The document provides an overview of media relations and the role of media in society. It discusses three key points:
1. Media are not just machines for information and entertainment, but also play an important role in shaping public opinion and binding communities.
2. Throughout history, media have evolved from face-to-face communication to today's digital landscape. Mass media became dominant in the Industrial Revolution while the Information Revolution brought about de-massified and global media.
3. Media serve important functions like informing, educating, and setting public agendas, while also acting as a watchdog for democracy and facilitating public participation. Their role in development communication through projects is also highlighted.
The document discusses the importance of mass media. It notes that mass media plays an important role in people's lives by informing them about events in the world and providing opportunities for education and entertainment. However, mass media also influences how people see the world and shape their views. The main types of mass media discussed are print media, electronic media, and interactive media such as radio, television, newspapers, magazines, and the internet. The document outlines the functions of mass media as informing, educating, and entertaining people. It also discusses the advantages and impacts of different types of mass media such as television and radio.
The document discusses the changing landscape of print media in the knowledge economy era. It describes how print media is becoming faster, cheaper, easier to use, smaller, and more powerful. It also discusses different generations and how their characteristics affect media consumption. New technologies like e-books, digital textbooks, and print-on-demand are transforming the publishing industry and challenging traditional business models.
Mass media refers to diverse communication technologies used to reach large audiences through mass communication. This includes broadcast media like radio, TV, and films, as well as print media like newspapers and books. Mass media plays an important role in modern societies by informing the public, influencing culture and identity, and acting as the fourth estate to hold power accountable. However, mass media is also subject to the influences and biases of its owners and funders. Theories debate the extent to which mass media reflects elite interests versus allowing for more active interpretation by audiences. Overall, mass media has become deeply integrated into modern life and plays a complex role in both reflecting and shaping society.
The document discusses different types of media including mass media. It defines mass media as communication designed to reach a large audience like the population of a nation. The document then covers various types of mass media such as print media, electronic media, interactive media, and new media. It provides details on television, radio, newspapers, magazines, and new technologies like the internet, smartphones, and social media. The focus is on how these various media types are used for mass communication and information sharing.
Mass media has a significant influence on society through the information and communication it provides. It shapes peoples' decisions, beliefs, and values, as most knowledge comes from media sources rather than direct experience. While media is an authority people trust for news, entertainment, and education, its influence on children, teens, and society can be substantial and should be understood considering how skillfully it can falsify facts or push certain agendas. Understanding how media influence works is important to think critically about the information people receive.
This document discusses mass communication and its role in society. It describes mass communication as focusing on the content of information disseminated to a diverse audience through various media, unlike interpersonal communication which has a single source. The major fields of mass communication are outlined as journalism, broadcasting, advertising, and public relations. The objectives and functions of mass communication are also summarized, including to inform, raise public opinion, entertain, and act as gatekeepers. The document emphasizes that mass communication plays a fundamental role in society by influencing politics, social issues, education, and more.
This document discusses the pervasiveness of mass media in modern society. It notes that the average person now spends more time engaging with mass media than without it. There are eight main types of mass media businesses: books, newspapers, internet, television, radio, movies, recordings, and magazines. The document also outlines the three main forms of communication: intrapersonal, interpersonal, and mass communication. Finally, it discusses some of the motives behind American media such as fulfilling public interests and needs, spreading culture, influencing governance, and entertaining people.
The document discusses the key components and process of mass communication. It defines mass as a large, heterogeneous, and anonymous audience. Mass communication involves senders transmitting messages through mass media channels like newspapers, TV, and radio to a large audience of receivers. The linear model of mass communication includes senders, messages, channels, receivers, and potential for feedback. Mass media plays an important role in society by influencing public opinion and individuals.
The document discusses the importance of mass media. It notes that mass media plays an important role in people's lives by informing them about events in the world and providing opportunities for education and entertainment. However, mass media also influences how people see the world and shape their views. The main types of mass media discussed are print media, electronic media, and interactive media such as radio, television, newspapers, magazines, and the internet. The document outlines the functions of mass media as informing, educating, and entertaining people. It also discusses the advantages and impacts of different types of mass media such as television and radio.
The document discusses the changing landscape of print media in the knowledge economy era. It describes how print media is becoming faster, cheaper, easier to use, smaller, and more powerful. It also discusses different generations and how their characteristics affect media consumption. New technologies like e-books, digital textbooks, and print-on-demand are transforming the publishing industry and challenging traditional business models.
Mass media refers to diverse communication technologies used to reach large audiences through mass communication. This includes broadcast media like radio, TV, and films, as well as print media like newspapers and books. Mass media plays an important role in modern societies by informing the public, influencing culture and identity, and acting as the fourth estate to hold power accountable. However, mass media is also subject to the influences and biases of its owners and funders. Theories debate the extent to which mass media reflects elite interests versus allowing for more active interpretation by audiences. Overall, mass media has become deeply integrated into modern life and plays a complex role in both reflecting and shaping society.
The document discusses different types of media including mass media. It defines mass media as communication designed to reach a large audience like the population of a nation. The document then covers various types of mass media such as print media, electronic media, interactive media, and new media. It provides details on television, radio, newspapers, magazines, and new technologies like the internet, smartphones, and social media. The focus is on how these various media types are used for mass communication and information sharing.
Mass media has a significant influence on society through the information and communication it provides. It shapes peoples' decisions, beliefs, and values, as most knowledge comes from media sources rather than direct experience. While media is an authority people trust for news, entertainment, and education, its influence on children, teens, and society can be substantial and should be understood considering how skillfully it can falsify facts or push certain agendas. Understanding how media influence works is important to think critically about the information people receive.
This document discusses mass communication and its role in society. It describes mass communication as focusing on the content of information disseminated to a diverse audience through various media, unlike interpersonal communication which has a single source. The major fields of mass communication are outlined as journalism, broadcasting, advertising, and public relations. The objectives and functions of mass communication are also summarized, including to inform, raise public opinion, entertain, and act as gatekeepers. The document emphasizes that mass communication plays a fundamental role in society by influencing politics, social issues, education, and more.
This document discusses the pervasiveness of mass media in modern society. It notes that the average person now spends more time engaging with mass media than without it. There are eight main types of mass media businesses: books, newspapers, internet, television, radio, movies, recordings, and magazines. The document also outlines the three main forms of communication: intrapersonal, interpersonal, and mass communication. Finally, it discusses some of the motives behind American media such as fulfilling public interests and needs, spreading culture, influencing governance, and entertaining people.
The document discusses the key components and process of mass communication. It defines mass as a large, heterogeneous, and anonymous audience. Mass communication involves senders transmitting messages through mass media channels like newspapers, TV, and radio to a large audience of receivers. The linear model of mass communication includes senders, messages, channels, receivers, and potential for feedback. Mass media plays an important role in society by influencing public opinion and individuals.
