Medicine.Myelodysplastic syn.(dr.sabir)
•Download as PPT, PDF•
1 like•551 views
Report
Share
Report
Share
![[object Object]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/myelodysplasticsyn-111217102338-phpapp02/85/Medicine-Myelodysplastic-syn-dr-sabir-1-320.jpg)
![The Myelodysplastic Syndromes Overview ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
Medicine 5th year, 5th lecture/part two (Dr. Abdulla Sharief)
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and peripheral cytopenias. The natural history ranges from indolent forms lasting years to rapid evolution to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). MDS is classified by the French-American-British (FAB) system and World Health Organization (WHO) based on blast percentage and cytogenetic features. The International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) further stratifies patients by risk of progression or death. Known molecular abnormalities include mutations in genes such as TP53, RAS, and FMS.
Mielodisplasia
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of clonal stem cell disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and peripheral cytopenias. MDS often affects older patients and can progress to acute leukemia. The pathophysiology involves initiating lesions in stem cells that give rise to clones with mutations promoting additional genetic changes and ineffective hematopoiesis. Clinical features include cytopenias and dysplastic changes in the bone marrow. MDS is classified according to the French-American-British system based on peripheral blood and bone marrow findings. Prognosis is assessed using the International Prognostic Scoring System. Treatment options include supportive care, stem cell transplantation, cytokine therapy, chemotherapy, and immunosuppression
Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Red Cell Transfusion
Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Red Cell Transfusion Presentation by Pr. David Bowen, St James’s Institute of Oncology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, UK
Refractory anemia case report mds
A case report of MDS presenting as refractory anemia, followed by overview of treatment of MDS and comparison of hypomethylating agents (HMAs)
Mds
Myelodisplastic syndrome
amirhossein heydarian
Iran- shahid beheshti medical university
www.amirhossein.heydarian@yahoo.com
Myelodysplastic Syndrome
By Doctor Okto. Vivid decription on Introduction, classification, diagnosis, management, complications of Myelodysplastic syndrome.
Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Myelodysplastic syndrome is a disorder where stem cells in the bone marrow do not mature normally, resulting in reduced numbers of one or more types of blood cells. It most commonly arises in two settings - idiopathic MDS in those over 50 years old, or therapy-related MDS in patients who received previous chemotherapy or radiation treatment. Common symptoms include fatigue and increased risk of infection due to low blood cell counts. Prognosis depends on the percentage of immature blood cells in the bone marrow, with higher percentages associated with greater risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia and shorter survival times.
Myelodysplastic syndrome by dr narmada
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of bone marrow disorders characterized by ineffective blood cell production and shortages of normal blood cells. In MDS, the bone marrow cannot produce mature and fully functional blood cells. This leads to low blood cell counts and symptoms like anemia, fatigue, and infections. MDS has several subtypes classified by the FAB system based on blood cell dysplasia and percentage of blasts in the bone marrow, with some subtypes having a higher risk of progression to acute leukemia. Chromosomal abnormalities are common in MDS and help determine prognosis.
Recommended
Medicine 5th year, 5th lecture/part two (Dr. Abdulla Sharief)
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and peripheral cytopenias. The natural history ranges from indolent forms lasting years to rapid evolution to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). MDS is classified by the French-American-British (FAB) system and World Health Organization (WHO) based on blast percentage and cytogenetic features. The International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) further stratifies patients by risk of progression or death. Known molecular abnormalities include mutations in genes such as TP53, RAS, and FMS.
