The document discusses the advance operating system and describes a microkernel. It notes that a microkernel manages system resources but keeps user and kernel services in separate address spaces to reduce kernel size. This allows the kernel to function better as a small, isolated module. Key advantages are that the system can be more easily expanded by adding applications without modifying the kernel, and modules can be replaced or modified without touching the kernel.

1. ADVANCE
OPERATING SYSTEM
Darakhshan Nayab
MSc(IT)
MS(Computer Science)
Dept.of Computer Science

2. Content
■ Micro kernel
■ Architecture
■ Advantages

3. Micro kernel
■ Microkernel is one of the classification of the kernel.
■ Being a kernel it manages all system resources.
■ But in a microkernel, the user services and kernel services
are implemented in different address space.
■ The user services are kept in user address space,
■ And kernel services are kept under kernel address space,
thus also reduces the size of kernel and size of operating
system as well.

4. Architecture

5. Advantages
■ Expansion of the system is easier, it is simply added in the
system application without disturbing the kernel.
■ The architecture of this kernel is small and isolated hence
it can function better.
■ Microkernels are modular, and the different modules can
be replaced, reloaded, modified without even touching the
Kernel.