The document describes the research methodology for a study on creating furniture from recycled paper. It will involve 7 researchers to create a prototype and test it, and 5 validators to objectively observe the testing. A non-probability sample will be used due to time constraints. Tests will evaluate properties like durability, moisture resistance, and comfort. Data will be collected using Likert scales and checklists, then analyzed using frequencies, percentages and weighted means. Ethical considerations include obtaining consent for minor participants and ensuring safety during prototype creation and testing.

1. CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Sampling
A. Partakers
The partakers of this study will be the seven researchers and a group of 5 validators. The
researchers will impart an effort in making the product’s prototype and designing the test series.
The group of validators will then supervise, and witness the testing. They will record the findings
in full honesty. The researchers are guaranteed to be persevering and resourceful as they will have
to engage in a painstaking formulation and designing of the whole research study. The validators
on the other hand must be conformists to honesty and truthfulness. They must cater the field of
science and research with true and valid information. The selection of validators will be done
randomly given that all the partaking validators are with supreme knowledge on what the product
is and with full awareness on what their task is.
B. Sampling Design
The type of sampling design used in this study is a non-probability sample. As they are not
truly representative, non-probability samples are done by the researcher themselves. However, a
researcher may not be able to obtain a random or stratified sample, or it may be too expensive.
The validity of non-probability samples can be increased by trying to approximate random
selection, and by eliminating as many sources of bias as possible. Often in testing the formulated
material, a set of validators will supervise the testing as method of eliminating non-objective
judgements.
Non-probability sampling design was used in the study since the project demands a long
span of time. Instead of creating sets of chairs, the researchers will just make one and let it go
through tests where its properties such as durability and its resistance to liquids will be assessed.
This study was conducted at Liloy National High School, Liloy, Zamboanga del Norte.
The researchers made a “paper timber” from waste papers collected from Liloy National High
School. This “paper timber” mixture will be made into chairs. If the chairs pass quality control

2. through series of tests, it would be proposed as an alternative material for wood used in chair/stool
production.
Instrument for Data Collection
The data collection of this research study will be hinged mostly on the Likert Scale and
validation sheet. As the prototype is being tested, the validators will then observe what happens
painstakingly and will refer to the Likert Scale and validation sheet in writing the observed results.
The Likert Scale and validation sheets will be based on the aspects of the furniture being
tested such as the maximum weight the chair can hold, its resistance to weathering agents such as
rain and extreme temperature, lightness, and the inconveniences as well as the beneficial impacts
of the chair production. The instrument for data collection will be made and designed with regards
to the situation in which the researchers can derive the most valid results. The instrument for data
collection is a structured questionnaire and a non participative observation.
The non participative observation will be used as it restricts the researchers to interfere
with the results and it is more objective compared to any other instruments of data collection. This
will allow the validators to completely take charge in the observation.

3. For the first research problem, the survey from below will be distributed to the validators
using the five point Likert Scale. With quantitative equivalents of 1- Not Efficient, 2- Poorly
Efficient, 3- Efficient, 4- Satisfactorily Efficient, 5- Very Efficient.
Problem 1: Efficiency of the Paper Timber Chair in terms of Appearance, Durability, and Product
Reliability.
Aspect
Quantitative Equivalent
1 2 3 4 5
A. Appearance
 Texture and Exterior
 Color
 Convenience of Shape
 Size
B. Durability
 Resistance of Moisture
 Resistance to Weight
C. Product Reliability
 Comfort
 Rigidity
 Structural Integrity
For the second research problem, the checklist below will be used to carve out an
observation and a set of valid data that will answer the research problem with accuracy. The
checklist is based on the null hypothesis for question 2 that the researchers are discrediting.

