MICROBIAL LIFE IN EXTREME ENVIRONMENT.pptx
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Microbes cling to life in some of Earth's most extreme environments, from toxic hot springs to high-altitude deserts. These 'extremophiles' include organisms that can survive near-boiling heat or near-freezing cold, high pressure or high salt, as well as environments steeped in acids, alkalis, metals or radioactivity
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Coral Georgia
Coral reefs are ridges of rock formed by coral growth located in tropical oceans near the equator. They contain diverse ecosystems home to many plants, fish, and other creatures. The largest coral reef is the Great Barrier Reef in Australia.
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Coral reefs are found in warm, shallow waters around the equator in the Indian, Atlantic, and Pacific Oceans, most notably the Great Barrier Reef off Australia. Coral reefs are home to many fish, crustaceans, turtles, and plants like sea grass, sea fans, and coral polyps. While people cannot live on coral reefs as they are underwater habitats, they can visit and see the diverse marine life by scuba diving or snorkeling.
Coral reefs
Coral reefs are naturally colorful ecosystems found in clear, tropical oceans like Australia. They support thousands of species but are threatened by pollution, overharvesting, disease, and rising ocean temperatures and acidity caused by climate change. Coral reefs are home to algae, fish, mollusks, and other organisms in a complex food web where producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and decomposers all interact.
Relationships in coral reef presentation
This document discusses different types of symbiotic relationships in marine ecosystems:
- Competition: Sea sponges use chemical warfare to compete for space, with toxic varieties often outcompeting non-toxic ones.
- Predation: Tiger sharks prey on green sea turtles, using their senses and teeth to overcome the turtles' thick shells.
- Parasitism: Fish doctor isopods attach to fish, sucking their blood until the fish dies.
- Mutualism: Zooxanthellae algae live in coral tissues and provide nutrients to the coral in exchange for waste, essential to coral survival.
- Commensalism: Imperial shrimp ride on sea cucumbers for transportation
Tom Goreau, "The Tijuca Story: Reforestation and the Biotic Pump"
Presented at the Restoring Water Cycles to Reverse Global Warming conference October 16th-18th, 2015 at Tufts University.
www.bio4climate.org
Coral reef
The document discusses coral reef biodiversity and the Great Barrier Reef. It describes the Great Barrier Reef as a collection of over 3000 coral reefs off Australia's coast, forming one of the natural wonders of the world. It is home to thousands of species and provides food and jobs to the local economy. However, the reef is threatened by pollution, coastal development, ship traffic, and climate change, which have already damaged and killed parts of the reef. The reef ecosystem is highly complex, with coral polyps, fish, sharks, rays, and other species interacting as producers, grazers, predators, and through symbiotic relationships.
Coral reef Samantha
Coral reefs are made up of living organisms like plants and fish and are home to 25% of marine life. They are sometimes called the 'rainforests of the sea'. The most famous coral reef is the Great Barrier Reef located in Australia, but other reefs can be found in Hawaii and the Red Sea.
Coral reefs.ppt
A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Coral reefs are important for many different reasons aside from supposedly containing the most diverse ecosystems on the planet. They:
• protect coastlines from the damaging effects of wave action and tropical storms
• provide habitats and shelter for many marine organisms
• are the source of nitrogen and other essential nutrients for marine food chains
• assist in carbon and nitrogen fixing
• nutrient recycling.
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Coral Georgia
Coral reefs are ridges of rock formed by coral growth located in tropical oceans near the equator. They contain diverse ecosystems home to many plants, fish, and other creatures. The largest coral reef is the Great Barrier Reef in Australia.
The ocean
Coral reefs are found in warm, shallow waters around the equator in the Indian, Atlantic, and Pacific Oceans, most notably the Great Barrier Reef off Australia. Coral reefs are home to many fish, crustaceans, turtles, and plants like sea grass, sea fans, and coral polyps. While people cannot live on coral reefs as they are underwater habitats, they can visit and see the diverse marine life by scuba diving or snorkeling.
Coral reefs
Coral reefs are naturally colorful ecosystems found in clear, tropical oceans like Australia. They support thousands of species but are threatened by pollution, overharvesting, disease, and rising ocean temperatures and acidity caused by climate change. Coral reefs are home to algae, fish, mollusks, and other organisms in a complex food web where producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and decomposers all interact.
