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Designed by Rebecca Tang Chinese Mental Health Association 2/F Zenith House, 155 Curtain Road London EC2A 3QY Tel 020 7613 1008  Fax 020 7739 6577 Reg. Charity No. 1058934  Company Limited by Guarantee No.3150505 照料者需知 關於精神病   Mental Illnesses
精神分裂症 症狀 : 連續數週出現妄想、幻覺、語言混亂、行為違常、或負性症狀等徵狀,同時社會功能及認知判斷能力明顯受影響。 治療 : 主要為藥物治療,不同的藥物可能會出現不同的副作用。當出現自傷或傷人的危險性時,急性的住院治療是必須的。  預後  ( 註一 ) : 中斷藥物治療往往有極高復發率,一定要配合醫師指示切勿自行停藥。可以與營養師諮商,調整生活作息及注意體重控制,並多參與社區及醫院的復健活動。 抑鬱症 症狀 : 連續兩週持續出現情緒低落或興趣降低,合併食慾改變、情緒激躁或遲緩、注意力不集中、睡眠改變、愧疚感、容易疲勞、反覆出現自殺想法等。 治療 : 抗憂鬱劑須連續服用數週以上才能出現效果,不宜自行停藥,合併心理治療經常可以獲得較好的治療效果。若合併強烈自殺意念,住院治療是必須的。 預後 : 80 %的重鬱症患者會遭遇復發,然而規則的服藥能有效降低復發率。戒除酒精濫用,親友多給予支持鼓勵,關心病患是否出現自殺意念等,能有效幫助患者。 躁鬱症 症狀 : 反覆經歷憂鬱、狂燥兩種極端情緒。躁期會出現自我膨脹、睡眠需求減低、喋喋不休、思考跳躍、注意力不集中等症狀,從事危險活動等行為。 治療 : 臨床上常選用情緒穩定劑、抗精神病藥物來控制躁症症狀,病患另需接受定期抽血檢測,追蹤血中藥物濃度。 預後 : 九成的患者會面臨症狀復發,然而有時第二次的復發可能相隔十年以上。自殺防範,戒除物質濫用也是相當重要。  失智症 (腦退化症) 症狀 : 初期會觀察到病患遺忘剛剛發生的事情,長期記憶在早期則較不受影響。中晚期出現對時間、地點、人無定向感,自我照顧能力下降,情緒不穩,錢財被偷竊妄想等。有時會出現情緒低落等症狀,而與重鬱症重疊。 治療 : 目前有數種藥物可以延緩失智症症狀惡化。急性期醫師也會提供抗精神病藥物治療妄想幻覺等精神症狀。 預後 : 患者經常合併其他生理疾病,照料者要給予自己喘息機會,並適時尋求醫療機構協助! 強迫症   症狀 : 強迫症的症狀五花八門,例如反覆洗手,重複檢查門鎖瓦斯,不斷計數物品擔心遺失等;患者對自我要求完美,嚴重時一天內大多數的時間都在進行強迫行為。有時強迫症也是憂鬱症、精神分裂症的共病之一。 治療 : 常見藥物治療、或合併認知行為治療等。患者也能嘗試學習自我放鬆技巧。 預後 : 嚴重程度可以在患者一生中有高低起伏變化,時常因生活遭逢壓力或巨變而加劇。有時患者因自我要求完美,反而使得病情更形嚴重。  註一 :  預後 :  是患病之後的近期和遠期恢復或進展的程度 . This leaflet briefly discusses the symptoms, treatment and prognosis of 5 mental illnesses, including Schizophrenia, Depression, Manic Depression, Dementia & OCD; contents of which were partly translated and adapted from Carers UK, the Princess Royal Trust & the Wikipedia websites:  http://www.carersuk.org/Home;  http://www.carers.org/; & http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Princess_Royal_Trust_for_Carers.

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Mental illnesses traditional

  • 1. Designed by Rebecca Tang Chinese Mental Health Association 2/F Zenith House, 155 Curtain Road London EC2A 3QY Tel 020 7613 1008 Fax 020 7739 6577 Reg. Charity No. 1058934 Company Limited by Guarantee No.3150505 照料者需知 關於精神病 Mental Illnesses
  • 2. 精神分裂症 症狀 : 連續數週出現妄想、幻覺、語言混亂、行為違常、或負性症狀等徵狀,同時社會功能及認知判斷能力明顯受影響。 治療 : 主要為藥物治療,不同的藥物可能會出現不同的副作用。當出現自傷或傷人的危險性時,急性的住院治療是必須的。 預後 ( 註一 ) : 中斷藥物治療往往有極高復發率,一定要配合醫師指示切勿自行停藥。可以與營養師諮商,調整生活作息及注意體重控制,並多參與社區及醫院的復健活動。 抑鬱症 症狀 : 連續兩週持續出現情緒低落或興趣降低,合併食慾改變、情緒激躁或遲緩、注意力不集中、睡眠改變、愧疚感、容易疲勞、反覆出現自殺想法等。 治療 : 抗憂鬱劑須連續服用數週以上才能出現效果,不宜自行停藥,合併心理治療經常可以獲得較好的治療效果。若合併強烈自殺意念,住院治療是必須的。 預後 : 80 %的重鬱症患者會遭遇復發,然而規則的服藥能有效降低復發率。戒除酒精濫用,親友多給予支持鼓勵,關心病患是否出現自殺意念等,能有效幫助患者。 躁鬱症 症狀 : 反覆經歷憂鬱、狂燥兩種極端情緒。躁期會出現自我膨脹、睡眠需求減低、喋喋不休、思考跳躍、注意力不集中等症狀,從事危險活動等行為。 治療 : 臨床上常選用情緒穩定劑、抗精神病藥物來控制躁症症狀,病患另需接受定期抽血檢測,追蹤血中藥物濃度。 預後 : 九成的患者會面臨症狀復發,然而有時第二次的復發可能相隔十年以上。自殺防範,戒除物質濫用也是相當重要。 失智症 (腦退化症) 症狀 : 初期會觀察到病患遺忘剛剛發生的事情,長期記憶在早期則較不受影響。中晚期出現對時間、地點、人無定向感,自我照顧能力下降,情緒不穩,錢財被偷竊妄想等。有時會出現情緒低落等症狀,而與重鬱症重疊。 治療 : 目前有數種藥物可以延緩失智症症狀惡化。急性期醫師也會提供抗精神病藥物治療妄想幻覺等精神症狀。 預後 : 患者經常合併其他生理疾病,照料者要給予自己喘息機會,並適時尋求醫療機構協助! 強迫症 症狀 : 強迫症的症狀五花八門,例如反覆洗手,重複檢查門鎖瓦斯,不斷計數物品擔心遺失等;患者對自我要求完美,嚴重時一天內大多數的時間都在進行強迫行為。有時強迫症也是憂鬱症、精神分裂症的共病之一。 治療 : 常見藥物治療、或合併認知行為治療等。患者也能嘗試學習自我放鬆技巧。 預後 : 嚴重程度可以在患者一生中有高低起伏變化,時常因生活遭逢壓力或巨變而加劇。有時患者因自我要求完美,反而使得病情更形嚴重。 註一 : 預後 : 是患病之後的近期和遠期恢復或進展的程度 . This leaflet briefly discusses the symptoms, treatment and prognosis of 5 mental illnesses, including Schizophrenia, Depression, Manic Depression, Dementia & OCD; contents of which were partly translated and adapted from Carers UK, the Princess Royal Trust & the Wikipedia websites: http://www.carersuk.org/Home; http://www.carers.org/; & http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Princess_Royal_Trust_for_Carers.