Mielodisplasia
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of clonal stem cell disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and peripheral cytopenias. MDS often affects older patients and can progress to acute leukemia. The pathophysiology involves initiating lesions in stem cells that give rise to clones with mutations promoting additional genetic changes and ineffective hematopoiesis. Clinical features include cytopenias and dysplastic changes in the bone marrow. MDS is classified according to the French-American-British system based on peripheral blood and bone marrow findings. Prognosis is assessed using the International Prognostic Scoring System. Treatment options include supportive care, stem cell transplantation, cytokine therapy, chemotherapy, and immunosuppression
Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Red Cell Transfusion
Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Red Cell Transfusion Presentation by Pr. David Bowen, St James’s Institute of Oncology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, UK
Refractory anemia case report mds
A case report of MDS presenting as refractory anemia, followed by overview of treatment of MDS and comparison of hypomethylating agents (HMAs)
Mds
Myelodisplastic syndrome
amirhossein heydarian
Iran- shahid beheshti medical university
www.amirhossein.heydarian@yahoo.com
Myelodysplastic Syndrome
By Doctor Okto. Vivid decription on Introduction, classification, diagnosis, management, complications of Myelodysplastic syndrome.
Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Myelodysplastic syndrome is a disorder where stem cells in the bone marrow do not mature normally, resulting in reduced numbers of one or more types of blood cells. It most commonly arises in two settings - idiopathic MDS in those over 50 years old, or therapy-related MDS in patients who received previous chemotherapy or radiation treatment. Common symptoms include fatigue and increased risk of infection due to low blood cell counts. Prognosis depends on the percentage of immature blood cells in the bone marrow, with higher percentages associated with greater risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia and shorter survival times.
Myelodysplastic syndrome by dr narmada
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of bone marrow disorders characterized by ineffective blood cell production and shortages of normal blood cells. In MDS, the bone marrow cannot produce mature and fully functional blood cells. This leads to low blood cell counts and symptoms like anemia, fatigue, and infections. MDS has several subtypes classified by the FAB system based on blood cell dysplasia and percentage of blasts in the bone marrow, with some subtypes having a higher risk of progression to acute leukemia. Chromosomal abnormalities are common in MDS and help determine prognosis.
Development
This document discusses child development from birth through adolescence. It covers the major areas of development - gross motor, fine motor, language, social/emotional - and provides typical milestones for various age groups like sitting up alone by 6 months and walking by 12-15 months. The document also mentions tools for assessing development like the Denver Developmental Screening Test and discusses prolonged development during school age and the biological, psychological, and social changes of adolescence.
Electrocardiographymain
This document discusses the vectorial approach to electrocardiography (ECG) interpretation. It explains that the vectorial approach views the standard ECG as representing three-dimensional vector forces over time, whereas a standard ECG shows only magnitude. By combining data from different ECG leads, one can derive information about the direction of forces. It also discusses how to interpret information about the frontal plane from limb leads and the horizontal plane from precordial leads, including the orientation and meaning of waves in each lead. Finally, it notes that ECGs differ between infants/children and adults due to anatomical differences, with infants typically showing right ventricular dominance.
Immunization2
The document discusses several vaccines including BCG, DTP, polio, Hib, MMR, rotavirus, varicella, hepatitis A, and pneumococcal. It provides information on the nature of the vaccines, indications for use, efficacy, administration schedule and route, storage requirements, adverse reactions and contraindications. Specific details are given for dosage, intervals between doses, age for administration and booster schedules for many of the vaccines.
Gyne,obst slides
The document contains medical terminology related to gynecology and obstetrics procedures, diagnoses, and conditions. Terms include descriptions of stages of labor, perineal injuries, reproductive anatomy, cysts, cancers, pregnancies, fertility treatments, versions, syndromes, and more. The document provides a list of brief medical terms and descriptions related to women's health and childbirth.
Catch up vaccine
1) The document provides immunization recommendations for children and teens from birth through 18 years of age. It outlines the recommended vaccines, dosing schedules, catch-up schedules, and contraindications.
2) Key recommended vaccines include hepatitis B, DTaP, polio, influenza, varicella, MMR, and Hib. The schedules provide the ages for routine administration, number of doses, minimum intervals between doses, and other guidance.
3) The document also lists contraindications and precautions for each vaccine, such as previous allergic reactions, immunosuppression, or moderate to severe acute illness. It aims to help healthcare providers appropriately immunize children and teens on time.