Relationships in coral reef presentation
This document discusses different types of symbiotic relationships in marine ecosystems:
- Competition: Sea sponges use chemical warfare to compete for space, with toxic varieties often outcompeting non-toxic ones.
- Predation: Tiger sharks prey on green sea turtles, using their senses and teeth to overcome the turtles' thick shells.
- Parasitism: Fish doctor isopods attach to fish, sucking their blood until the fish dies.
- Mutualism: Zooxanthellae algae live in coral tissues and provide nutrients to the coral in exchange for waste, essential to coral survival.
- Commensalism: Imperial shrimp ride on sea cucumbers for transportation
Tom Goreau, "The Tijuca Story: Reforestation and the Biotic Pump"
Presented at the Restoring Water Cycles to Reverse Global Warming conference October 16th-18th, 2015 at Tufts University.
www.bio4climate.org
Coral reef
The document discusses coral reef biodiversity and the Great Barrier Reef. It describes the Great Barrier Reef as a collection of over 3000 coral reefs off Australia's coast, forming one of the natural wonders of the world. It is home to thousands of species and provides food and jobs to the local economy. However, the reef is threatened by pollution, coastal development, ship traffic, and climate change, which have already damaged and killed parts of the reef. The reef ecosystem is highly complex, with coral polyps, fish, sharks, rays, and other species interacting as producers, grazers, predators, and through symbiotic relationships.
Coral reef Samantha
Coral reefs are made up of living organisms like plants and fish and are home to 25% of marine life. They are sometimes called the 'rainforests of the sea'. The most famous coral reef is the Great Barrier Reef located in Australia, but other reefs can be found in Hawaii and the Red Sea.
Coral reefs.ppt
A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Coral reefs are important for many different reasons aside from supposedly containing the most diverse ecosystems on the planet. They:
• protect coastlines from the damaging effects of wave action and tropical storms
• provide habitats and shelter for many marine organisms
• are the source of nitrogen and other essential nutrients for marine food chains
• assist in carbon and nitrogen fixing
• nutrient recycling.
Coral reef presentation
This document summarizes key information about coral reefs. It defines coral reefs as mounds or ridges composed of living coral, coral skeletons, and other organisms' deposits. Coral reefs originated in the mid-18th century and are found throughout tropical oceans between 30 degrees north and south latitude. Coral reefs are under threat from climate change and pollution and play an important role in biodiversity, coastal protection, medicine, and tourism.
Biology of cultured fish
Most fish are found in marine environments, where over 60% of fish species live. Marine fish can be found up to 7,000 meters deep in the oceans. In contrast, less than 1% of the Earth is freshwater, yet this environment is home to 40% of fish species. While marine fish have large ranges and distributions across oceans, freshwater fish tend to be more evolutionarily isolated and have narrower distributions due to barriers. An aquaculturist may classify cultured fish based on temperature, salinity, and reproductive preferences to determine the optimal growing conditions.
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This document summarizes the vegetation zones of Florida salt marshes. Salt marshes occur in intertidal zones along coastlines with low wave energy. Vegetation zones are determined by elevation and tidal flooding, ranging from the Spartina alterniflora zone at lowest elevations flooded daily, to a transitional shrub zone and upland forest. Within each zone, plant diversity and species composition is determined by salinity and soil conditions. Common plant species are described for each zone, from smooth cordgrass and black needlerush at lower elevations, to glassworts, saltgrass and sea lavender in salt flats, and bluestems, goldenrods and shrubs at higher elevations.
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The coral reef!
Coral reefs are shallow ocean habitats formed by coral polyps that provide shelter and support high biodiversity. They have the highest biodiversity of any ecosystem, with over 2,000 species of marine life. Key organisms include coral, which the reefs are built upon, as well as sharks, sea anemones, and damselfish. However, coral reefs are threatened by climate change, pollution, and mining that damages the delicate ecosystems.
Animals that Live in Estuaries
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Coral reefs are complex ecosystems composed mainly of corals, sponges, and algae. In coral reefs:
- Clown fish protects itself from sea anemone stings and in return protects the anemone from other creatures.
- Sea horses reside in seagrass beds near coral reefs.
- Sponges inhabit coral reef holes and damage corals by removing skeleton pieces.
- Corals and sponges compete for space as sessile organisms staying in one place.
