Mental health refers to our emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It affects how we think, feel, and act, and helps determine how we handle stress and relationships. Many factors can contribute to mental health problems, including biological factors, life experiences, family history, and trauma or abuse. Some early warning signs of a mental health problem include changes in sleep, energy, interests, and feelings of worthlessness. Maintaining positive mental health involves getting help if needed, connecting with others, staying positive, and developing coping skills. Stress is the body's response to demands placed on it and can be either positive (eustress) or negative (distress), depending on whether it motivates or causes health problems.

1. Mental
Health
MR. EL JOHN D. GUEVARRA, LPT

2. Health
The word "health" refers to a
state of complete emotional and
physical well-being. Healthcare
exists to help people maintain this
optimal state of health.

3. Mental Health
includes our emotional, psychological,
and social well-being. It affects how we think,
feel, and act. It also helps determine how we
handle stress, relate to others, and make
choices. Mental health is important at every
stage of life, from childhood and adolescence
through adulthood.

4. Over the course of your life, if
you experience mental health
problems, your thinking, mood,
and behavior could be affected.

5. Many factors contribute to mental health
problems, including:
•Biological factors, such as genes or
brain chemistry.

6. Many factors contribute to
mental health problems,
including:
•Life experiences,
such as trauma
or abuse.

8. Many factors contribute
to mental health
problems, including:
Family history of
mental health
problems.

10. Early Warning Signs
Not sure if you or
someone you know
living with mental
health problems?
Experiencing one or
more of the following
feelings or behaviors
can be an early
warning sign of a
problem:

11. •Eating or sleeping too much or too little
•Pulling away from people and usual
activities
•Having low or no energy
•Feeling numb or like nothing matters
•Having unexplained aches and pains
•Feeling helpless or hopeless

12. • Smoking, drinking, or using drugs more than usual
• Feeling unusually confused, forgetful, on edge, angry, upset,
worried, or scared
• Yelling or fighting with family and friends
• Experiencing severe mood swings that cause problems in
relationships
• Having persistent thoughts and memories you can't get out of
your head
• Hearing voices or believing things that are not true
• Thinking of harming yourself or others
• Inability to perform daily tasks like taking care of your kids or
getting to work or school

13. Mental Health andWellness
•Positive mental health allows people to:
•Realize their full potential
•Cope with the stresses of life
•Work productively
•Make meaningful contributions to their
communities
•Ways to maintain positive mental health include:
•Getting professional help if you need it

14. •Connecting with others
•Staying positive
•Getting physically active
•Helping others
•Getting enough sleep
•Developing coping skills

16. STRESS

17. Medical Author: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR
Stress: In a medical or biological context stress is a
physical, mental, or emotional factor that causes
bodily or mental tension. Stresses can be external
(from the environment, psychological, or social
situations) or internal (illness, or from a medical
procedure). Stress can initiate the "fight or flight"
response, a complex reaction of neurologic and
endocrinologic systems.

18. • Stress can cause or influence the course of many medical
conditions including psychological conditions such
as depression and anxiety. Medical problems can include poor
healing, irritable bowel syndrome, high blood pressure, poorly
controlled diabetes and many other conditions. Stress
management is recognized as an effective treatment modality to
include pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic components.

19. TYPES OF STRESSORS
Harry Mills, Ph.D., Natalie Reiss, Ph.D. and Mark
Dombeck, Ph.D.
EUSTRESSVS DISTRESS

20. • We mentioned it earlier and it bears repeating: stress is
not always a bad thing. Stress is simply the body's
response to changes that create taxing demands.The
previously mentioned Dr. Lazarus (building on Dr. Selye's
work) suggested that there is a difference between
eustress, which is a term for positive stress, and distress,
which refers to negative stress. In daily life, we often use
the term "stress" to describe negative situations.This
leads many people to believe that all stress is bad for you,
which is not true.

21. Eustress, or positive stress, has the following
characteristics:
• Motivates, focuses energy
• Is short-term
• Is perceived as within our coping abilities
• Feels exciting
• Improves performance

22. In contrast, Distress, or negative stress, has the
following characteristics:
• Causes anxiety or concern
• Can be short- or long-term
• Is perceived as outside of our coping abilities
• Feels unpleasant
• Decreases performance
• Can lead to mental and physical problems

23. It is somewhat hard to
categorize stressors into
objective lists of those that
cause eustress and those that
cause distress, because
different people will have
different reactions to particular
situations. However, by
generalizing, we can compile a
list of stressors that are
typically experienced as
negative or positive to most
people, most of the time.

24. Examples of negative personal stressors include:
• The death of a spouse
• Filing for divorce
• Losing contact with loved ones
• The death of a family member
• Hospitalization (oneself or a family member)
• Injury or illness (oneself or a family member)
• Being abused or neglected

25. • Separation from a spouse or committed relationship partner
• Conflict in interpersonal relationships
• Bankruptcy/Money Problems
• Unemployment
• Sleep problems
• Children's problems at school
• Legal problems

26. Examples of positive personal stressors include:
• Receiving a promotion or raise at work
• Starting a new job
• Marriage
• Buying a home
• Having a child
• Moving
• Taking a vacation
• Holiday seasons
• Retiring
• Taking educational classes or learning a new hobby

27. Work and employment concerns such as those
listed below are also frequent causes of distress:
• Excessive job demands
• Job insecurity
• Conflicts with teammates and supervisors
• Inadequate authority necessary to carry out tasks
• Lack of training necessary to do the job
• Making presentations in front of colleagues or clients
• Unproductive and time-consuming meetings
• Commuting and travel schedules

28. Stressors are not always limited to situations
where some external situation is creating a
problem. Internal events such as feelings and
thoughts and habitual behaviors can also cause
negative stress.
• Fears: (e.g., fears of flying, heights, public speaking, chatting with
strangers at a party)
• RepetitiveThought Patterns:
• Worrying about future events (e.g., waiting for medical test results
or job restructuring)
• Unrealistic, perfectionist expectations

29. Habitual behavior patterns that can lead to stress
include:
• Overscheduling
• Failing to be assertive
• Procrastination and/or failing to plan ahead