4. Problem 2: The major and primary problems and concerns upon testing the Paper timber chair
as a wooden chair alternative.
 The surface of the chair is bumpy and uneven.
 The chair’s exterior is soaking up moisture.
 Some parts of the chair are less firm and rigid.
 The exterior finish of the chair is uncomfortably rough.
 The chair becomes mushy when in contact with water.
 Integral parts and structures of the chair are not hardened.
 The chair needs cushioning.
 The chair requires a water resistant coating.
 The chair has to be supported with wooden beams to stand on its own.
Ethical Issues
The research study had been designed to cover every aspect in its scope. That may include
the ethical issues concerning the nature of the study. Before the conduct of the study, the ethical
issues had been determined and discussed in order to address ethical issues that may arise in
conducting the study.
A. Matters around subject matters
The research study is highly technical and scientific therefore it involves processes such as
chemical reactions with the use of heat and fire.
B. Matters around the researchers and partakers
The partakers of the study are young people and are not yet in legal age thus requiring each
one of them to submit a written agreement that they have been granted parental permission
(parental consents are attached to one of the appendices).
C. Matters around the recruitment of partakers
Partakers can be contacted or approached without prior notice. Becoming a partaker is
voluntary, hence no incentives will be given. The partakers are able to withdraw from the

5. project. The partakers voluntarily allow the researchers to take pictures and personal
information.
D. Risks and hazards to partakers or researchers
The project might demand time and will require the researchers and partakers to gather
aside from school days.
They will have to travel and engage in activities that involve processes such as building,
cooking, drying.
Plan for Data Analysis
The type of research used in this study is a descriptive-quantitative research. Descriptive-
quantitative research is all about quantifying relationships between variables. Variables are things
like weight, performance, time, and treatment. You measure variables on a sample of subjects. The
researchers express the relationship between variable using effect statistics, such as correlations,
relative frequencies, or differences between means.
The present study is about the production of furniture from “paper timber” which comes
from generated waste paper from schools. The descriptive-quantitative research is the most
suitable research method since the researchers have to observe the relationship between variables
such as the maximum weight of objects the chair made from waste paper can support.
All the data that will be derived will be organized for easy tabulation and will be presented
in the 4th Chapter of Research in Frequency counts, percentage weight values, and weighted mean
for analysis and interpretation of data. The results for Problem 1 will be processed using the five
point Likert Scale with the following quantitative and qualitative equivalents of 1- Not Efficient,
2- Poorly Efficient, 3- Efficient, 4- Satisfactorily Efficient, 5- Very Efficient. Meanwhile, on the
second problem, the result will be analysed in an inverse variation. The lesser the number of
checkmarks the stronger evidence there is to support the alternative hypothesis.
The Mechanics

6. A. Ingredients
 6 kilograms of paper
 6 kilograms of sawdust
 1 barrel water
 2 liters of scraped aloe vera
B. Materials/Equipment
 Large cooking pot that can hold at least 12 kilograms of paper and water mixture
 Extra large ladle
 Plywood and timbers
 Plainer
 Hammer
 Nails
 Saw
 Weights
 Plastic tires
C. Procedure
I. Mold making
1. Draw the outline of the molds in a piece of plywood with dimensions 8 inches by 3 inches
by 3 inches.
2. Attach the wood to the plywood using nails as it will serve as the wall of our mold and the
plywood as the floor.
II. Paper Timber Mixture Preparation
1. Prepare a large pot half way filled with water.
2. Put 12 kilograms of paper in the pot. Let it soak for three days.
3. Stir the mixture using the large ladle until every particle is smooth, even, and not clumping.
4. Start a fire and place the mixture of water and paper in a pre-heated cooking pot.
5. Let the mixture boil for 15 minutes.
6. Mix 6 kilograms of paper (40%) and 6 kilograms of sawdust (40%) in a large basin along
with 2 liters of scraped aloe vera (20%).
III. Molding the and drying the paper timber
1. Fill the molds with appropriate amounts of the “paper timber”.

7. 2. Apply pressure by using the weights and flatten the surface using a plainer.
3. Air-dry and sun-dry the paper in the molds and wait for one week.
4. Remove the produced chair piece from the molds.
5. Attach every parts using bolts and adhesives.
6. Beautify and apply finishing touches to the table by using plastic varnish and wheels.