Mass media-reading-comprehension-exercises 43804suzana lima
The mass media, including newspapers, radio, and television, play an important role in informing people about current events and providing entertainment. While journalists aim to report objectively, they are sometimes influenced in their selection and framing of stories. Additionally, negative news tends to get more coverage than positive news as people are more interested in dramatic events. Different forms of media each have their advantages, such as television's ability to show live events, radio's portability, and newspapers' additional context. The internet also increasingly provides breaking news in real-time.
the role of influence of print and electronic media on public opinion divyanshhanda
This document summarizes an English project investigating the influence of print and electronic media on public opinion. The project contains an introduction, methodology, types of media influences, and conclusions. The student analyzes how media shapes perceptions through psycho sells and cultural icons. Both positive and negative effects are examined, with media influencing government policies and agenda through issue highlighting and directing public opinion.
Mass media plays an important role in education by instructing people through projects like educational television. This media-based education helps people develop basic skills and improve their standard of living. Technological advances throughout the 20th century changed media and communication, making forms of media like television and computers more human-like in how they interact. Today, the importance of media is immense due to modern technology and its significant impact on our lives and behaviors from a young age. Social media allows for quick sharing of content and real-time interaction, transforming how we do business and life, though retailers must engage customers on social media through relevant content in order to be successful. Media technology has made viewing easier over time and encourages technology use in schools, bringing
The document is a keynote address by Her Excellency Mrs. 'Funmi Olayinka, Deputy Governor of Ekiti State, Nigeria, delivered at the opening of the 2nd National Communication Summit of the Timex School of Communication in Kaduna, Nigeria on September 12, 2011. In her address, she discusses the important role of communication and media in building and strengthening democracy. She emphasizes that democracy requires an informed citizenry and that media serves as a watchdog to hold politicians accountable and ensure transparency. She also highlights investigative reporting, civic engagement, and building social consensus as key practices media uses to support democracy.
The document discusses different types of mass media. It describes mass media as a means of communication that is an integral part of modern life. There are several types of mass media including print media like newspapers and magazines; electronic media like television and radio; and new age media such as mobile phones, computers, and the internet. Social media in particular has become a platform for sharing knowledge and facilitating the free flow of information, though it also presents new opportunities and challenges. Traditional folk media also plays an important role in cultivating rural culture. The document distinguishes between public relations, propaganda, and publicity in terms of their aims, transparency, and communication approaches.
This document provides an overview of media literacy and the role of mass media. It discusses media literacy as understanding media's influence and being able to critically analyze media messages. The document then covers different perspectives on media literacy from media criticism to career preparation. It analyzes media criticism at different education levels. Finally, it outlines key functions of mass media like information, education, entertainment and persuasion.
Journalism aims to provide information to the public through gathering and analyzing news. It can take various forms from print to broadcast media. In modern societies, news media is the main source of public information and opinion, though some governments still control media. In democracies, access to independent information empowers citizens to participate politically. Recently, digital technology has transformed journalism through online and mobile consumption of news, challenging traditional business models and ushering in a new era of citizen journalism through social media.
Comparative study between print media & electronic mediaTabish Ahmed
The document is a market research report on comparing print and electronic media for advertising. It analyzes data collected through surveys of 100 respondents. Key findings include that 58% of respondents prefer electronic media for advertising, and 68% have purchased something after seeing an electronic ad. The report concludes electronic media is generally better for advertising among younger age groups, while print media still influences some consumers more. It provides suggestions like targeting young executives to promote electronic media advertising.
This document discusses how the rise of new communication technologies and social media have impacted politics and power dynamics. It argues that mass self-communication through blogs, social media, etc. allows non-institutional social movements to gain influence and shape political debates. While traditional media and politicians still hold power, they now recognize the influence of new online communication channels. Social media gives more actors the ability to set the political agenda rather than relying on traditional gatekeepers like editors. Recent social movements have used these new communication avenues to modify traditional power structures.
Mass media refers to various technologies that are used to communicate with large numbers of people simultaneously. It includes newspapers, magazines, television, radio, mobile phones, the internet, and cinema. Mass media plays a key role in influencing public perception on important issues and shaping modern culture through the transmission of beliefs, values, and traditions. Common forms of mass media discussed in the document are newspapers, magazines, television, radio, mobile phones, the internet, and cinema.
This document discusses the history and role of the press. It begins with defining the press and providing some key dates in the early development of newspapers in Rome, France, Portugal, Spain, and India. It then discusses the Press Council of India and how newspapers are important in modern life by keeping people informed and impacting culture, science, arts, and commerce. The document also examines the press' role in generating debates, acting as a voice for the people, shaping public opinion, and investigating scams, while also acknowledging its potential limitations like sensationalism.
The relationship between these sentences is addition. The second sentence provides an example to support the claim made in the first sentence about the influence of mass media.
This document discusses mass media, including its definition, types, and business models. It describes mass media as the transmission of information to large audiences through various channels like print, broadcast, and social media. It also discusses concepts like media demassification, conglomeration, and melding. Mass media is classified as "hot" or "cold" depending on the level of participation it invites from audiences. The document also outlines different models for funding mass media, including advertising, circulation revenue, and government subsidies. It explores trends like media fragmentation and consolidation of ownership through conglomerates.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Role of mass media in the development ofNurer Asif
The distinction between censorship of print and electronic media is becoming increasingly irrelevant
The media cannot assume that all viewers are responsible for the content they consume
The mass media play a key role in broadcasting values and cultures to almost everywhere in the world
The media is often insensitive and irresponsible
The media reflects and projects the view of minority elite, which controls it
Media networks aim programming at the largest possible audience through programs of the broad appeal
This document discusses electronic publishing opportunities and challenges of alternative media in Zimbabwe. It defines alternative media as media produced outside mainstream media that aims to give voice to excluded groups and abolish distinctions between producers and consumers. The document outlines theories that can inform alternative media and characteristics of ideal alternative media. It provides examples of alternative media in Zimbabwe and discusses opportunities such as giving ordinary citizens a voice and analyzing neglected topics. Challenges include needing public attention, media laws controlling discussion, and lack of expertise in some alternative outlets. The conclusion states alternative media should be self-organized and citizen-controlled to allow discussion of taboo issues.
Impact of mass communication in bangladeshtanmay mondal
The document discusses the impacts of mass communication in Bangladesh. It defines key terms like mass, communication, and mass communication. It then outlines the types of mass communication in Bangladesh and discusses both the positive and negative impacts. The positive impacts include cultural transmission, developing awareness, and empowering women. However, mass communication can also lead to issues like wrong information, increased violence, and media addiction. In conclusion, mass communication plays an important but complex role in Bangladeshi society.