Assessment examination1
The document outlines an assessment examination for OBGYN consisting of 7 rooms evaluating various skills. Room 1 involves taking a history from a pregnant patient with vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain. Room 2 examines skills and findings from examining a patient after a normal vaginal delivery. Room 3 involves multiple choice questions about uterine sounds, speculums, oxytocin, curettes, and hysterosalpingograms. Room 4 presents an emergency preeclampsia case to diagnose, manage, and plan a delivery for. Room 5 involves analyzing a partogram to diagnose failure to progress labor and determine management. Room 6 presents an emergency ectopic pregnancy case to diagnose and manage. Room 7 involves identifying indications for various clinical presentations and procedures from
Assessment examination
The document outlines an assessment examination for pediatrics consisting of 11 rooms. In each room, students will demonstrate skills in history taking, physical examinations including respiratory, abdominal, and cardiovascular, interpret various tests and x-rays, diagnose conditions like iron-deficiency anemia, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, diaphragmatic hernia and recurrent aphthous ulcers. Students will also assess developmental age, recommend catch-up vaccinations, and identify clinical tools like pulse oximetry, intravenous fluids, and nebulizers along with their uses.
Medications
This document summarizes information on several drugs used to treat gynecological conditions. It describes the components, mechanisms of action, usages, dosages and side effects of drugs like Mirena (intrauterine device), Yasmin (oral contraceptive), Primolut (progesterone), Depo Provera (contraceptive injection), and drugs used for fertility treatments, menstrual disorders, pre-eclampsia and postpartum hemorrhage.
Hysterosalpingography
This document provides information on hysterosalpingography (HSG) procedures, including equipment used, indications, contraindications, timing, normal findings, and various abnormal findings. It lists conditions that can be evaluated with HSG such as infertility, congenital uterine anomalies, recurrent miscarriage, abnormal bleeding, and uterine masses. Potential risks including pain, bleeding, infection, and allergic reaction are noted. Images demonstrate normal uterine anatomy and various uterine anomalies detectable on HSG.
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيمAph
This document summarizes antepartum hemorrhage (APH), defined as bleeding in the third trimester between 24 weeks of pregnancy until delivery. Placenta previa, where the placenta covers all or part of the cervical os, is a major cause of APH, accounting for 30% of cases. Ultrasound is used to diagnose and grade placenta previa. Management depends on gestational age and bleeding severity, and may involve bed rest, blood transfusions, or caesarean section which is usually required for complete placenta previa. Complications of placenta previa include preterm birth, malpresentation, postpartum hemorrhage, and in rare cases
Ectopic pregnancy
This document provides information on ectopic pregnancy, including:
1. Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tubes.
2. Risk factors include STIs, IUD use, infertility history, smoking, and assisted reproduction.
3. Symptoms can include abdominal/pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding, and in severe cases, hypovolemic shock from rupture. Diagnosis involves ultrasound and beta-hCG levels.
4. Treatment options are expectant management, surgery (laparoscopy or laparotomy), or medical management with methotrexate depending on factors like size and symptoms. The goal is to preserve
Gestational trophoblastic disease 2
This document defines gestational trophoblastic disease and describes the pathological classification and genetic features of complete and partial hydatidiform moles. It also discusses the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and follow up of molar pregnancies. The main treatment is surgical evacuation, followed by careful monitoring of hCG levels to detect persistent trophoblastic tissue which may develop into invasive mole or choriocarcinoma in about 10% of cases. Close follow up for years after evacuation is important to identify and treat malignant cases early through chemotherapy.
