Meralgia paresthetica is a condition caused by entrapment of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, which causes pain, tingling, or numbness in the outer thigh. The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve emerges from the lumbar plexus and passes under the inguinal ligament, where it is susceptible to entrapment. Common causes of entrapment include pregnancy, obesity, tight clothing, and metabolic conditions like diabetes. Treatment focuses on relieving nerve compression through weight loss, medication, corticosteroid injections, physical therapy techniques like acupuncture, TENS, and exercise.
Hoffa's Fracture: Diagnosis, management & New Classification System by BAGARI...Vaibhav Bagaria
Hoffa's Fracture - coronal split fracture of distal femur, its diagnosis, management strategy, a new classification and tips and tricks of management. First described Hoffa, a new classification system by Bagaria et al helps plan the surgery for these tricky fracture. The most crucial step is not to miss these fractures in ER.
Elbow is the most common joint to dislocate in children. Posterior dislocation is most common.
Simple dislocations are those without fracture.
Complex dislocations are those that occur with an associated fracture
references:
Campbell’s operative orthopaedics 11th edition
Text book of orthopaedics & fractures 5th edition Dr B. Aalami Harandi
Gray’s anatomy 2nd edition
Clinical anatomy Richard S. Snell
Hoffa's Fracture: Diagnosis, management & New Classification System by BAGARI...Vaibhav Bagaria
Hoffa's Fracture - coronal split fracture of distal femur, its diagnosis, management strategy, a new classification and tips and tricks of management. First described Hoffa, a new classification system by Bagaria et al helps plan the surgery for these tricky fracture. The most crucial step is not to miss these fractures in ER.
Elbow is the most common joint to dislocate in children. Posterior dislocation is most common.
Simple dislocations are those without fracture.
Complex dislocations are those that occur with an associated fracture
references:
Campbell’s operative orthopaedics 11th edition
Text book of orthopaedics & fractures 5th edition Dr B. Aalami Harandi
Gray’s anatomy 2nd edition
Clinical anatomy Richard S. Snell
Nerve injury is an injury to nervous tissue. There is no single classification system that can describe all the many variations of nerve injuries. In 1941, Seddon introduced a classification of nerve injuries based on three main types of nerve fiber injury and whether there is continuity of the nerve.
Seddon2 classified nerve injuries into three broad categories; neurapraxia, axonotmesis, and neurotmesis.
Entrapment Neuropathies in Upper Limb.pptxNeurologyKota
This presentation is about the entrapment syndrome of upper limb giving an insight regarding diagnosis clinically as well as electrophysiologically and
its management.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stockrebeccabio
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stock
Telegram: bmksupplier
signal: +85264872720
threema: TUD4A6YC
You can contact me on Telegram or Threema
Communicate promptly and reply
Free of customs clearance, Double Clearance 100% pass delivery to USA, Canada, Spain, Germany, Netherland, Poland, Italy, Sweden, UK, Czech Republic, Australia, Mexico, Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan.Door to door service
Hot Selling Organic intermediates
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
3. Anatomy of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve is a branch of the lumbar plexus, exiting
the spinal cord between the L2 and L3 vertebrae. It emerges at the lateral
edge of the psoas muscle group, below the ilioinguinal nerve, and then passes
beneath the iliac fascia and the inguinal ligament. It divides into two branches
– anterior and posterior – eight to ten centimeters below the spine, where it
also emerges from the fascia lata. The anterior branch supplies the skin of the
anterior and lateral regions of the thigh to the knee, while the posterior
branch supplies the lateral portion of the thigh, from the greater trochanter in
the hip, to mid-thigh, just above the knee.
4.
5. Signs and symptoms
• Pain on the outer side of the thigh, occasionally extending to the outer side of the knee,
usually constant.
• A burning sensation, tingling, or numbness in the same area.
• Occasionally, aching in the groin area or pain spreading across the buttocks
• Usually more sensitive to light touch than to firm pressure
• Hypersensitivity to heat (warm water from shower feels like it is burning the area)
• Occasionally, patients may complain of itching sensation rather than pain in the affected
area.
6. Causes:
Mechanical:
• Pregnancy (or any condition that increases abdominal pressure).
• Obesity.
• wearing tight clothing/belts in the waist area.
• different leg lengths.
• pubic symphysis (pelvic girdle) dysfunction.
Metabolic:
• neuropathy (from diabetes).
• hypothyroidism.
• lead poisoning.
Iatrogenic:
• Prolonged traction during spine surgery.
• injury to the nerve during retroperitoneal dissection.
8. Etiology
Reviewing the anatomy of the LFCN is essential for
understanding the mechanism of its injury (see the images
below).
The LFCN originates directly from the lumbar plexus and
has root innervation from L2-3.
The nerve runs through the pelvis along the lateral border of
the psoas muscle to the lateral part of the inguinal ligament.
Here, it passes to the thigh through a tunnel formed by the
lateral attachment of the inguinal ligament and the anterior
superior iliac spine. The crossover into the thigh is the most
common site of entrapment. The crossover typically occurs 1
cm medial to the anterior superior iliac spine; however,
regional variations are common.