Unit 3. media and its impacts mcqs By Musarrat KhanMusarrat Khan
This document contains a quiz about media and its impacts. It includes 14 multiple choice questions testing understanding of key media concepts like the different types of media (print, electronic, visual), the functions of media (to entertain and inform audiences), and examples of different pronouns (personal, reflexive, indefinite). The questions cover topics like what media includes (TV, radio, internet, films), its role in sharing knowledge globally, and examples of active and passive voice in sentences describing media's influence.
The document discusses the history and goals of development journalism. It began in the 1960s with a focus on critically analyzing government development projects and their impact. Today, development journalism aims to improve conditions in developing countries by investigating and reporting on issues like poverty, healthcare, education, and sustainability. Journalists uncover overlooked stories and empower citizens by bringing attention to important issues and proposing solutions. The document also discusses different eras in development communication theory, from modernization to participatory models emphasizing local voices.
Mass media plays an important role in disseminating farm technology and information to rural communities. Various media can be combined to create an effective media mix for communication. Print media like newspapers and magazines are widely used. Radio, television, and newer digital media like the internet and mobile phones also effectively communicate information to farmers. When combining different media types, considerations include the purpose of communication, such as increasing awareness, improving skills, or changing behaviors. Common effective media mixes include printed materials plus group discussions, or radio combined with slideshows and field trips.
1. Media refers to various channels of communication like television, radio, newspapers, and the internet. It performs important functions in society such as providing information, education, entertainment, and connecting different parts of society.
2. During the 20th century, new media channels like radio and television were developed and became mass media capable of reaching millions of people. More recently, the internet was developed in the 1950s and is now accessible to about half the world's population.
3. The key functions of media include providing information, education, entertainment, highlighting important issues, promoting accountability and good governance, and enabling advertisement. Media plays an important role in society.
Mass media-reading-comprehension-exercises 43804suzana lima
The mass media, including newspapers, radio, and television, play an important role in informing people about current events and providing entertainment. While journalists aim to report objectively, they are sometimes influenced in their selection and framing of stories. Additionally, negative news tends to get more coverage than positive news as people are more interested in dramatic events. Different forms of media each have their advantages, such as television's ability to show live events, radio's portability, and newspapers' additional context. The internet also increasingly provides breaking news in real-time.
the role of influence of print and electronic media on public opinion divyanshhanda
This document summarizes an English project investigating the influence of print and electronic media on public opinion. The project contains an introduction, methodology, types of media influences, and conclusions. The student analyzes how media shapes perceptions through psycho sells and cultural icons. Both positive and negative effects are examined, with media influencing government policies and agenda through issue highlighting and directing public opinion.
Mass media plays an important role in education by instructing people through projects like educational television. This media-based education helps people develop basic skills and improve their standard of living. Technological advances throughout the 20th century changed media and communication, making forms of media like television and computers more human-like in how they interact. Today, the importance of media is immense due to modern technology and its significant impact on our lives and behaviors from a young age. Social media allows for quick sharing of content and real-time interaction, transforming how we do business and life, though retailers must engage customers on social media through relevant content in order to be successful. Media technology has made viewing easier over time and encourages technology use in schools, bringing
The document is a keynote address by Her Excellency Mrs. 'Funmi Olayinka, Deputy Governor of Ekiti State, Nigeria, delivered at the opening of the 2nd National Communication Summit of the Timex School of Communication in Kaduna, Nigeria on September 12, 2011. In her address, she discusses the important role of communication and media in building and strengthening democracy. She emphasizes that democracy requires an informed citizenry and that media serves as a watchdog to hold politicians accountable and ensure transparency. She also highlights investigative reporting, civic engagement, and building social consensus as key practices media uses to support democracy.
The document discusses different types of mass media. It describes mass media as a means of communication that is an integral part of modern life. There are several types of mass media including print media like newspapers and magazines; electronic media like television and radio; and new age media such as mobile phones, computers, and the internet. Social media in particular has become a platform for sharing knowledge and facilitating the free flow of information, though it also presents new opportunities and challenges. Traditional folk media also plays an important role in cultivating rural culture. The document distinguishes between public relations, propaganda, and publicity in terms of their aims, transparency, and communication approaches.
This document provides an overview of media literacy and the role of mass media. It discusses media literacy as understanding media's influence and being able to critically analyze media messages. The document then covers different perspectives on media literacy from media criticism to career preparation. It analyzes media criticism at different education levels. Finally, it outlines key functions of mass media like information, education, entertainment and persuasion.
Journalism aims to provide information to the public through gathering and analyzing news. It can take various forms from print to broadcast media. In modern societies, news media is the main source of public information and opinion, though some governments still control media. In democracies, access to independent information empowers citizens to participate politically. Recently, digital technology has transformed journalism through online and mobile consumption of news, challenging traditional business models and ushering in a new era of citizen journalism through social media.
Comparative study between print media & electronic mediaTabish Ahmed
The document is a market research report on comparing print and electronic media for advertising. It analyzes data collected through surveys of 100 respondents. Key findings include that 58% of respondents prefer electronic media for advertising, and 68% have purchased something after seeing an electronic ad. The report concludes electronic media is generally better for advertising among younger age groups, while print media still influences some consumers more. It provides suggestions like targeting young executives to promote electronic media advertising.
This document discusses how the rise of new communication technologies and social media have impacted politics and power dynamics. It argues that mass self-communication through blogs, social media, etc. allows non-institutional social movements to gain influence and shape political debates. While traditional media and politicians still hold power, they now recognize the influence of new online communication channels. Social media gives more actors the ability to set the political agenda rather than relying on traditional gatekeepers like editors. Recent social movements have used these new communication avenues to modify traditional power structures.
Mass media refers to various technologies that are used to communicate with large numbers of people simultaneously. It includes newspapers, magazines, television, radio, mobile phones, the internet, and cinema. Mass media plays a key role in influencing public perception on important issues and shaping modern culture through the transmission of beliefs, values, and traditions. Common forms of mass media discussed in the document are newspapers, magazines, television, radio, mobile phones, the internet, and cinema.
This document discusses the history and role of the press. It begins with defining the press and providing some key dates in the early development of newspapers in Rome, France, Portugal, Spain, and India. It then discusses the Press Council of India and how newspapers are important in modern life by keeping people informed and impacting culture, science, arts, and commerce. The document also examines the press' role in generating debates, acting as a voice for the people, shaping public opinion, and investigating scams, while also acknowledging its potential limitations like sensationalism.
The relationship between these sentences is addition. The second sentence provides an example to support the claim made in the first sentence about the influence of mass media.