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This document describes different estuarine communities, including open water, mudflats, salt marshes, mangrove forests, and other communities like seagrass beds and oyster reefs. It discusses the characteristic species found in each community and their roles, like cordgrass and fiddler crabs in salt marshes or red, black, and white mangroves in mangrove forests. However, many estuarine communities are being destroyed by human activities like reclamation, dredging, shrimp farming, and coastal development.
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This document summarizes ocean habitats and coral reefs. It describes the three zones of the ocean based on sunlight levels - the sunlight zone near the surface, the twilight zone in the middle, and the midnight zone near the bottom where only bioluminescence provides light. Coral reefs form in the sunlight zone, made of the skeletons of small coral animals. Coral reefs provide shelter and food for many ocean creatures. However, human impacts like pollution, boat anchors, and cyanide fishing have destroyed over 35 million acres of coral reefs.
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Plants and animals associates of living reef coralsCollege of Fisheries, KVAFSU, Mangalore, Karnataka
Coral reefs support a huge diversity of plant and animal life. Over 800 hard coral species and 4,000 fish species inhabit coral reefs. Coral reef ecosystems are home to fish, seabirds, sponges, jellyfish, worms, crustaceans, mollusks, echinoderms, sea turtles, sea snakes, and various plant life like seagrasses and mangroves. This diversity includes vertebrates like many fish species, sea snakes, sea turtles, and dugongs as well as invertebrates like sponges, starfish, sea urchins, snails, shrimp, and algae. Coral reefs provide vital habitat for breeding, feedingChapter 12
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Corals
Corals are endangered marine animals that build reef structures. They are threatened by illegal poaching, overfishing, pollution, and climate change impacts like coral bleaching. Ten critically endangered coral species are highlighted, including elkhorn coral which has declined 90-95% in the Florida Keys. Conservation efforts aim to protect these corals and reef ecosystems by reducing threats and educating people on sustainable practices like not touching or walking on reefs.
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Coral reefs are marine ecosystems home to thousands of species. They are found along coastal regions in the Gulf of Mannar, Gulf of Kutch, Palk Bay and islands of the Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep seas in India. There are three major types of coral reefs - fringing reefs along the shoreline, barrier reefs separated from coasts by channels, and atolls surrounding a central lagoon. Coral reefs are threatened by factors like rising water temperatures, sedimentation, and pollution, so conservation efforts aim to restrict activities that damage corals like mining, anchoring, trawling, and waste dumping.
Estuaries
Estuaries are transitional zones where rivers meet the sea. They are characterized by varying salinity levels due to mixing of fresh and salt water. Estuaries contain diverse habitats and are among the most productive ecosystems. They provide many resources including fisheries, tourism, transportation and cultural values. However, estuaries face threats such as land reclamation, pollution, overfishing and natural hazards. Protecting these fragile ecosystems and their services is important for both environmental and economic reasons.
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Coral reefs are underwater structures made up of stony coral polyp skeletons that are home to many tiny fish and organisms. They only cover about 1% of the ocean but are important ecosystems. Coral reefs are built by corals called scleractinians and are usually located in tropical waters. They can be threatened by human activities but are economically valuable, protecting coastlines and supporting tourism. The largest and most famous reefs are Australia's Great Barrier Reef and Indonesia's Raja Ampat Reef.
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Coral reefs provide important benefits by protecting coastlines from waves and storms, and by providing habitat for many marine organisms, but they face numerous threats to their existence. Coral reefs are being degraded by overfishing, pollution from sewage and agriculture, outbreaks of predatory starfish, invasive species, and sedimentation from land use, threatening their important functions and diverse ecosystems.
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This document summarizes key information about coral reefs. It defines coral reefs as mounds or ridges composed of living coral, coral skeletons, and other organisms' deposits. Coral reefs originated in the mid-18th century and are found throughout tropical oceans between 30 degrees north and south latitude. Coral reefs are under threat from climate change and pollution and play an important role in biodiversity, coastal protection, medicine, and tourism.
Biology of cultured fish
Most fish are found in marine environments, where over 60% of fish species live. Marine fish can be found up to 7,000 meters deep in the oceans. In contrast, less than 1% of the Earth is freshwater, yet this environment is home to 40% of fish species. While marine fish have large ranges and distributions across oceans, freshwater fish tend to be more evolutionarily isolated and have narrower distributions due to barriers. An aquaculturist may classify cultured fish based on temperature, salinity, and reproductive preferences to determine the optimal growing conditions.
