Microbial mittens
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The document summarizes four types of microbes: mycena mushrooms, which are fruiting bodies of fungal decomposers; planctomycetes, which are ubiquitous soil bacteria that independently evolved a nuclear membrane; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an antibiotic and dye producing bacteria; and cyanobacteria Anabaena, a photosynthetic bacteria that forms chain cells and fixes nitrogen in heterocyst cells.
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1) The document discusses the characteristics of microorganisms, including bacteria, yeasts, molds, viruses, algae and protozoa.
2) It provides details on the structures and features of bacteria, including that they are unicellular, prokaryotic, and vary in shape, size, and structures like capsules, cell walls, flagella and endospores.
3) Food microbiology studies the microorganisms that are naturally found in foods as well as those that may contaminate foods, noting both beneficial and harmful effects microorganisms can have on the food industry.
B.Sc. Biotech Biochem II BM Unit-1.3 Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
The document provides information on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It defines prokaryotes as single-celled organisms lacking membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotes are defined as having membrane-bound nuclei and organelles. The key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are summarized in a table, noting features such as nuclei, organelles, cell size, and genetic material organization. A timeline of major events in the origin and evolution of life on Earth is also presented.
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Biology - Chp 19 - Bacteria And Viruses - PowerPoint
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B.Sc. Biotech Biochem II BM Unit-1.3 Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
B.Sc. Biotech Biochem II BM Unit-1.3 Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
More from Kristen DeAngelis
10_Hypothesis_2022.pdf
This document discusses hypothesis testing in science. It explains that hypothesis testing is one method of scientific inquiry alongside other ways of knowing like traditional ecological knowledge. The document defines bias and lists some types of bias like survivorship bias that can influence scientific questions and results. It also outlines the characteristics of a good hypothesis, providing examples, and explains that the purpose of testing a hypothesis is to evaluate a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.
09_MeetTheIsolates_2022.pdf
This document provides an overview of a microbial genomics course project involving bacterial isolates from a long-term soil warming experiment. The project aims to sequence genomes of isolates collected from control and warmed soil plots over the course of the experiment to investigate evidence of microbial adaptation to warming at the genomic level. Isolates representing different time points in the experiment may allow insights into evolutionary responses to warming over time. The document outlines the workflow for building a culture collection from the soil samples and selecting isolates for genome sequencing based on phylogenetic and physiological analyses.
08_Annotation_2022.pdf
This document provides information about genome annotation. It begins by describing how open reading frames (ORFs) are identified in genomes and how genomes are annotated. It discusses the types of databases used to classify genes, such as those involved in metabolism. It provides examples of how genes are categorized, including by enzyme commission numbers, FIGfams, Pfam, COGs, KEGG Orthology numbers, and metabolic pathways. It also discusses topics like pseudogenes, the origin of replication, ribosomal operons, GC skew, and central carbon metabolism pathways like glycolysis and the Entner-Doudoroff pathway.
07_Phylogeny_2022.pdf
This document provides an overview of phylogeny and constructing phylogenetic trees. It defines phylogeny as models of evolutionary relationships among species based on sequence similarities, often illustrated as phylogenetic trees. It describes how to construct phylogenetic trees, including choosing marker genes, aligning sequences, calculating evolutionary distances, performing phylogenetic analysis, and dealing with complexities like long-branch attraction. It also discusses species definitions in microbes and operational species concepts based on metrics like 16S rRNA sequence identity.
06_Alignment_2022.pdf
This document discusses sequence alignment and its applications in bioinformatics. It begins by explaining the goals of learning about homology and how sequence alignment relates to function across organisms. It then describes different types of sequence alignment including global, local, Needleman-Wunsch, Smith-Waterman, and BLAST. It explains how to quantify alignment scores and perform statistical analysis of alignments. The document provides examples of alignment matrices and algorithms for finding the best alignment between sequences.
05_Microbio590B_QC_2022.pdf
Measures of DNA sequence quality include chastity, low quality reads, adapter contamination, discordant read pairs, duplicate reads, biases, contamination, and complexity of genomes. Chastity measures the signal to noise ratio, while low quality reads have high incorrect base calling. Adapter contamination occurs when sequencing reads include adapter sequences. Discordant read pairs have the paired-end sequences out of order. Duplicate reads are more common than expected by chance. Biases can skew sequence composition. Contamination introduces undesired sequences. Complex genomes like those with repeats or heterozygosity challenge assembly. Ensuring high quality involves evaluating these measures and preprocessing like trimming.
04_Assembly_2022.pdf
This document discusses genome assembly from metagenomic sequencing data. It defines key terms like metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) and describes how genome assembly works, including using de Bruijn graphs to assemble short sequencing reads into longer contigs and scaffolds. The document also outlines several measures used to assess genome assembly quality, such as coverage, contig length metrics like N50 and N75, and completeness and contamination measurements.