This document discusses mass media, including its definition, types, and business models. It describes mass media as the transmission of information to large audiences through various channels like print, broadcast, and social media. It also discusses concepts like media demassification, conglomeration, and melding. Mass media is classified as "hot" or "cold" depending on the level of participation it invites from audiences. The document also outlines different models for funding mass media, including advertising, circulation revenue, and government subsidies. It explores trends like media fragmentation and consolidation of ownership through conglomerates.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Role of mass media in the development ofNurer Asif
The distinction between censorship of print and electronic media is becoming increasingly irrelevant
The media cannot assume that all viewers are responsible for the content they consume
The mass media play a key role in broadcasting values and cultures to almost everywhere in the world
The media is often insensitive and irresponsible
The media reflects and projects the view of minority elite, which controls it
Media networks aim programming at the largest possible audience through programs of the broad appeal
This document discusses electronic publishing opportunities and challenges of alternative media in Zimbabwe. It defines alternative media as media produced outside mainstream media that aims to give voice to excluded groups and abolish distinctions between producers and consumers. The document outlines theories that can inform alternative media and characteristics of ideal alternative media. It provides examples of alternative media in Zimbabwe and discusses opportunities such as giving ordinary citizens a voice and analyzing neglected topics. Challenges include needing public attention, media laws controlling discussion, and lack of expertise in some alternative outlets. The conclusion states alternative media should be self-organized and citizen-controlled to allow discussion of taboo issues.
Impact of mass communication in bangladeshtanmay mondal
The document discusses the impacts of mass communication in Bangladesh. It defines key terms like mass, communication, and mass communication. It then outlines the types of mass communication in Bangladesh and discusses both the positive and negative impacts. The positive impacts include cultural transmission, developing awareness, and empowering women. However, mass communication can also lead to issues like wrong information, increased violence, and media addiction. In conclusion, mass communication plays an important but complex role in Bangladeshi society.
Unit 3. media and its impacts mcqs By Musarrat KhanMusarrat Khan
This document contains a quiz about media and its impacts. It includes 14 multiple choice questions testing understanding of key media concepts like the different types of media (print, electronic, visual), the functions of media (to entertain and inform audiences), and examples of different pronouns (personal, reflexive, indefinite). The questions cover topics like what media includes (TV, radio, internet, films), its role in sharing knowledge globally, and examples of active and passive voice in sentences describing media's influence.
The document discusses the history and goals of development journalism. It began in the 1960s with a focus on critically analyzing government development projects and their impact. Today, development journalism aims to improve conditions in developing countries by investigating and reporting on issues like poverty, healthcare, education, and sustainability. Journalists uncover overlooked stories and empower citizens by bringing attention to important issues and proposing solutions. The document also discusses different eras in development communication theory, from modernization to participatory models emphasizing local voices.
Mass media plays an important role in disseminating farm technology and information to rural communities. Various media can be combined to create an effective media mix for communication. Print media like newspapers and magazines are widely used. Radio, television, and newer digital media like the internet and mobile phones also effectively communicate information to farmers. When combining different media types, considerations include the purpose of communication, such as increasing awareness, improving skills, or changing behaviors. Common effective media mixes include printed materials plus group discussions, or radio combined with slideshows and field trips.
1. Media refers to various channels of communication like television, radio, newspapers, and the internet. It performs important functions in society such as providing information, education, entertainment, and connecting different parts of society.
2. During the 20th century, new media channels like radio and television were developed and became mass media capable of reaching millions of people. More recently, the internet was developed in the 1950s and is now accessible to about half the world's population.
3. The key functions of media include providing information, education, entertainment, highlighting important issues, promoting accountability and good governance, and enabling advertisement. Media plays an important role in society.
This document discusses the history and functions of mass media. It begins by defining mass media as communication technologies that reach large audiences. It then outlines the early history of mass media from ancient Greek dramas to the printing press. The document also describes how different forms of media like radio, television, and the internet came to dominate at different points in history. Finally, it discusses the political, economic, entertainment, social, and other functions of mass media, and how people use media for cognition, diversion, social utility, and withdrawal.
The document discusses the role of electronic media in Pakistan. It outlines the evolution of media from the establishment of Pakistan Television Corporation under Ayub Khan to the proliferation of private channels today. It notes both positive and negative impacts of media. Positively, media can promote democracy, raise awareness of social issues, and expose corruption. However, it can also sensationalize news, spread exaggerated or one-sided information, and be influenced by powerful groups. The conclusion calls for media to project a positive image of Pakistan while prioritizing accuracy over viewership.
The world “Media is a plural Latin noun; the singular form is medium”. So it is correct to call television a “medium” and to refer to multiple types of communication as “Media”.
This document summarizes the role of media in the current scenario. It discusses the different types of media including print, broadcast, outdoor, and online media. It outlines the importance of media in creating awareness, strengthening democracy, promoting tolerance, attracting policy makers, and providing entertainment. The role of media is described as providing information, political and social awareness, education, economic awareness, entertainment, and advertising. The social impact of media is discussed in terms of connecting people globally and reducing communication gaps. Both the pros and cons of media are presented.
This document summarizes the role of electronic media in Pakistan. It discusses the evolution of media from the eras of Ayub Khan, Zia-ul-Haq, and Pervez Musharraf. It outlines the purposes of media as informing, entertaining, and advertising. It also examines both the negative impacts of media such as westernization and exaggeration, as well as positive effects such as promoting democracy and covering natural disasters. The conclusion states that Pakistani media should resolve matters with a positive attitude and work to promote an accurate, positive image of Pakistan.
This document discusses the evolution of traditional media to new digital media. It describes the four ages of media: pre-industrial (before 1700), industrial (1700-1930s), electronic (1930s-1980s), and new digital age (1900s-2000s). Examples of media forms from each age are provided. The document also explains how media has shaped societal norms and values over time, from disseminating basic information to becoming more personalized. Five key functions of media and communication are outlined: to inform, educate, provide public discourse, act as watchdogs, and advocate for political viewpoints.
The document discusses several theories of media globalization. It outlines the functionalist theory proposed by Harold Laswell and Charles Wright in the 1940s and 1960s, which describes five functions of mass media: surveillance, correlation, transmission, entertainment, and mobilization. It also discusses the social responsibility theory derived from the Hutchins Commission report of 1947, which advocated that media have certain obligations to society, such as truth, accuracy, objectivity, balance and diversity of views. Finally, it summarizes the Marxist theory of media tied to communist ideology, emphasizing the role of media as a collective agitator and propagandist to build communism under government control rather than private ownership.
The document discusses different theories of media globalization. It outlines the functionalist theory proposed by Harold Laswell and Charles Wright in the 1940s and 1960s, which describes five functions of mass media: surveillance, correlation, transmission, entertainment, and mobilization. It also discusses the social responsibility theory stemming from the Hutchins Commission report of 1947, which argued that media has certain obligations to society, including truth, accuracy, objectivity, balance and diversity of views. Finally, it covers the Marxist theory of media tied to communist ideology, emphasizing the role of media as a collective agitator and propagandist under government control with no private ownership.