Disfunctional uterine bleeding.gynaecology
Menstrual disorders are common reasons for women to see their doctor. They include menorrhagia (excessive bleeding), dysmenorrhea (painful periods), and amenorrhea/oligomenorrhea (absent or infrequent periods). Menorrhagia is defined as blood loss over 80ml and affects around 5% of women annually. It can be caused by pelvic issues, systemic diseases, or dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Treatment involves addressing the underlying cause, using medications like NSAIDs or hormonal drugs, or pursuing surgical options like endometrial ablation or hysterectomy if medications fail. A thorough history, examination, and testing are required to diagnose the cause and properly manage menorrhagia.
anaestheisa
Oxygen therapy is indicated for patients with low blood oxygen levels and is commonly provided after surgery. Supplemental oxygen can be administered through a nasal cannula, which provides oxygen through prongs in the nose and is comfortable for patients. The amount of oxygen received depends on factors like flow rate and breathing. A flow of 6L/min provides about 44% inhaled oxygen. Different types of face masks provide varying oxygen concentrations depending on their design and flow rates, such as whether they include reservoirs or valves. Air-entrainment masks use the Venturi effect to mix oxygen and room air for stable oxygen levels.
meidicine. first seizure.(dr.muhamad tahir)
This document discusses the management of a first seizure. It defines seizures and classifies them as generalized or partial. Common causes of first seizures include idiopathic, infections, tumors, and strokes. Management involves documenting the seizure history, examining the patient, checking glucose and other basic labs, observing the patient, and providing advice about seizure precautions and follow up. Recurrence is common within 6 months, especially for symptomatic causes or those with abnormal EEGs or family history of epilepsy.
medicine.Poisoningbyspecificdrugs.(dr.shaikhani)
1. Paracetamol toxicity results from formation of a reactive metabolite that binds to cellular proteins, causing cell death and hepatic or renal failure. Acetylcysteine replenishes glutathione stores and is highly effective if given within 8 hours of overdose.
2. Salicylate poisoning causes respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, and organ damage. Treatment involves correcting dehydration and acidosis with sodium bicarbonate. Hemodialysis is effective for removing salicylates from the body.
3. Tricyclic antidepressant overdose can cause arrhythmias, hypotension, and seizures due to sodium channel blockade. Treatment involves sodium bicarbonate to correct
medicine.Coma managment.(dr.muhamad tahir)
1. The document discusses various levels of impaired consciousness ranging from confusion to coma and defines them. It also describes the anatomy of the reticular activating system and two patterns of coma - diffuse cerebral injury or focal brainstem injury.
2. Specific causes of diffuse cerebral injury or focal brainstem injury that can lead to coma are provided. Evaluation of a comatose patient involves assessing level of consciousness, brainstem reflexes, and determining if focal neurological signs are present.
3. Management may involve giving thiamine, dextrose, naloxone and flumazenil in cases of diffuse injury without a known cause. For focal injuries, neuroimaging is important to identify structural
medicine.CRF2.(dr.kawa)
Chronic renal failure refers to the irreversible deterioration of renal function over years. It initially presents as biochemical abnormalities and eventually leads to uraemic symptoms as the excretory, metabolic and endocrine functions of the kidneys fail. Common causes include diabetes, hypertension, and glomerulonephritis. Management involves identifying and treating the underlying disease, slowing progression, managing complications, and renal replacement therapy for end-stage disease.
medicine.Age and aging lecture 1.(dr.aso)
This document discusses geriatric medicine and the aging population. It notes that the elderly population is growing significantly both in developed and developing countries. Physiological changes that occur with aging can impact multiple body systems and lead to atypical disease presentation and an increased risk of adverse drug reactions. A comprehensive geriatric assessment considers medical, psychological, functional, social and environmental factors when evaluating elderly patients.
medicine.Vasculitis 2.(dr.kawa)
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a clinical syndrome characterized by muscle pain and stiffness affecting the neck, shoulders, and hips that is associated with an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate. It predominantly affects those over age 50 and women are more commonly affected than men. Treatment involves corticosteroids which provide rapid relief of symptoms for most patients. Tapering of steroids over 12-18 months is usually needed.
Hemodialysis: Chapter 6, Hemodialysis Adequacy and Dose - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/RvdYsTzgQq8
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/ECILGWtgZko
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
Fallopian tube blockage may cause female infertility. For treatment, herbal medicine Fuyan Pill can be a solution.