03_Microbio590B_sequencing_2022.pdf
This document provides an overview of different DNA sequencing technologies, including:
- Sanger sequencing, the first generation method using chain termination.
- Next generation sequencing methods like Illumina that use sequencing by synthesis and massively parallel approaches.
- Third generation long-read sequencing methods like PacBio and Oxford Nanopore that sequence single native DNA molecules and can detect modifications but have lower throughput.
It describes the key innovations, working mechanisms, and tradeoffs of read length, output, and accuracy between Sanger, next generation, and long-read third generation sequencing technologies. It also highlights the portability of Oxford Nanopore sequencing with the MinION device.
02_Microbio590B_genomics_2022.pdf
This document provides an overview of the topics that will be covered in a lecture on bacterial genomics and molecular biology. The lecture will describe bacterial, eukaryotic, and endosymbiont genome structure and organization. It will explain how DNA replication, transcription, and translation are timed with the cell cycle. The lecture will also define the components of typical bacterial genes and how they are arranged in genomes. Finally, it will contrast the molecular structures of DNA and RNA.
01_Microbio590B_intro_2022.pdf
This document provides an overview of a bioinformatics lab course at UMass Amherst taught by Professor Kristen DeAngelis in the fall of 2022. The goals of the course are to use genomics to understand ecosystems and microbial adaptation to climate change. Students will analyze bacterial genomes from the professor's research lab using bioinformatics tools on the MGHPCC cluster and KBase. The course will involve both guided and independent analysis of genomes. Students are expected to participate actively and work independently on a capstone project analyzing a newly sequenced bacterial genome.
MorrillMicrobeMadness_HowtoPlay_Bracket.pdf
Instructions and bracket to play Morrill Microbe Madness, a game to review representative organisms from the major phyla of the domain bacteria, part of MICROBIO 480 Microbial Diversity.
MorrillMicrobeMadness_2022.pdf
A game to review representative organisms of the major phyla of the domain bacteria, part of UMass Microbial Diversity (MICROBIO 480). Class.
Lecture 11 (3 11-2021) acellular life
Unit 11: Viruses and Prions
LECTURE LEARNING GOALS
1. Define what is a virus, and describe the three theories on the origin of viruses.
2. Define and contrast prions and subviral agents. Explain how they are different from viruses.
3. Explain coronaviruses, the origin of SARS- CoV-2, how it infects cells, and the tools we use to fight the spread of COVID-19.
Lecture 10 (3 9-2021) archaea
Unit 10: Diversity of Permafrost
LECTURE LEARNING GOALS
1. Describe permafrost, and the microbial diversity of permafrost. Explain how the greatest diversity of Archaea exist in cold environments.
2. Describe the two main Archaeal phyla, and describe example species.
3. Explain how climate change is affecting permafrost and microbial diversity.
Lecture 09 (3 4-2021) euks
Unit 9: Human Microbiome
LECTURE LEARNING GOALS
1. Describe the human microbiome: how many microbes there are, how you get your microbiome, who’s there, and how it changes over time and by region.
2. Describe the domain eukarya. List the five superkingdoms and a few notable species.
3. Explain how the human microbiome is related to health and disease.
Lecture 08 (3 2-2021) rares
Unit 8: Rare and Uncultured Microbes
LECTURE LEARNING GOALS
1. Describe the phyla containing rare bacteria: Deinococcus/Thermus, Chlamydia & Planctomycetes.
2. Describe the sequencing methods used to understand uncultured microbes. Explain the Eocyte hypothesis and how this model differs from the three domain tree of life.
3. For the cultured microbes, describe major characteristics for the 13 bacterial phyla, and explain why some microbe remain uncultivated.
6
Lecture 07 (2 25-21) soils
Unit 7: Diversity of Soils & Sediments
LECTURE LEARNING GOALS
1. Define soils and sediment, and contrast the microbes living in each. Explain biogeochemical cycles.
2. Describe the diversity, metabolism & habitat of the five classes of the phylum Proteobacteria, including some common example species.
3. Describe the diversity, metabolism & habitat of the Gram-positive bacteria (phylua Firmicutes & Actinobacteria).
Lecture 06 (2 23-2021) microbial mats
Unit 6: Diversity of Microbial Mats
LECTURE LEARNING GOALS
1. Definemicrobialmats.Describethe functional guilds of microbes in the different layers, and how they interact.
2. Foreachofthethreephylaof photosynthetic bacteria, contrast how each fixes C and gains energy and reducing equivalents from light.
3. Forthetwothermophilicbacterialphyla, describe their adaptations to life at high
temperature. Explain how they are primitive and deeply-branching.