Essay on Role of Media in Political Campaigns
Essay Roles of Mass Media in Society
Media and Its Responsibilities Essay
Effect of Media and Mass Communication Essay
Role Of Media In Media
Role of Media
The Role of Media in the Society Essay
The Role Of The Media In Democracy Essay
The Role Of Media And Its Effects On Society
The Role Of Media And Mass Media
Sociology- Role of Media Essay
The Role Of Media And Its Influence On Society
The Role Of Media And Its Effect On Society
The Role Of Media In The Media
The Role Of Media In The Vietnam War
Essay on The Media and Its Responsibilities
This document provides an overview of the basics of journalism course offered by Pondicherry University. It discusses the learning objectives of the course, outlines the 5 units that will be covered, and provides brief descriptions of the topics within each unit. These include defining what constitutes news, the roles of reporters, editors and sub-editors, the art of headlines and layout, and advertising and copy editing. It also lists some suggested reading materials relevant to the subject. The document aims to equip students of the MA English program with fundamental knowledge of journalism practices.
Mass culture refers to commercially marketed arts and entertainment appealing to demographic categories. Mass communication utilizes media technology to distribute information widely through indirect means like social media and networking. While media has influenced culture by transforming leisure and celebrations, some argue it has also manipulated public opinion and connected isolated individuals only by necessities of life rather than sympathy.
The document discusses the role and purpose of journalism. It questions whether people have an intrinsic need for news and information from beyond their direct experience. It also explores the tension between journalism serving the public interest through truthful and verified information versus catering to what people want. The document raises concerns that new technologies, media consolidation, and globalization are fracturing society and challenging journalists to properly educate the public.
This document discusses the role of the media in a democracy. It examines different types of media like television, radio, newspapers, and social media. It explores how politicians use media to influence voters through staged events, photos, social media, and by claiming bias. The document also analyzes theories about the power of media, including the hypodermic needle theory, uses and gratifications theory, and cultural effects theory. Finally, it discusses the rights and responsibilities of media to inform voters and hold leaders accountable, as well as arguments for and against greater government regulation of media.
Media plays an important role in modern democracy by allowing free expression and an informed public. Under the First Amendment, citizens have freedom of speech and press across printed and digital media. The media helps form public opinions by providing information on current events and issues from diverse sources. However, media bias can also distort information and influence views through selective reporting or speculative coverage driven by commercial interests rather than accuracy.
◆ The media is a lifeline of a nation. It provide not only information on what may affect the normal human being in his day-to-day functioning, but also by other features keeps him informed of developments, national and international.
◆ It plays a significant role in our society in the present scenario. It is all around us, from the shows we watch on television, the music we listen to on the radio, to the books and magazines we read each day. Television, more than any of the other medias, achieves myriad different goals.
◆ “If it were left on me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.”
-Thomas Jefferson
● No one is perfect in this world and so is the media.
● We cannot think of a democracy without active and neutral media.
● Media is like a watchdog in a democracy that keeps government active.
● From being just an informer it has become an integral part of our daily lives.
● With the passage of time it has become a more matured and a more responsible entity which informs the people about all the things which is going on in the society.
1. News media are a source of information and opinion that use a one-to-many form of communication to help build imagined communities and shape national identity.
2. Benedict Anderson's concept of "imagined communities" explains how nations form around shared print languages disseminated by news media. This helps articulate a nation's cultural and social identity.
3. The introduction of new communication technologies like the telegraph, telephone, radio, and internet have accelerated the spread of news and challenged existing models of the public sphere.
The document discusses best practices for creating advertisements ("spots") during cricket matches like the ICC World Cup. It provides tips from marketing experts, including that spots should be short (under 30 seconds), funny, and not overly focused on cricket or a team's performance. Long-form, emotional, or sales-focused advertisements are less likely to be effective during tense matches. While some debate using cricket spots for direct calls-to-action, repeated advertising can increase awareness if the message is relevant to the brand. Media planning, such as varying ad lengths, is also important to maximize viewership of cricket spots.
The document summarizes how the medium for following cricket's World Cup has evolved from solely radio in 1975 to now including mobile platforms. In 1975, radio was the only option to listen to commentary and get scores. Television broadcasts began airing semifinals and finals in 1983 on Doordarshan, India's sole TV channel at the time. By 1987, when India hosted the tournament, more brands were associating with cricket and matches were broadcast live on Doordarshan. Now, people can enjoy live scores and videos on their mobile devices, engaging with cricket on the go, as new technologies have increased mobile usage and platforms continue innovating to deliver richer content.
Marketers may be less inclined to sign cricketers to endorsement deals due to their inconsistent performances. With the Indian cricket team doing poorly in recent international matches, brands can no longer rely on cricketers to boost trust and sales. Marketers will likely sign shorter contracts with cricketers and tie endorsement fees to performance. They may also turn to other sports and Bollywood stars for endorsements. With cricketers providing diminishing returns, marketers will need to develop new marketing strategies beyond celebrity endorsements to engage audiences.
This document discusses whether to gift chocolates or mithai (Indian sweets) during Diwali. While mithai have deep traditional and emotional significance, capturing family history and values, chocolates have increasingly become popular gifts, especially for younger generations. Both options have merits - mithai have greater variety and affordability while being homemade, but chocolates have longer shelf life and more attractive packaging for corporate gifting. Ultimately, both chocolates and mithai are suitable Diwali gifts, with preferences varying between older and younger celebrants.
Visual merchandising (VM) is an important tool for retailers to attract customers and influence buying decisions. Effective VM uses elements like product display, lighting, color, and signage to create an experience that connects customers to the brand. It must be creatively designed yet clear and cohesive to guide customers through the store. VM tells the brand's story and influences impressions, so retailers must ensure their in-store presentation matches their external communications and values.
The document discusses the growth of digital media in India. It notes that half of Indian households now have digital TV and over 100 million viewers watch content on devices other than TVs, indicating a shift towards digital viewing. Mobile phone usage is also growing significantly in India, with people spending more time on their phones than with other entertainment. The digital advertising market is expanding rapidly in India and mobile ad spending constitutes 14% of the total digital ad spend. The document concludes that digital media in India will continue growing as more brands adopt online and mobile channels.
Political parties in India are expected to spend $5 billion on advertising for the 2014 elections, triple what was spent in 2009. This large spending is aimed at swaying the perceptions of confused voters through propaganda techniques. A major focus is on first-time voters, who make up over 150 million people and led 40% of social media discussions on elections. Politicians are adopting social media and targeting voters based on issues like jobs, prices, and women's safety. How first-time voters decide could influence India's politics for the next 20 years. Narendra Modi in particular has built a strong social media presence to directly connect with voters.
The document discusses how private brands have gained market share over public sector undertaking (PSU) brands in various industries in India since the 1990s. It provides examples in lubricants, insurance, airlines, and telecom where private brands such as Castrol, various insurance companies, private airlines, and mobile network operators have overtaken PSU brands through superior marketing, innovation, service, and adapting to changing consumer preferences for value and technology. Unless PSU brands undergo overhaul, the trend of private brands outperforming is likely to continue as customers seek more options and convenience.