More Related Content
More from student
Development
This document discusses child development from birth through adolescence. It covers the major areas of development - gross motor, fine motor, language, social/emotional - and provides typical milestones for various age groups like sitting up alone by 6 months and walking by 12-15 months. The document also mentions tools for assessing development like the Denver Developmental Screening Test and discusses prolonged development during school age and the biological, psychological, and social changes of adolescence.
Electrocardiographymain
This document discusses the vectorial approach to electrocardiography (ECG) interpretation. It explains that the vectorial approach views the standard ECG as representing three-dimensional vector forces over time, whereas a standard ECG shows only magnitude. By combining data from different ECG leads, one can derive information about the direction of forces. It also discusses how to interpret information about the frontal plane from limb leads and the horizontal plane from precordial leads, including the orientation and meaning of waves in each lead. Finally, it notes that ECGs differ between infants/children and adults due to anatomical differences, with infants typically showing right ventricular dominance.
Immunization2
The document discusses several vaccines including BCG, DTP, polio, Hib, MMR, rotavirus, varicella, hepatitis A, and pneumococcal. It provides information on the nature of the vaccines, indications for use, efficacy, administration schedule and route, storage requirements, adverse reactions and contraindications. Specific details are given for dosage, intervals between doses, age for administration and booster schedules for many of the vaccines.
Gyne,obst slides
The document contains medical terminology related to gynecology and obstetrics procedures, diagnoses, and conditions. Terms include descriptions of stages of labor, perineal injuries, reproductive anatomy, cysts, cancers, pregnancies, fertility treatments, versions, syndromes, and more. The document provides a list of brief medical terms and descriptions related to women's health and childbirth.
Catch up vaccine
1) The document provides immunization recommendations for children and teens from birth through 18 years of age. It outlines the recommended vaccines, dosing schedules, catch-up schedules, and contraindications.
2) Key recommended vaccines include hepatitis B, DTaP, polio, influenza, varicella, MMR, and Hib. The schedules provide the ages for routine administration, number of doses, minimum intervals between doses, and other guidance.
3) The document also lists contraindications and precautions for each vaccine, such as previous allergic reactions, immunosuppression, or moderate to severe acute illness. It aims to help healthcare providers appropriately immunize children and teens on time.
Assessment examination1
The document outlines an assessment examination for OBGYN consisting of 7 rooms evaluating various skills. Room 1 involves taking a history from a pregnant patient with vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain. Room 2 examines skills and findings from examining a patient after a normal vaginal delivery. Room 3 involves multiple choice questions about uterine sounds, speculums, oxytocin, curettes, and hysterosalpingograms. Room 4 presents an emergency preeclampsia case to diagnose, manage, and plan a delivery for. Room 5 involves analyzing a partogram to diagnose failure to progress labor and determine management. Room 6 presents an emergency ectopic pregnancy case to diagnose and manage. Room 7 involves identifying indications for various clinical presentations and procedures from
Assessment examination
The document outlines an assessment examination for pediatrics consisting of 11 rooms. In each room, students will demonstrate skills in history taking, physical examinations including respiratory, abdominal, and cardiovascular, interpret various tests and x-rays, diagnose conditions like iron-deficiency anemia, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, diaphragmatic hernia and recurrent aphthous ulcers. Students will also assess developmental age, recommend catch-up vaccinations, and identify clinical tools like pulse oximetry, intravenous fluids, and nebulizers along with their uses.
Medications
This document summarizes information on several drugs used to treat gynecological conditions. It describes the components, mechanisms of action, usages, dosages and side effects of drugs like Mirena (intrauterine device), Yasmin (oral contraceptive), Primolut (progesterone), Depo Provera (contraceptive injection), and drugs used for fertility treatments, menstrual disorders, pre-eclampsia and postpartum hemorrhage.