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This document summarizes the vegetation zones of Florida salt marshes. Salt marshes occur in intertidal zones along coastlines with low wave energy. Vegetation zones are determined by elevation and tidal flooding, ranging from the Spartina alterniflora zone at lowest elevations flooded daily, to a transitional shrub zone and upland forest. Within each zone, plant diversity and species composition is determined by salinity and soil conditions. Common plant species are described for each zone, from smooth cordgrass and black needlerush at lower elevations, to glassworts, saltgrass and sea lavender in salt flats, and bluestems, goldenrods and shrubs at higher elevations.
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This presentation is for my school assessment on global environments. I chose coral reefs. My project explains coral reefs and the geographical processes involved with it as well.
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Coral reefs are shallow ocean habitats formed by coral polyps that provide shelter and support high biodiversity. They have the highest biodiversity of any ecosystem, with over 2,000 species of marine life. Key organisms include coral, which the reefs are built upon, as well as sharks, sea anemones, and damselfish. However, coral reefs are threatened by climate change, pollution, and mining that damages the delicate ecosystems.
Animals that Live in Estuaries
Estuaries are ecosystems where freshwater from rivers meets saltwater from the sea. They are highly productive habitats that support a great diversity of wildlife, serving as nurseries for many fish and breeding grounds for birds. Over time, estuaries fill with sediment from rivers and tides, eventually transforming into dry land. They provide food and shelter for many species of fish, birds, shellfish, and mammals.
Interactions among living things in coral reefs
Coral reefs are complex ecosystems composed mainly of corals, sponges, and algae. In coral reefs:
- Clown fish protects itself from sea anemone stings and in return protects the anemone from other creatures.
- Sea horses reside in seagrass beds near coral reefs.
- Sponges inhabit coral reef holes and damage corals by removing skeleton pieces.
- Corals and sponges compete for space as sessile organisms staying in one place.
- Crown-of-thorns starfish feed on coral polyps.
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This document describes different estuarine communities, including open water, mudflats, salt marshes, mangrove forests, and other communities like seagrass beds and oyster reefs. It discusses the characteristic species found in each community and their roles, like cordgrass and fiddler crabs in salt marshes or red, black, and white mangroves in mangrove forests. However, many estuarine communities are being destroyed by human activities like reclamation, dredging, shrimp farming, and coastal development.
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This document summarizes ocean habitats and coral reefs. It describes the three zones of the ocean based on sunlight levels - the sunlight zone near the surface, the twilight zone in the middle, and the midnight zone near the bottom where only bioluminescence provides light. Coral reefs form in the sunlight zone, made of the skeletons of small coral animals. Coral reefs provide shelter and food for many ocean creatures. However, human impacts like pollution, boat anchors, and cyanide fishing have destroyed over 35 million acres of coral reefs.
Coral reefs theory, types, formation
Coral reefs are built from the limestone skeletons of stony corals and cover around 100,000 square miles globally. They are located in shallow, tropical waters and grow gradually as coral polyps multiply and their skeletons accumulate. There are three main types of reefs - fringing reefs adjacent to land, barrier reefs separated from land by lagoons, and atolls which are ring-shaped reefs surrounding a central lagoon. Reefs support tremendous biodiversity but are threatened by human impacts like pollution, coastal development, overfishing, and climate change which can cause coral bleaching or increase ocean acidification.
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Plants and animals associates of living reef coralsCollege of Fisheries, KVAFSU, Mangalore, Karnataka
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The document discusses the different divisions of the marine environment including pelagic, benthic, and land environments. It notes there are over 250,000 known marine species ranging from bacteria to the largest animal, the blue whale. The pelagic environment contains more biomass than the benthic environment due to greater sunlight. Organisms are classified into taxa using the Linnaeus system of five kingdoms. Marine life also exhibits adaptations to conditions like temperature, salinity, dissolved gases, and water transparency.
Corals
Corals are endangered marine animals that build reef structures. They are threatened by illegal poaching, overfishing, pollution, and climate change impacts like coral bleaching. Ten critically endangered coral species are highlighted, including elkhorn coral which has declined 90-95% in the Florida Keys. Conservation efforts aim to protect these corals and reef ecosystems by reducing threats and educating people on sustainable practices like not touching or walking on reefs.
coral reef ecosystem (1554655)
Coral reefs are marine ecosystems home to thousands of species. They are found along coastal regions in the Gulf of Mannar, Gulf of Kutch, Palk Bay and islands of the Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep seas in India. There are three major types of coral reefs - fringing reefs along the shoreline, barrier reefs separated from coasts by channels, and atolls surrounding a central lagoon. Coral reefs are threatened by factors like rising water temperatures, sedimentation, and pollution, so conservation efforts aim to restrict activities that damage corals like mining, anchoring, trawling, and waste dumping.