Lecture 05 (2 16-2021) baas becking
Unit 5: Everything is everywhere?
LECTURE LEARNING GOALS
1. State the Baas Becking hypothesis, and describe the environmental traits are the strongest drivers of microbial community.
2. Explain how to measure community dissimilarity. Explain why the Baas Becking hypothesis continues to be tested today.
3. Describe methods to link taxonomic or community structure to function.
Lecture 03 (2 09-2021) early earth
Unit 3: Microbiology of Early Earth
LECTURE LEARNING GOALS
• Describe the early Earth environment, and prevailing theories for the origins of life.
• Describe the major events in the evolution of cellular life, and when they happened.
• Explain the lines of evidence that lead us to know when early life arose, and the scientific basis behind each line.
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一比一原版加拿大多伦多大学毕业证（uoft毕业证书）如何办理
一模一样【微信：A575476】【加拿大多伦多大学毕业证（uoft毕业证书）成绩单Offer】【微信：A575476】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
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三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Matka ! Fix Satta Matka ! Matka Result ! Matka Guessing ! ...
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Matka ! Fix Satta Matka ! Matka Result ! Matka Guessing ! ...❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Kalyan Satta Matka Guessing Matka Result Main Bazar chart
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Matka ! Fix Satta Matka ! Matka Result ! Matka Guessing ! Final Matka ! Matka Result ! Dpboss Matka ! Matka Guessing ! Satta Matta Matka 143 ! Kalyan Matka ! Satta Matka Fast Result ! Kalyan Matka Guessing ! Dpboss Matka Guessing ! Satta 143 ! Kalyan Chart ! Kalyan final ! Satta guessing ! Matka tips ! Matka 143 ! India Matka ! Matka 420 ! matka Mumbai ! Satta chart ! Indian Satta ! Satta King ! Satta 143 ! Satta batta ! Satta मटका ! Satta chart ! Matka 143 ! Matka Satta ! India Matka ! Indian Satta Matka ! Final ankCherries 32 collection of colorful paintings
The cherry: beauty, softness, its heart-shaped plastic has inspired artists since Antiquity. Cherries and strawberries were considered the fruits of paradise and thus represented the souls of men.
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Kalyan Satta Matka Guessing Matka Result Main Bazar chart
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Kalyan Satta Matka Guessing Matka Result Main Bazar chart❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Kalyan Satta Matka Guessing Matka Result Main Bazar chart
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Kalyan Satta Matka Guessing Matka Result Main Bazar chart Final Matka Satta Matta Matka 143 Kalyan Chart Satta fix Jodi Kalyan Final ank Matka Boss Satta 143 Matka 420 Golden Matka Final Satta Kalyan Penal Chart Dpboss 143 Guessing Kalyan Night Chart Dino Ranch Storyboard / Kids TV Advertising
Storyboard produced for the TV commercial of a toy from the children's show “Dino Ranch”
一比一原版美国亚利桑那大学毕业证（ua毕业证书）如何办理
一模一样【微信：A575476】【美国亚利桑那大学毕业证（ua毕业证书）成绩单Offer】【微信：A575476】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：A575476】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：A575476】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
My storyboard for a sword fight scene with lightsabers
My storyboard for a sword fight scene with lightsabers
一比一原版(QUT毕业证)昆士兰科技大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
QUT毕业证【微信95270640】办理QUT毕业证【Q微信95270640】昆士兰科技大学毕业证书原版↑制作昆士兰科技大学学历认证文凭办理昆士兰科技大学留信网认证,留学回国办理毕业证成绩单文凭学历认证【Q微信95270640】专业为海外学子办理毕业证成绩单、文凭制作，学历仿制，回国人员证明、做文凭，研究生、本科、硕士学历认证、留信认证、结业证、学位证书样本、美国教育部认证百分百真实存档可查】
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国外毕业证学位证成绩单如何办理：
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6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）。望着父亲山娃反问道父亲听了并不回答只是吃吃地笑山娃很精神越逛越起劲父亲却越逛越疲倦望着父亲呵欠连天的样子山娃也说困了累了回家吧小屋闷罐一般头顶上的三叶扇彻夜呜呜作响搅得满屋热气腾腾也搅得山娃心烦意乱父亲一上床就呼呼大睡山娃却辗转反侧睡不着山娃一次又一次摸索着爬起来一遍又一遍地用暖乎乎的冷水擦身往水泥地板上一勺一勺的洒水也不知过了多久山娃竟迷迷糊糊地睡着了迷迷糊糊地又闻到了闹钟刺耳的铃声和哐咣的关和
一比一原版(BC毕业证)波士顿学院毕业证如何办理