Hysterosalpingography
This document provides information on hysterosalpingography (HSG) procedures, including equipment used, indications, contraindications, timing, normal findings, and various abnormal findings. It lists conditions that can be evaluated with HSG such as infertility, congenital uterine anomalies, recurrent miscarriage, abnormal bleeding, and uterine masses. Potential risks including pain, bleeding, infection, and allergic reaction are noted. Images demonstrate normal uterine anatomy and various uterine anomalies detectable on HSG.
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيمAph
This document summarizes antepartum hemorrhage (APH), defined as bleeding in the third trimester between 24 weeks of pregnancy until delivery. Placenta previa, where the placenta covers all or part of the cervical os, is a major cause of APH, accounting for 30% of cases. Ultrasound is used to diagnose and grade placenta previa. Management depends on gestational age and bleeding severity, and may involve bed rest, blood transfusions, or caesarean section which is usually required for complete placenta previa. Complications of placenta previa include preterm birth, malpresentation, postpartum hemorrhage, and in rare cases
Ectopic pregnancy
This document provides information on ectopic pregnancy, including:
1. Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tubes.
2. Risk factors include STIs, IUD use, infertility history, smoking, and assisted reproduction.
3. Symptoms can include abdominal/pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding, and in severe cases, hypovolemic shock from rupture. Diagnosis involves ultrasound and beta-hCG levels.
4. Treatment options are expectant management, surgery (laparoscopy or laparotomy), or medical management with methotrexate depending on factors like size and symptoms. The goal is to preserve
Gestational trophoblastic disease 2
This document defines gestational trophoblastic disease and describes the pathological classification and genetic features of complete and partial hydatidiform moles. It also discusses the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and follow up of molar pregnancies. The main treatment is surgical evacuation, followed by careful monitoring of hCG levels to detect persistent trophoblastic tissue which may develop into invasive mole or choriocarcinoma in about 10% of cases. Close follow up for years after evacuation is important to identify and treat malignant cases early through chemotherapy.
Disfunctional uterine bleeding.gynaecology
Menstrual disorders are common reasons for women to see their doctor. They include menorrhagia (excessive bleeding), dysmenorrhea (painful periods), and amenorrhea/oligomenorrhea (absent or infrequent periods). Menorrhagia is defined as blood loss over 80ml and affects around 5% of women annually. It can be caused by pelvic issues, systemic diseases, or dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Treatment involves addressing the underlying cause, using medications like NSAIDs or hormonal drugs, or pursuing surgical options like endometrial ablation or hysterectomy if medications fail. A thorough history, examination, and testing are required to diagnose the cause and properly manage menorrhagia.
anaestheisa
Oxygen therapy is indicated for patients with low blood oxygen levels and is commonly provided after surgery. Supplemental oxygen can be administered through a nasal cannula, which provides oxygen through prongs in the nose and is comfortable for patients. The amount of oxygen received depends on factors like flow rate and breathing. A flow of 6L/min provides about 44% inhaled oxygen. Different types of face masks provide varying oxygen concentrations depending on their design and flow rates, such as whether they include reservoirs or valves. Air-entrainment masks use the Venturi effect to mix oxygen and room air for stable oxygen levels.
meidicine. first seizure.(dr.muhamad tahir)
This document discusses the management of a first seizure. It defines seizures and classifies them as generalized or partial. Common causes of first seizures include idiopathic, infections, tumors, and strokes. Management involves documenting the seizure history, examining the patient, checking glucose and other basic labs, observing the patient, and providing advice about seizure precautions and follow up. Recurrence is common within 6 months, especially for symptomatic causes or those with abnormal EEGs or family history of epilepsy.
medicine.Poisoningbyspecificdrugs.(dr.shaikhani)
1. Paracetamol toxicity results from formation of a reactive metabolite that binds to cellular proteins, causing cell death and hepatic or renal failure. Acetylcysteine replenishes glutathione stores and is highly effective if given within 8 hours of overdose.