Puja festivals provide a great platform for brands to engage with consumers. Many brands plan to use the various Puja pandals to display and promote their products ranging from snacks to beverages. These festivals attract huge crowds across East and North India, giving brands the opportunity to reach a wide audience from children to elderly. The document examines how brands can leverage Puja festivals to strengthen connections with consumers through relevant experiences, interactive engagement, and targeting diverse demographics. With slowing economies and limited marketing budgets, Puja festivals offer an engaging and cost-effective way for brands to promote themselves.
Formal education in fields like advertising, marketing, mass communication, fine arts, and management are recommended for various roles in an advertising agency. A degree is preferred for client servicing, research, account, and media planning roles, while technical skills and creativity are important for roles like copywriting, visualizing, film/photography production. Popular educational institutions for these careers include MICA, Xavier Institute of Mass Communication, NID Ahmedabad, and JJ School of Arts.
The document provides a communication strategy and plan for DCB Bank to rise above competition. It begins with understanding the banking industry and DCB Bank. A SWOT analysis identifies strengths like stability and weaknesses like low awareness. The objectives are to strengthen the bank's equity, increase awareness, and position DCB as the preferred partner. The strategy involves engaging, educating, and evangelizing stakeholders through marketing, intellectual, employee, and community capital. Initiatives include media outreach, thought leadership, employee programs, and CSR activities. The big idea is to connect with masses through supporting a popular sport.
The document discusses several companies' CSR activities and strategies. It provides an example of a successful CSR initiative by Sundaram Finance in Chennai, India. Sundaram Finance partnered with Ogilvy PR to promote classical Carnatic music among children by organizing weekly musical concerts in parks. Dubbed the "Sundaram Finance Sunday Kutcheri," the concerts showcased local musical talent under age 15. The initiative was highly successful, gaining press coverage and attracting audiences. It helped boost children's confidence in performing and motivated parents to support their musical education without much direct advertising or branding. The initiative demonstrated a strong brand fit for Sundaram Finance and its values.
This document outlines various metrics used to analyze digital marketing performance, including metrics related to website traffic like unique visitors and page views, engagement on social media platforms like retweets and likes, links to the website, and metrics for evaluating the results of marketing efforts such as leads, ROI, and cost per click. It also includes metrics for measuring content creation activities.
Raghuram Rajan has been selected as the new governor of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Marketing and advertising professionals were polled for their responses, which were largely positive. Rajan has excellent credentials as a former chief economist of the IMF and economic advisor to the Indian government. He faces challenges of stabilizing the rupee, reducing inflation, and boosting economic growth. As the new RBI governor, Rajan will need to balance addressing the country's economic problems while maintaining the RBI's tradition of independence.
The document summarizes Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's top 10 economic development policies for India. It discusses policies focused on enabling human development through education, health and child rights initiatives; social inclusion through programs for women, minorities, Scheduled Castes/Tribes; rural renewal through rural employment and infrastructure programs; transforming cities; economic resurgence; sustaining the environment; advancing science and technology; managing disasters; national security; and building international bridges. The policies aim to reduce poverty, inequality, and promote inclusive growth across sectors like education, healthcare, rural development, infrastructure, and social welfare.
The document summarizes the Indian confectionary market. It notes that the global market is valued at $150 billion and growing at 16%, while the Indian market is smaller at $450 million. It also discusses market trends such as leading brands, product categories, consumer preferences, and growth opportunities in the Indian market. The key drivers are taste, quality, innovation, and effective marketing.
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh focused on 10 key economic policies: 1) enabling human development through expanding education, health care, and child rights initiatives 2) promoting social inclusion through food security, empowering women, and supporting weaker sections 3) accelerating infrastructure growth in areas like roads, airports, railways, and telecom. The goals were to reduce poverty, inequality, and deliver sustained high growth to improve lives across India.
This document provides guidance on crisis management and creating a crisis action plan. It recommends forming a crisis team with designated roles to handle a crisis situation quickly and effectively. The crisis team should be accessible at all times and have a plan in place outlining responsibilities, communication procedures, and guidelines to follow when a crisis occurs to minimize negative impacts and maintain the company's reputation. The document also lists 10 cardinal principles for professionals to follow, such as remaining calm, deciding on a spokesperson, being prepared to share contact information, and ensuring consistent messaging during a crisis.
The document discusses the importance of goal setting for organizations. It states that goals provide direction, measure progress, help make visions attainable, clarify roles, and motivate achievement. When setting goals, it's best to focus on the most important goals that are relevant to the organization's mission. Goals should be SMART (specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound). Visions are also important as they energize people and inspire action, though visions are difficult to achieve without clear goals. The document then outlines some specific goals and visions for confidence, team spirit, knowledge, energy, leadership, and profitability.
The document outlines 13 ideas to promote table tennis in order to increase its popularity and depth as a sport. The key strategies proposed include promoting it as a world-class sport with minimum investment, running coaching camps with foreign coaches, identifying and training promising young talent with the goal of producing world champions, and implementing an educational campaign to demonstrate the game's benefits and accessibility.
1. Media Relations
for
Mobilization of Citizens
Dr.C.V.Narasimha Reddi
Director
Information and Public Relations Department
Government of Andhra Pradesh (Retd)
& Editor, Public Relations Voice
2. The Medium is the Message
Marshall McLuhan
Media are not just machines.
They are not only the source of information and
entertainment but also carry mass messages of
persuasion that bind people into communities and
even into nations.
Though important, media often neglected.
3. Alvin Tofler’s Three Revolutions
FIRST WAVE Agricultural Revolution
(10,000 years ago)
Human and animal Muscle
Power as Living Batteries for
Energy: Sun, Wind,Water
MEDIA Face-to-Face
Interpersonal, Folk Art Media, Call
Posts to relay messages by drums
4. Alvin Tofler’s Three Revolutions
SECOND WAVE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Early 19 th Century
Steam Engine and Wheel for power.
Major Industries Mass production,
Mass consumption, Mass transportation,
Mass communication, public education
MEDIA Mass Media – Newspapers, Film
Radio, Television, Mass Media became
Giant Loudspeakers for communication &
mass mind
5. Alvin Tofler’s Three Revolutions
THIRD WAVE INFORMATION REVOLUTION
(MIDDLE OF 20TH CENTURY)
computer, internet, e.mail, communication
satellites in the center stage
The Death of Distance - Global Village
A De-Massified Media – Multi-editions Multi-channels
B- De-Massified Audience – De-massified Mind
C- Information Bomb is exploding in our midst
showering us with a shrapnel of Images
6. Press as Fourth Estate
“There were three estates in Parliament, but in the reporter’s
gallery yonder there sat a Fourth Estate more important than
them all”
Edmund Burke
“Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a
Government without newspapers or newspapers without
Government, I should not hesitate for a moment to prefer the
latter”.
