesignOriginal Design Hot Water Pre-HeatHot Water Pre-Heat
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18. Laundry Hot Water Re-DesignLaundry Hot Water Re-Design
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Original One Pass Design New Separate Pre-Heat Tank
8.35 Weight of Water 8.35 Weight of Water
324 # of Gallons / per Fill 324 # of Gallons / per Fill
2,703 Pounds Of Water 2,703 Pounds Of Water
7 Temperature Rise 55 Temperature Rise
18,927 BTU 148,715 BTU
786% More BTUs from Chiller

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Power Loading StrategiesPower Loading Strategies
► Base load Power GenerationBase load Power Generation
 Use when gas price to electricUse when gas price to electric
price is highly advantageous.price is highly advantageous.
 Savings by displacedSavings by displaced
commodity cost and lowercommodity cost and lower
demand charges.demand charges.
► Peaking Power GenerationPeaking Power Generation
 Use when gas price to electricUse when gas price to electric
price is close but peak shavingprice is close but peak shaving
would be beneficial.would be beneficial.
 No or minimal commodityNo or minimal commodity
saving but lower demandsaving but lower demand
charges.charges.

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Power Loading StrategiesPower Loading Strategies
► Load Following GenerationLoad Following Generation
 Use when price of gas is to highUse when price of gas is to high
to make generation of electricto make generation of electric
advantageous.advantageous.
 Produce thermal load withProduce thermal load with
electric production beingelectric production being
secondary.secondary.
 Lose on commodity but savingLose on commodity but saving
realized with electricityrealized with electricity
produced.produced.

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Future OpportunitiesFuture Opportunities
► Facility energyFacility energy
management plan.management plan.
► Expanded use of Micro-Expanded use of Micro-
turbine / Chiller.turbine / Chiller.
► Grant Submission for Bld-3Grant Submission for Bld-3
& 4 boilers and domestic& 4 boilers and domestic
hot water systems.hot water systems.
► Upgrade Bld-4 throughUpgrade Bld-4 through
wall HVAC units.wall HVAC units.
► Solar Power.Solar Power.
► Expanded energyExpanded energy
management system.management system.
► Occupancy SensorsOccupancy Sensors
► Additional windowAdditional window
upgrades.upgrades.

22. RecommendationsRecommendations
1.1. Hold vendor to financially viableHold vendor to financially viable
project.project.
2.2. Third party audit.Third party audit.
3.3. Refine the measurement of theRefine the measurement of the
thermal output.thermal output.
4.4. Additional valves to properly separateAdditional valves to properly separate
and control the loads from the mainand control the loads from the main
loop.loop.
5.5. Add as much thermal load as possible.Add as much thermal load as possible.
6.6. Develop operating and sequencingDevelop operating and sequencing
criteria.criteria.
1.1. Involve the Operational departments inInvolve the Operational departments in
the process for maintainability andthe process for maintainability and
operability.operability.
2.2. Understand the electric and thermalUnderstand the electric and thermal
loads of the buildings.loads of the buildings.
3.3. Have the finished drawings andHave the finished drawings and
specifications up front before signingspecifications up front before signing
the final contract.the final contract.
4.4. Have firm performance goals built intoHave firm performance goals built into
project, measured by a dashboard.project, measured by a dashboard.
5.5. Supervise all phases of theSupervise all phases of the
installation.installation.
6.6. Monitor the performance aggressivelyMonitor the performance aggressively
documenting operating parametersdocumenting operating parameters
and performance.and performance.
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