Micromanipulation refers to procedures performed using microscopic instruments to manipulate eggs, sperm, and embryos. This includes techniques like partial zone dissection, subzonal insemination, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, somatic cell nuclear transfer, and gene transfer through microinjection. These techniques are used to increase fertilization and pregnancy rates, overcome male infertility, produce clones and chimeras, and enable genetic modification. They have helped advance reproductive biotechnologies and achieve major milestones like IVF births and the first animal clone. However, some argue that manipulating animals causes them suffering and poses ethical and environmental risks.