2. Salicylate poisoning causes respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, and organ damage. Treatment involves correcting dehydration and acidosis with sodium bicarbonate. Hemodialysis is effective for removing salicylates from the body.
3. Tricyclic antidepressant overdose can cause arrhythmias, hypotension, and seizures due to sodium channel blockade. Treatment involves sodium bicarbonate to correct
medicine.Coma managment.(dr.muhamad tahir)
1. The document discusses various levels of impaired consciousness ranging from confusion to coma and defines them. It also describes the anatomy of the reticular activating system and two patterns of coma - diffuse cerebral injury or focal brainstem injury.
2. Specific causes of diffuse cerebral injury or focal brainstem injury that can lead to coma are provided. Evaluation of a comatose patient involves assessing level of consciousness, brainstem reflexes, and determining if focal neurological signs are present.
3. Management may involve giving thiamine, dextrose, naloxone and flumazenil in cases of diffuse injury without a known cause. For focal injuries, neuroimaging is important to identify structural
medicine.CRF2.(dr.kawa)
Chronic renal failure refers to the irreversible deterioration of renal function over years. It initially presents as biochemical abnormalities and eventually leads to uraemic symptoms as the excretory, metabolic and endocrine functions of the kidneys fail. Common causes include diabetes, hypertension, and glomerulonephritis. Management involves identifying and treating the underlying disease, slowing progression, managing complications, and renal replacement therapy for end-stage disease.
medicine.Age and aging lecture 1.(dr.aso)
This document discusses geriatric medicine and the aging population. It notes that the elderly population is growing significantly both in developed and developing countries. Physiological changes that occur with aging can impact multiple body systems and lead to atypical disease presentation and an increased risk of adverse drug reactions. A comprehensive geriatric assessment considers medical, psychological, functional, social and environmental factors when evaluating elderly patients.
medicine.Vasculitis 2.(dr.kawa)
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a clinical syndrome characterized by muscle pain and stiffness affecting the neck, shoulders, and hips that is associated with an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate. It predominantly affects those over age 50 and women are more commonly affected than men. Treatment involves corticosteroids which provide rapid relief of symptoms for most patients. Tapering of steroids over 12-18 months is usually needed.
More from student (20)
Recently uploaded
Hemodialysis: Chapter 6, Hemodialysis Adequacy and Dose - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/RvdYsTzgQq8
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/ECILGWtgZko
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
Fallopian tube blockage may cause female infertility. For treatment, herbal medicine Fuyan Pill can be a solution.
Call Girls Lucknow 9024918724 Vip Call Girls Lucknow
Call Girls Lucknow 9024918724 Vip Call Girls Lucknow
RESPIRATORY DISEASES by bhavya kelavadiya
The Children are very vulnerable to get affected with respiratory disease.
In our country, the respiratory Disease conditions are consider as major cause for mortality and Morbidity in Child.
Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
This quiz was conducted as a promotional event for the 2024 Annual Meet of Kerala Chapter of API.
More than 20 participants took part everyday !
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7
Unit 4: MRA 103T Regulatory affairs
This guideline is directed principally toward new Molecular Entities that are
likely to have significant use in the elderly, either because the disease intended
to be treated is characteristically a disease of aging ( e.g., Alzheimer's disease) or
because the population to be treated is known to include substantial numbers of
geriatric patients (e.g., hypertension).
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)
Statistics- Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting numerical data to assist in making more effective decisions.
A statistics is a measure which is used to estimate the population parameter
Parameters-It is used to describe the properties of an entire population.
Examples-Measures of central tendency Dispersion, Variance, Standard Deviation (SD), Absolute Error, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Eigen Value
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Challenges associated with ageing from a public health perspective
Gene Expression System-viral gene delivery Mpharm(Pharamaceutics)
Gene therapy can be broadly defined as the transfer of genetic material to cure a disease or at least to improve the clinical status of a patient.
One of the basic concepts of gene therapy is to transform viruses into genetic shuttles, which will deliver the gene of interest into the target cells.