Thomas Jefferson
the Third US President(1801-1809)
7. Free Press
I would rather have a completely Free Press with all the
dangers involved in the wrong use of that Freedom than
a Suppressed or Regulated Press
Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
8. People’s Participation
People’s Active Participation in Democracy and
National Development, without media is like
winking at a Pretty Young Girl in the Dark
9. A Constituency & A Conduit
Unlike other publics, media is both a Constituency
and a Conduit to all other constituencies –
employees, investors, customers, farmers,
industrial workers, general community, who as
Stakeholders develop image of your organisation
10. Lifeblood
Media is the lifeblood of public communication. The first
order of your organization is the ‘Media’.
The organisation’s plan or programme will fail:
If No One Sees It
If No One Hears It
If No One Speaks It
If No One Reads It
If No One Writes About It
In fact, media act as the bridge between your organization
and your public by carrying messages for better
understanding
Media Makes or Mars the Organization
11. Uniqueness of Indian Media
Its uniqueness lies in its intrapersonal, interpersonal and
folk arts media evolved by Bharata Muni, the father of
Indian dance over 2500 years ago.
The success of Lord Buddha, the founder of Buddhism as
‘the Light of Asia’ , Swami Vivekananda as ‘the
Voice of Indian Culture and Spirituality’ and
Mahatma Gandhi as ‘the Man of 20 th Century’ was
largely due to adoption of traditional media & their public
interest philosophies.
It is still valid even in the electronic age.
12. Functions of a Newspaper
One of the objects of a newspaper is to understand popular
feelings and Give Expression to it, Another is to arouse among
the people certain desirable sentiments and the third is
fearlessly to express popular defects .
Mahatma Gandhi
Facts Are Sacred - But Comment is Free
C.P.Scott
13. Functions of Mass Media
Information
Interpretation
Education-Persuasion
Entertainment
Agenda setting
Promotion of culture and
heritage
National Integration
To Serve the Economic System
To Serve the Social System
To Serve the Political System
To Serve the Cause of National
Crisis
An Instrument of Feedback Information
A Watch Dog of Democracy
14. Media and Good Governance
A Well-informed Citizenry, and the Accountability
of all those who exercise public power and expend
public resources, whether they are political
representatives or bureaucrats are the two
essentials of an effective democratic Government.
The Media represent the people and articulate
their grievances and problems and acts as a
bridge between the people and the authorities.
Therefore, the media must have access to all the
relevant information which concerns the people.
15. Information Poverty
“Eradication of Information Poverty is a
precondition to the Eradication of Economic
Poverty”
Dr. P C Joshi
A widespread understanding of the plan is an
essential stage, in its fulfillment. The plan has to be
carried in to every home in the language and symbols
of the people and expressed in terms of their Needs
and Problems.
16. Media Scene in India
India has both Government media network and private media.
Private Media
• No.of Newspapers (including 6800 dailies) 62,500
• Circulation of Newspapers 16 crore copies
• Readership 22.20 crores
• No.of T V channels 200
• No.of TV Homes 11.20 crores
• No.of TV Viewers 23 crores
• F.M.Radio Channels 37
• No.of Cinema House 13000
• No.of Moviegoers,every week 10 crore
• No.of Internet Connections 1 crore
• No.of Cell Phone subscribers 4.5 crore
17. Media Scene in India
Government Media
• No.of Broadcasting Stations 223
• Population Covered by Radio Signals 99.13%
• No.of Doordarshan Channels 25
• No.of TV Viewers 30 crore
• Media Units of Govt.of India 12
• State Information Departments 28
• Public Sector Public Relations Units 1000
India being the largest democracy has the world’s largest
public communication network that reaches about
70 crore people with socio-economic messages daily.
18. Challenge to Government Publicity
The crowded and competitive media environment
is a real challenge before governmental
publicity/public relations outfits to carry the right
information to the people’
19. Shortcomings of the Press
Caters to the elitist, neglecting the problems of
the less-privileged
Ignoring or suppressing news of peoples’
concern
Misinformation
Politicians and corporations try to win over
journalists
Inadequate development reporting
Crass commercialism: market oriented not
mass oriented
Indecent representation of women/ obscenity
20. Shortcomings of the Press (contd.)
Trivialism
Sensationalism
Encroachment on Privacy
The increasing menace of paparazzi or
‘Buzzing Insects’- (photographers – TV crew)
Dishonest means of gathering information
Intruding into personal grief –
at times of accidents and tragedies
The line between advertising and editorial
material is not kept clear - Advertorials
21. Shortcomings of the Press (contd.)
No prescribed professional qualifications for
journalists
Opinion Polls – Prepoll and Exist Poll Surveys
Superficialsim – Surface news
Aping the western culture and values and its
consequent adverse effects on our culture
Corruption/Undue Favours: Suppression of
News
Communal writings and inflaming passions of
different Social groups
22. Shortcomings of the Press (contd.)
Glorification of Criminals and Social evils
Trial by the Press-prejudging the guilt of the
accused
Pre-verification and opportunity to reply
ignoring Press Council’s Guidelines
Letters to Editor. Readers’ column is not charity
Devaluation of the office of the Editor which to
some extent is responsible for the present day
ailments of the press
23. Two Kinds of Editors
One is the Owner–Editor who has always been
the editor. - The Hindu, The Amrit Bazar Patrika
Editors who came from a totally business
perspective. Profit motive is a healthy motive for
them
Manipulation of News, and Opinion to suit
Owners’ financial and political interests and
tailoring editorial product to sub-serve the
marketing goal.
24. News on Sale
Space in a Newspaper is Sacred.
But in some cases news is on sale.
“While commercialization has a legitimate place in
the business office of a newspaper, it becomes a
danger when it invades the Editorial Room”
Dr. A.S. Anand, former Chief Justice
25. Urban Oriented
The Urban Oriented Indian media should become, media
for one billion people, instead of concentration on the 300
million Urban People.
A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
26. Complaints from the Press
Press Releases are not professionally written that can
go straight for composing in newspaper
PR Manager always tries to colour/or suppress free flow
of legitimate news under management pressure
PR Manger is not free to select news kindling reader’s
interest
Press Releases are Boss Oriented and not Readers’
Oriented, who are the masters of newspaper
Press Releases project only positive news, suppressing
news of negative nature
Officials are under the threat of Official Secrets Act of
1923
27. Bureaucracy and the Media
The relationship between Bureaucracy and Media is
like any other association. Some people make good out
of it, while others fail.
The Bureaucracy is mostly accused of being
Inaccessible to the media which is in search of
information.
Who is the loser?