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Plants and animals associates of living reef corals
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extreme habitats
Extreme habitats contain conditions that are difficult for most life to survive, such as very high or low temperatures, acidity or alkalinity levels, lack of water or oxygen, or presence of toxic substances. These habitats include alkaline, acidic, hot, cold, high salt, high pressure, high radiation, low water, and low oxygen environments. Extremophiles are organisms that thrive in these extreme conditions, such as the archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus, which grows best at 100°C, and the animal Spinoloricus cinziae, which does not require oxygen. Examples of extreme habitats include the alkaline and salty Mono Lake in California, the varied hot springs and geysers of Yellowstone
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3.Watershed-it is the total area of a region which contribute to the.pdf
3.Watershed-it is the total area of a region which contribute to the same outlet runoff or the entire
geographical area drained by river and its tributaries. The flow stream will be contributed from
highest elevation point of the region to the outlet runoff.
4 .A grab sample is a sampling technique which is a single sample or measurement taken at a
specific time or over a short period as feasible.
Grab sample provides an immediate sample and are thus preferred for some tests. It is also
known as catch sample or individual sample.
Composite sample is sample whereby multiple samples are combined, thoroughly homogenised
and treated as single sample.
5.Alkalinity-it refers to capability of water to neutralise acid. The alkalinity can be due to
presence of carbonate, bicarbonate and hydroxides etc in the solution. Alkalinity is important for
fish and aquatic life because it protects or buffer against rapid Ph change. Also alkalinity
neutralises acidity in our body which is root cause of inflammation or disease in the body.
Solution
3.Watershed-it is the total area of a region which contribute to the same outlet runoff or the entire
geographical area drained by river and its tributaries. The flow stream will be contributed from
highest elevation point of the region to the outlet runoff.
4 .A grab sample is a sampling technique which is a single sample or measurement taken at a
specific time or over a short period as feasible.
Grab sample provides an immediate sample and are thus preferred for some tests. It is also
known as catch sample or individual sample.
Composite sample is sample whereby multiple samples are combined, thoroughly homogenised
and treated as single sample.
5.Alkalinity-it refers to capability of water to neutralise acid. The alkalinity can be due to
presence of carbonate, bicarbonate and hydroxides etc in the solution. Alkalinity is important for
fish and aquatic life because it protects or buffer against rapid Ph change. Also alkalinity
neutralises acidity in our body which is root cause of inflammation or disease in the body..
Migration in fishes
This document summarizes fish migration. It defines fish migration as seasonal movement that implies returning to the starting point. It discusses different types of migratory fish species and patterns of migration including diadromous, potamodromous, and oceanodromous. The causes of migration are to avoid unfavorable conditions and exploit food sources. Physical, chemical, and biological factors influence migration. Advantages include access to more food, breeding places, and distribution while avoiding competition. Conservation of migratory fish is important for sustaining fisheries and coastal communities.
Deep Ocean
Deep ocean organisms such as tube worms, sea pigs, and giant squid live in extreme environmental conditions of high pressure, low temperatures around 2-4 degrees Celsius, and low oxygen levels. These organisms have developed adaptations like large eyes, bioluminescence, strong senses of smell, lack of swim bladders, expandable stomachs, lack of jaws, and camouflaging colors to survive in this environment. A human could not survive for long in the deep ocean due to the pressure causing lung collapse and body temperature dropping below the level for organ function within around 15 minutes. Special equipment able to withstand high pressure would be needed for a human to remain in the deep ocean environment.
Marine biomeorig
The marine biome covers 70% of the Earth and includes five main oceans. It has three vertical zones - the euphotic zone where light penetrates, the disphotic zone with twilight light levels, and the deep aphotic zone. The ocean contains a diversity of life including clams, dolphins, sharks, octopuses, sea snakes, sea anemones, mangroves, phytoplankton, and seaweeds.
Marine biomeorig
The marine biome covers 70% of the Earth and includes five main oceans. It has three vertical zones - the euphotic zone where light penetrates, the disphotic zone with twilight light levels, and the deep aphotic zone. The ocean contains a diversity of life including clams, dolphins, sharks, octopuses, sea snakes, sea anemones, mangroves, phytoplankton, and seaweeds.