BC毕业证学历书【微信95270640】办理波士顿学院毕业证成绩单（Q微信95270640）毕业证学历认证OFFER专卖国外文凭学历学位证书办理澳洲文凭|澳洲毕业证,澳洲学历认证,澳洲成绩单 澳洲offer,教育部学历认证及使馆认证永久可查 ,国外毕业证|国外学历认证,国外学历文凭证书 BC毕业证，BC毕业证，BC毕业证，BC毕业证，BC毕业证，BC毕业证，BC毕业证，专业为留学生办理毕业证、成绩单、使馆留学回国人员证明、教育部学历学位认证、录取通知书、Offer、
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如果你回国在学历认证方面有以下难题请联系我们我们将竭诚为你解决认证瓶颈
1所有材料真实但资料不全无法提供完全齐整的原件。【如：成绩单丶毕业证丶回国证明等材料中有遗失的。】
2获得真实的国外最终学历学位但国外本科学历就读经历存在问题或缺陷。【如：国外本科是教育部不承认的或者是联合办学项目教育部没有备案的或者外本科没有正常毕业的。】
3学分转移联合办学等情况复杂不知道怎么整理材料的。时间紧迫自己不清楚递交流程的。
如果你是以上情况之一请联系我们我们将在第一时间内给你免费咨询相关信息。我们将帮助你整理认证所需的各种材料.帮你解决国外学历认证难题。
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6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）。疯一把山娃算了算这一次足足花了老爸元够他挣上半个月的山娃很不解一向节俭的父亲啥时变得如此阔绰大方大把大把掏钱时居然连眉头也不皱一下车票早买好了直达卧铺车得经过山娃老家门口山娃拒绝父亲送说往车上一躺就等着下车决无丢失的道理有手机在身联系也方便再说他都岁了还有大半车的小伙伴相伴他不怕在父亲千叮咛万嘱咐中山娃依依不舍地爬上车朝窗外不住地挥手别了父亲别了父亲的城别了我的暑假生活我的城市生活望着窗外挥舞的房
Fashionista Chic Couture Mazes and Coloring AdventureA
Fashionista Chic Couture Maze & Coloring Adventures is a coloring and activity book filled with many maze games and coloring activities designed to delight and engage young fashion enthusiasts. Each page offers a unique blend of fashion-themed mazes and stylish illustrations to color, inspiring creativity and problem-solving skills in children.
哪里购买美国乔治城大学毕业证硕士学位证书原版一模一样
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HOW TO USE PINTEREST_by: Clarissa Credito
This tutorial offers a step-by-step guide on how to effectively use Pinterest. It covers the basics such as account creation and navigation, as well as advanced techniques including creating eye-catching pins and optimizing your profile. The tutorial also explores collaboration and networking on the platform. With visual illustrations and clear instructions, this tutorial will equip you with the skills to navigate Pinterest confidently and achieve your goals.
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka ...
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka ...➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
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❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Matka ! Fix Satta Matka ! Matka Result ! Matka Guessing ! ...
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Matka ! Fix Satta Matka ! Matka Result ! Matka Guessing ! ...
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Kalyan Satta Matka Guessing Matka Result Main Bazar chart
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Kalyan Satta Matka Guessing Matka Result Main Bazar chart
storyboard: Victor and Verlin discussing about top hat
storyboard: Victor and Verlin discussing about top hat
My storyboard for a sword fight scene with lightsabers
My storyboard for a sword fight scene with lightsabers
Fashionista Chic Couture Mazes and Coloring AdventureA
Fashionista Chic Couture Mazes and Coloring AdventureA
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka ...
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka ...
Microbial mittens
- 1. Microbial Knits by Kristen DeAngelis ravelry.com/people/kdeea
- 2. Mycena mushrooms • Fruiting bodies of fungal decomposers found on a decaying log • Microbes that you can see! Photo credit Scott Chimleski & Roberto Kolter, Life at the Edge of Sight.
- 3. Planctomycetes • Ubiquitous in soil, notoriously hard to grow • Independently evolved nuclear membrane and no outer membrane peptidogylcans Photo credit: Jenkins, Cheryl, and James T. Staley. "History, classification and cultivation of the Planctomycetes." Planctomycetes: Cell Structure, Origins and Biology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, 2013. 1-38.
- 5. Pseudomonas aeruginosa • Proficient antibiotic/dye producing bacteria • Colony morphology reflects adaptation to dry, surface-associated growth Photo credit Scott Chimleski & Roberto Kolter, Life at the Edge of Sight.
- 6. Cyanobacteria Anabaena • Photosynthetic bacteria in small chain cells (oxic) • Large heterocyst cell fixes N (anoxic), and attracts a cloud of heterotrophs, bacteria that deplete the local oxygen concentration Photo: https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Nostoc_muscorum