10. ● Neurological examination:
sensory testing with pinprick and
light touch should show an area
along the upper outer thigh that has
reduced sensation to these
modalities. There should be a normal
motor examination, negative straight
leg raise test, and no hip/knee joint
abnormality. ’’No Motor
Weakness’’
Physical Examination
11. ● Pelvic Compression:
○ Highly sensitive and the diagnosis can often be made with this test alone.
○ Position: Side-lying with their symptomatic side facing up
○ Steps:.
■ The examiner applies a downward, compression force to the pelvis and
maintains pressure for 45 seconds.
■ If the patient reports an alleviation of symptoms the test is considered positive.
■ The test is based upon the idea that the LCNT is compressed by the inguinal
ligament and a downward force to the innominate will relax the ligament and
temporarily alleviate the patient's symptoms.
Physical Examination
13. Physical Examination
● Neurodynamic Testing :
○ Position: Side-lying with the symptomatic side up and the bottom knee bent.
○ Steps:
■ The examiner stabilizes the pelvis with the cranial hand and grasps the lower
extremity at the knee with the caudal hand.
■ The examiner then bends the knee and adducts the hip in order to tension the
LCNT
■ A positive test would be the reproduction of the patient's neurologic symptoms
versus feeling tension in the soft‐tissue structures of the hip.
15. Electrodiagnosis
● Nerve Conduction Study :
○ Sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV): The normal range for SNCV in the
lateral femoral cutaneous nerve is typically between 40-60 meters/second
(m/s).
○ Sensory nerve action potential (SNAP): The normal amplitude for SNAP in the
lateral femoral cutaneous nerve is typically between 10-30 microvolts (μV).
○ Normal motor nerve conduction: As the LFCN is a purely sensory nerve and
does not supply any muscles, motor nerve conduction studies will typically be
normal in meralgia paresthetica.
it is important to note that, as with most studies, there are limitations to nerve conduction studies
examining the LCNT. One such limitation is that among individuals with increased adipose tissue
which makes this type of study difficult to perform.
16. Electrodiagnosis
● Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Block by Lidocaine :
○ The patient lies on their back, and the injection site is cleaned and numbed with a
local anesthetic. The needle is then inserted near the lateral femoral cutaneous
nerve, and the anesthetic medication e.g: Lidocaine is injected.
17. ● EMG :
The needle EMG study is normal in meralgia paresthetica but
abnormal in characteristic patterns in radiculopathies, femoral
neuropathies, and plexopathies.
Electrodiagnosis
18. Imaging
● Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): This imaging technique can help to identify the cause of nerve
compression, such as a herniated disc or a tumor. In meralgia paresthetica, MRI may show a thickening
or compression of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve as it passes through the inguinal ligament.
● Ultrasound: Ultrasound can be used to visualize the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve and may reveal
compression, thickening, or swelling of the nerve.
● Computed tomography (CT) scan: This imaging technique can help to identify bony abnormalities
that may be causing nerve compression, such as a bone spur or herniated disc.
20. Intervention
Treatment For most people, the symptoms of meralgia paresthetica ease in a few months.
Treatment focuses on relieving nerve compression.
❑ Conservative measures
Wearing looser clothing
Losing excess weight
Taking OTC pain relievers such as acetaminophen (Tylenol, others), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) or
aspirin
❑ Medications:
If symptoms persist for more than two months or your pain is severe, treatment might include :
Corticosteroid injections. Injections can reduce inflammation and temporarily relieve pain. Possible side
effects include joint infection, nerve damage, pain and whitening of skin around the injection site.
21. Physical Therapy Management
❑ Kinesio-Taping :
Small-scale pilot studies assert that Kinesio-Taping must be part of the therapy in patients with
MP. Kinesio-Taping would reduce the symptoms experienced by a patient. The exact physiological
mechanisms are still unknown. This method is hypothesized to help increase lymphatic and vascular
flow, decrease pain, enhance normal muscle function, increase proprioception, and help correct
possible articular malalignments. Despite the hypothesized benefits, the current evidence is insufficient
for MP. Future randomized placebo controlled trials are needed
❑ Acupuncture
The benefits of Acupuncture as an intervention (e.g. needling and cupping) for MP has been shown in
clinical trials. The available literature suggests that acupuncture may be effective in the treatment of
MP. However, the exact physiological mechanisms are still under investigation. Further investigation is
needed
❑ Neurostimulation Techniques
Neurostimulation techniques including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and cortical electrical
stimulation (CES), spinal cord stimulation (SCS) and deep brain stimulation (DBS) have also been found
effective in the treatment of neuropathic pain as MP
22. Physical Therapy Management
❑ Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS or TNS) is effective in the treatment of painful
peripheral neuropathy like MP. It is suggested that TENS activates central mechanisms to provide
analgesia. Low frequency TENS activates μ-opioid receptors in spinal cord and brain stem while high
frequency TENS produces its effect via δ-opioid receptors
❑ Exercise
Exercising for just 30 minutes a day on at least three or four days a week will help you with chronic pain
management by increasing:
❖ Muscle Strength
❖ Endurance
❖ Stability in the joints
❖ Flexibility in the muscles and joints
24. References
● Carai A, Fenu G, Sechi E, Crotti FM, Montella A. Anatomical variability of the lateral femoral cutaneous
nerve: findings from a surgical series. Clin Anat. 2009 Apr. 22(3):365-70.