Estuarine systems
The Estuarine System consists of deepwater tidal habitats and adjacent tidal wetlands that are usually semienclosed by land but have open, partly obstructed, or sporadic access to the open ocean, and in which ocean water is at least occasionally diluted by freshwater runoff from the land. The salinity may be periodically increased above that of the open ocean by evaporation. Along some low-energy coastlines there is appreciable dilution of sea water. Offshore areas with typical estuarine plants and animals, such as red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle) and eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica), are also included in the Estuarine System.
Deep sea ecology
The document provides an overview of deep-sea ecology, including key definitions and concepts. It describes the deep-sea as the largest ecosystem on Earth, located below 200m depth where there is no light. Life exists through chemosynthesis or relying on organic matter from surface waters. Organisms have adaptations for high pressure, low food availability, and absence of light. Diversity is high despite low population densities. Hydrothermal vents and cold seeps also support unique ecosystems through chemosynthesis.
OLIGOTROPHS ; microbial life at low nutrients.
Oligotrophs are organisms that can live in nutrient-poor environments. They are characterized by slow growth, low metabolism, and low population density. Examples include certain bacteria, fungi, and microbes found in deep ocean sediments, caves, glacial ice, aquifers, and leached soil. These oligotrophic environments have very low concentrations of nutrients. Oligotrophs have adaptations like high surface area to volume ratio and resistance to environmental stresses that allow them to acquire nutrients in nutrient-poor conditions. They can also enter dormant states during starvation and undergo cellular changes like reductive division for survival. Specific oligotrophic environments discussed include Antarctica, Crooked Lake, and deeper oligotrophic
Similar to MICROBIAL LIFE IN EXTREME ENVIRONMENT.pptx (20)
3.Watershed-it is the total area of a region which contribute to the.pdf
3.Watershed-it is the total area of a region which contribute to the.pdf
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Evaluation and Identification of J'BaFofi the Giant Spider of Congo and Moke...
ABSTRACT
The J'BaFofi, or "Giant Spider," is a mainly legendary arachnid by reportedly inhabiting the dense rain forests of
the Congo. As despite numerous anecdotal accounts and cultural references, the scientific validation remains more elusive.
My study aims to proper evaluate the existence of the J'BaFofi through the analysis of historical reports,indigenous
testimonies and modern exploration efforts.
TOPIC OF DISCUSSION: CENTRIFUGATION SLIDESHARE.pptx
Centrifugation is a powerful technique used in laboratories to separate components of a heterogeneous mixture based on their density. This process utilizes centrifugal force to rapidly spin samples, causing denser particles to migrate outward more quickly than lighter ones. As a result, distinct layers form within the sample tube, allowing for easy isolation and purification of target substances.
Signatures of wave erosion in Titan’s coasts
The shorelines of Titan’s hydrocarbon seas trace flooded erosional landforms such as river valleys; however, it isunclear whether coastal erosion has subsequently altered these shorelines. Spacecraft observations and theo-retical models suggest that wind may cause waves to form on Titan’s seas, potentially driving coastal erosion,but the observational evidence of waves is indirect, and the processes affecting shoreline evolution on Titanremain unknown. No widely accepted framework exists for using shoreline morphology to quantitatively dis-cern coastal erosion mechanisms, even on Earth, where the dominant mechanisms are known. We combinelandscape evolution models with measurements of shoreline shape on Earth to characterize how differentcoastal erosion mechanisms affect shoreline morphology. Applying this framework to Titan, we find that theshorelines of Titan’s seas are most consistent with flooded landscapes that subsequently have been eroded bywaves, rather than a uniform erosional process or no coastal erosion, particularly if wave growth saturates atfetch lengths of tens of kilometers.