28. Media Opportunities or Tactics
Newspapers
Produce a Press Kit News Photograph
Issue a Press Release Press Interviews
Hold a Press Conference Press Enquiries
Organize a Press Tour Press in Emergencies
Write or Sponsor a feature Commercial
Get an Advertorial advertisements
Published A source of Feedback
Letter to the Editor Information
Rejoinder or Clarification Press Clippings Service
Backgrounder & Factsheet
Complaint with Press
Council of India
29. Media Opportunities (contd.)
Electronic Media – News & Current Affairs
Talks
Radio & Panel Discussions
Television Newsreels
Interviews
Features
Phone-in Programme
Cable TV Network
Public Service Broadcast
Messages
Specialised Audience programme:
farmers, women, industrial workers
30. Media Opportunities (contd.)
Films Documentary Films
Short Feature Films
Animation Films
Video Films
News Magazines
Cartoon Films
Media feel that Government Departments Do
Not Make Use of Opportunities for Better
Coverage
31. Media Opportunities (contd.)
New Media
The Computer
The Word Processor Desktop Publishing
The Internet Facsimile
E-mail Transmission
Website Discussion Groups
Video Conference Portal
Video News release Public Kiosks
Online Journals
Integration
People’s information and communication environment have
become ever more individualized integrating print, audio, still and
moving images, broadcasting and other modes and channels of
communication and information sharing
32. Understand the Media
Nature and Functions of Media
Media Scene in the State and the Nation
Awareness of News Possibilities-News
Sense
Media Contact List must be up-to date
Media opportunities and Tactics for
Disseminating Information
Media Directories
Media Organizations
Press Cutting Services
Know How to Make a Complaint with
Press Council of India
Remember…
The Press is the Fourth Estate and
Watchdog of Democracy
33. News Service
Good Media Relations are built and maintained
only through honest and readers’ oriented news
service provided in an atmosphere of mutual
trust and understanding between an
organization and the media.
News Service
is the Hallmark of Media Relations
34. TV’s Attack Mentality
“Giving a Spin to and injecting a human angle to every
story is an Attack Mentality of Electronic Journalism.
The enforced Brevity of the Visual Image and Sound Byte
make it impossible to offer complex public issues that are
needed to do justice to many complex problems.
The Committee on the Syllabus of IAS Induction Training
35. Basics of Effective Media Relations
Understand the Media and their Requirements
Good Readers’ oriented news service on a
24 hour basis, if necessary
Be factual and tell the truth that makes interesting
to the readers
Always be Accessible
Be Impartial with the media
No suppression of News of Public interest
Helpful Attitude in Crisis Situations
No confrontation with media. The press fires the
last shot
36. How to Deal with Leaks
Loose tips of unnamed and unauthorised government sources
talking to reporters can sink or seriously affect government
policy and planning. Classified or politically sensitive
information are leaked out sometimes.
Tactics
Refuse to Confirm or Deny (Some Truth)
Demand a retraction or write a letter to the Editor or
Rejoinder
Issue an official Press Release
Hold a Press Conference
Prepare questions and answers
Preemptive leaking. Preventive measures
Be proactive and provide material routinely
‘Silence’ may be Golden. But it gives chance to fill the void
37. Media Effect
The greatest achievement of Independent India is its
democracy. The Press must be Proud of its role both in
Freedom Struggle and Maintaining our Vibrant Democracy and
Development Process
If India is self-sufficient in food production today…
If India has become the largest producer of milk in
the world…
If the Indian Industry is internationally competitive
today… and that our companies became
multinationals
If 170 million children were administered pulse polio
drops on a single day to eradicate polio…
If the average life expectancy of an Indian has
increased from 32 to 64…
38. If there had been an increase in literacy rate
from 18 per cent to 65 per cent…
If 670 million voters were sensitized as partners
in democratic polity and use of electronic
voting…
If India today is the tenth largest industrialized
country in the world poised to become third
largest economy in the world…
It is the Media Mantra that has transformed the
Indian Society for the Better
40. SITE (1975)
Satellite Instructional Television Experiment
The Satellite Instructional Television Experiment,
described as the biggest communication exercise in the
developing world has contributed substantially to help
villagers gain knowledge on development in 2400 villages
of six states in India.
Tub & Lantern
“To Kill Insects in Paddy Fields”
41. Kheda Rural Communication Project
(1975-85)
As many as 650 community TV sets were installed in
400 villages of Kheda District in Gujarat for educating the
farmers on Rural Development. The Kheda District
became a major center for milk production in India
ushering in ‘White Revolution”.
India is the largest milk producer in the world
42. Human Chain Communication
(1997-2004)
Never before in the history of Indian Communication, people
had witnessed the Human Chain Communication with a direct
link between Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh on the one side
and 10 million people standing in human chains in about
56,000 habitations on the other through All India Radio.
Over 10 million people who stood in these human chains, not
only came in direct contact with the Chief Minister but also took
oath that they shall participate in the Janmabhoomi
(community development) as administered over the live
broadcast of All India Radio.
People were also educated on the concepts of Janmabhoomi
43. Dial Your Chief Minister
(1997-2004)
Started on April 28, 1997 by Chief Minister Andhra Pradesh with
Janmabhoomi (Community Developemnt) as a topic for discussion
‘DIAL YOUR CHIEF MINISTER’ – Phone–in – Programme
has ended, after 226 weekly rounds in February 2004.
CM came face-to-face with both radio listeners and TV viewers on
every Monday for half-an-hour and not only spoke on important
subjects announced earlier but also interacted and listened to the
problems and grievances of the people for redressal.
Over 10,000 complaints were received directly by CM over this
phone-in-programme. In the process, about 70 lakh people were
exposed to this programme through both radio & TV in each round
and that they were mobilized for participation in development.
This is the only one exercise of its kind in Asia
44. Short Comings of
Communication Projects
No scientific evaluation of major
communication projects to understand the
impact of such projects on the people
Such communication projects, though
successful, are not replicated in other
areas of the country
45. Bharat Nirman
Public Information Campaign
The Press Information Bureau, Government of India has launched an
innovative the Bharat Nirman Public Information Campaign (PIC) to
disseminate developmental information at the grassroots level and also to
educate the people to derive benefits from the development programmes
under implementation of the State and Central Governments.
A base camp is set up for Five Days where services of various
departments, the bank loans on the one side and development
information on the other side go hand-in-hand to the beneficiaries. Mobile
publicity units would also cover about 100 villages in and around the base
camp.
A multi-media approach is adopted by involving the media units of
Government of India, State Information and Public Relations Departments
and other private media like Newspapers, TV channels etc. Such
campaigns are being organized in all the States.
In Tamil Nadu 42 campaigns were organized
46. ITM Theory of
Gandhian Public
Communication
I Intra and Inter-Personal Communication
(Meetings and Face to Face Interaction)
T Traditional Folk Art Media
(Music, Dance, Drama, Street plays, Puppet
Shows)
M Mass Media
(Press, Radio, TV and Film)
M Modern New Media
(Computer, internet, Email, Website)
A Blend of these Four Types of Media
Ideally Suited to the Indian Environment