Safe methods have been devised to do this, using several viral and non-viral vectors.
In the future, this technique may allow doctors to treat a disorder by inserting a gene into a patient's cells instead of using drugs or surgery.
The biggest hurdle faced by medical research in gene therapy is the availability of effective gene-carrying vectors that meet all of the following criteria:
Protection of transgene or genetic cargo from degradative action of systemic and endonucleases,
Delivery of genetic material to the target site, i.e., either cell cytoplasm or nucleus,
Low potential of triggering unwanted immune responses or genotoxicity,
Economical and feasible availability for patients .
Viruses are naturally evolved vehicles that efficiently transfer their genes into host cells.
Choice of viral vector is dependent on gene transfer efficiency, capacity to carry foreign genes, toxicity, stability, immune responses towards viral antigens and potential viral recombination.
There are a wide variety of vectors used to deliver DNA or oligo nucleotides into mammalian cells, either in vitro or in vivo.
The most common vector system based on retroviruses, adenoviruses, herpes simplex viruses, adeno associated viruses.
Patellar Instability: Diagnosis Management
Pictorial and detailed description of patellar instability with sign and symptoms and how to diagnose , what investigations you should go with and how to approach with treatment options . I have presented this slide in my 2nd year junior residency in orthopedics at LLRM medical college Meerut and got good reviews for it
After getting it read you will definitely understand the topic.
Nutritional deficiency disorder in Child
Nutritional deficiency Disorder are problems in india.
It is very important to learn about Indian child's nutritional parameters as well the Disease related to alteration in their Nutrition.
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Pharmacology of Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes and Leukotrienes
This presentation gives information on the pharmacology of Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes and Leukotrienes i.e. Eicosanoids. Eicosanoids are signaling molecules derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids like arachidonic acid. They are involved in complex control over inflammation, immunity, and the central nervous system. Eicosanoids are synthesized through the enzymatic oxidation of fatty acids by cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes. They have short half-lives and act locally through autocrine and paracrine signaling.
Full Handwritten notes of RA by Ayush Kumar M pharm - Al ameen college of pha...
Full Handwritten notes of RA by Ayush Kumar M pharm - Al ameen college of pha...ayushrajshrivastava7
Regulatory Affairs
Full hand written notes
M.pharm - 1st year .District Residency Programme (DRP) for PGs in India.pptx
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PG in India
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapy
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Montreal Expanding the medical model to embrace the humanities. Link: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/-psychiatry-and-the-humanities-an-innovative-course-at-the-university-of-montrealacne vulgaris -Mpharm (2nd semester) Cosmetics and cosmeceuticals
cosmetics and cosmeceuticals
Muskan
mpharm
2nd semester
Guru Gobind Singh college of pharmacy, yamunanagar, haryana
Recently uploaded (20)
Hemodialysis: Chapter 6, Hemodialysis Adequacy and Dose - Dr.Gawad
Hemodialysis: Chapter 6, Hemodialysis Adequacy and Dose - Dr.Gawad
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
Call Girls Lucknow 9024918724 Vip Call Girls Lucknow
Call Girls Lucknow 9024918724 Vip Call Girls Lucknow
Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Gene Expression System-viral gene delivery Mpharm(Pharamaceutics)
Gene Expression System-viral gene delivery Mpharm(Pharamaceutics)
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
Pharmacology of Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes and Leukotrienes
Pharmacology of Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes and Leukotrienes
Full Handwritten notes of RA by Ayush Kumar M pharm - Al ameen college of pha...
Full Handwritten notes of RA by Ayush Kumar M pharm - Al ameen college of pha...
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PGs in India.pptx
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PGs in India.pptx
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...
acne vulgaris -Mpharm (2nd semester) Cosmetics and cosmeceuticals
acne vulgaris -Mpharm (2nd semester) Cosmetics and cosmeceuticals
Tele Optometry (kunj'sppt) / Basics of tele optometry.
Tele Optometry (kunj'sppt) / Basics of tele optometry.