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and ReplicabilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Abstract: Reproducibility (aka determinism in some cases) constitutes a fundamental aspect in various fields of computer science, such as floating-point computations in numerical analysis and simulation, concurrency models in parallelism, reproducible builds for third parties integration and packaging, and containerization for execution environments. These concepts, while pervasive across diverse concerns, often exhibit intricate inter-dependencies, making it challenging to achieve a comprehensive understanding. In this short and vision paper we delve into the application of software engineering techniques, specifically variability management, to systematically identify and explicit points of variability that may give rise to reproducibility issues (eg language, libraries, compiler, virtual machine, OS, environment variables, etc). The primary objectives are: i) gaining insights into the variability layers and their possible interactions, ii) capturing and documenting configurations for the sake of reproducibility, and iii) exploring diverse configurations to replicate, and hence validate and ensure the robustness of results. By adopting these methodologies, we aim to address the complexities associated with reproducibility and replicability in modern software systems and environments, facilitating a more comprehensive and nuanced perspective on these critical aspects.
https://hal.science/hal-04582287
Analysis of Polygenic Traits (GPB-602)
Quantitative genetics – study of inheritance of quantitative characters or polygenic characters in experimental populations.
SDSS1335+0728: The awakening of a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole⋆
Context. The early-type galaxy SDSS J133519.91+072807.4 (hereafter SDSS1335+0728), which had exhibited no prior optical variations during the preceding two decades, began showing significant nuclear variability in the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) alert stream from December 2019 (as ZTF19acnskyy). This variability behaviour, coupled with the host-galaxy properties, suggests that SDSS1335+0728 hosts a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole (BH) that is currently in the process of ‘turning on’. Aims. We present a multi-wavelength photometric analysis and spectroscopic follow-up performed with the aim of better understanding the origin of the nuclear variations detected in SDSS1335+0728. Methods. We used archival photometry (from WISE, 2MASS, SDSS, GALEX, eROSITA) and spectroscopic data (from SDSS and LAMOST) to study the state of SDSS1335+0728 prior to December 2019, and new observations from Swift, SOAR/Goodman, VLT/X-shooter, and Keck/LRIS taken after its turn-on to characterise its current state. We analysed the variability of SDSS1335+0728 in the X-ray/UV/optical/mid-infrared range, modelled its spectral energy distribution prior to and after December 2019, and studied the evolution of its UV/optical spectra. Results. From our multi-wavelength photometric analysis, we find that: (a) since 2021, the UV flux (from Swift/UVOT observations) is four times brighter than the flux reported by GALEX in 2004; (b) since June 2022, the mid-infrared flux has risen more than two times, and the W1−W2 WISE colour has become redder; and (c) since February 2024, the source has begun showing X-ray emission. From our spectroscopic follow-up, we see that (i) the narrow emission line ratios are now consistent with a more energetic ionising continuum; (ii) broad emission lines are not detected; and (iii) the [OIII] line increased its flux ∼ 3.6 years after the first ZTF alert, which implies a relatively compact narrow-line-emitting region. Conclusions. We conclude that the variations observed in SDSS1335+0728 could be either explained by a ∼ 106M⊙ AGN that is just turning on or by an exotic tidal disruption event (TDE). If the former is true, SDSS1335+0728 is one of the strongest cases of an AGNobserved in the process of activating. If the latter were found to be the case, it would correspond to the longest and faintest TDE ever observed (or another class of still unknown nuclear transient). Future observations of SDSS1335+0728 are crucial to further understand its behaviour. Key words. galaxies: active– accretion, accretion discs– galaxies: individual: SDSS J133519.91+072807.4
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDS
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
Compositions of iron-meteorite parent bodies constrainthe structure of the pr...
Magmatic iron-meteorite parent bodies are the earliest planetesimals in the Solar System,and they preserve information about conditions and planet-forming processes in thesolar nebula. In this study, we include comprehensive elemental compositions andfractional-crystallization modeling for iron meteorites from the cores of five differenti-ated asteroids from the inner Solar System. Together with previous results of metalliccores from the outer Solar System, we conclude that asteroidal cores from the outerSolar System have smaller sizes, elevated siderophile-element abundances, and simplercrystallization processes than those from the inner Solar System. These differences arerelated to the formation locations of the parent asteroids because the solar protoplane-tary disk varied in redox conditions, elemental distributions, and dynamics at differentheliocentric distances. Using highly siderophile-element data from iron meteorites, wereconstruct the distribution of calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) across theprotoplanetary disk within the first million years of Solar-System history. CAIs, the firstsolids to condense in the Solar System, formed close to the Sun. They were, however,concentrated within the outer disk and depleted within the inner disk. Future modelsof the structure and evolution of the protoplanetary disk should account for this dis-tribution pattern of CAIs.
Synopsis presentation VDR gene polymorphism and anemia (2).pptx
I am the PhD scholar of FND department, Assam down town University
Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...
We present the JWST discovery of SN 2023adsy, a transient object located in a host galaxy JADES-GS
+
53.13485
−
27.82088
with a host spectroscopic redshift of
2.903
±
0.007
. The transient was identified in deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Photometric and spectroscopic followup with NIRCam and NIRSpec, respectively, confirm the redshift and yield UV-NIR light-curve, NIR color, and spectroscopic information all consistent with a Type Ia classification. Despite its classification as a likely SN Ia, SN 2023adsy is both fairly red (
�
(
�
−
�
)
∼
0.9
) despite a host galaxy with low-extinction and has a high Ca II velocity (
19
,
000
±
2
,
000
km/s) compared to the general population of SNe Ia. While these characteristics are consistent with some Ca-rich SNe Ia, particularly SN 2016hnk, SN 2023adsy is intrinsically brighter than the low-
�
Ca-rich population. Although such an object is too red for any low-
�
cosmological sample, we apply a fiducial standardization approach to SN 2023adsy and find that the SN 2023adsy luminosity distance measurement is in excellent agreement (
≲
1
�
) with
Λ
CDM. Therefore unlike low-
�
Ca-rich SNe Ia, SN 2023adsy is standardizable and gives no indication that SN Ia standardized luminosities change significantly with redshift. A larger sample of distant SNe Ia is required to determine if SN Ia population characteristics at high-
�
truly diverge from their low-
�
counterparts, and to confirm that standardized luminosities nevertheless remain constant with redshift.
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
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acanthocytes_causes_etiology_clinical sognificance-future.pptx
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Evaluation and Identification of J'BaFofi the Giant Spider of Congo and Moke...
Evaluation and Identification of J'BaFofi the Giant Spider of Congo and Moke...
TOPIC OF DISCUSSION: CENTRIFUGATION SLIDESHARE.pptx
TOPIC OF DISCUSSION: CENTRIFUGATION SLIDESHARE.pptx
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Introduction_Ch_01_Biotech Biotechnology course .pptx
Introduction_Ch_01_Biotech Biotechnology course .pptx
SDSS1335+0728: The awakening of a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole⋆
SDSS1335+0728: The awakening of a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole⋆
Compositions of iron-meteorite parent bodies constrainthe structure of the pr...
Compositions of iron-meteorite parent bodies constrainthe structure of the pr...
Synopsis presentation VDR gene polymorphism and anemia (2).pptx
Synopsis presentation VDR gene polymorphism and anemia (2).pptx
Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...
Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
MICROBIAL LIFE IN EXTREME ENVIRONMENT.pptx
- 1. MICROBIAL LIFE IN EXTREME ENVIRONMENT PRESENTED TO PRESENTED BY Dr.Karthik Rithika . P Department Of Microbiology 1st M.sc Microbiology Sacred Heart College
- 2. EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS ALKALINE - broadly conceived as natural habitats above pH 9 whether persistently, or with regular frequency or for protracted periods of time. ACIDIC – broadly conceived as natural habitats below pH 5 whether persistently, or with regular frequency or for protracted periods of time
- 3. EXTREMELY COLD - broadly conceived habitates periodically or consistently below 5˚ C either persistently, or with regular frequency or for protracted periods of time .includes montane sites , polar sites, and deep ocean habitats EXTTREMELY HOT- broadly conceived habitats periodically or consistently in of 40˚ C either persistently, or with regular freqency or for protracted periods of time. Includes such as yellowstone and comparable locations worldeideor deep sea vents .
- 4. HYPERSALINE- ( high salt) environments with salt concentrations greater than that of seawater, that is , > 3.5%. Includes salt lakes. UNDER PRESSURE- broadly conceived as habitats under extreme hydrostatic pressure i.e. Aquatic habitats deeper than 2000 meters and enclosed habitats in oceans and deep lakes. RADIATION- broadly conceived as habitats exposed to abnormally high radiation or of radiation outside the normal range of light. Includes habitates exposed tohigh UV and IR radiation
- 5. WITHOUT WATER- broadly conceived as habitats without free whether persistently ,or with regular frequency or for protracted periods of time includes hot and cold desert environments, and some endolithic habitats. WITHOUT OXYGEN- broadly conceived as habitats without free oxygen – whether persistently, or with regular frequency , or for protracted periods of time. Includes habitats in deeper sediments. ALTERED BY HUMANS - heavy metals , organic compounds; anthropogenically impacted habitats. Inclues mine talings, oill mpacted habitats.