This document provides information about walnut production, including: - Omega grafting is the classical grafting method used to propagate walnut trees, involving grafting scions onto rootstocks with a grafting machine. - Mechanization of agriculture can increase land productivity, support households facing labor shortages, reduce environmental impacts, and help reduce poverty and ensure food security. - Walnut harvesting and processing involves several steps: shaking or harvesting fruits from trees; sorting; drying; calibrating by size; cracking shells; and removing shells to obtain the kernels. Specialized machinery is used for each processing step.

2. WALNUT INTRODUCTION
 Genus : Juglans
 Species : regia
 Family : Juglandaceae
 Basic chromosome: 16
 Origin:
English walnut (J. regia) - Iran (Persia)
Black walnut (J. nigra) - Eastern North America

3. Mechanization is the process of changing from
working largely or exclusively by hand or with
animals to doing that work with machinery.

4. Increase land productivity by facilitating timeliness
and quality of cultivation,
 Support opportunities that relieve the burden of
labour shortages and enable households to withstand
shocks better,
Decrease the environmental footprint of agriculture
when combined with adequate conservation
agriculture practices and
Reduce poverty and achieve food security while
improving people's livelihoods.

5. GRAFTING
FRUIT
HARVEST
TECHNOLOGY
FRUIT
SORTING
SMALL NUT
PROCESSIN
G
NUT
PROCESSIN
G

6. OMEGA BENCH GRAFTING (THE CLASSICAL METHOD):
Omega grafting is conducted using one-year old rootstocks and scions with
a grafting machine. Graft unions are plunged into hot paraffin (70- 800 C)
and then cooled in cold water. The graft unions are forced in woody boxes,
filled with wet sawdust in a room under controlled conditions at 270 C and
80 % relative humidity.

7. 1. TREE SHAKER:
 Before the cider fruits can be collected with a fruit harvesting machine, the
fruits must be shaken if they have not yet fallen down from the tree
themselves.

8. 2. FRUIT HARVESTER:
The machine is similar to very strong street sweepers. It easy to use and
with it, the fruit harvest is really fun. It is suitable for use both at scattered
fruit trees and on plantations.

9. 3. FRONT SWEEPER FOR FRUITS:
It is normally used to clear the lane. Then to shake the trees with a trunk
shaker or to get the tractor and trailer the fruits that were harvested by hand
in the system together. There is also a third version, if you overload a
harvesting the fruits of us in the next row.

10. 4.SPEED PICKER:
The Roll-Blitz walnut is suitable for collecting items with a diameter between 2 and 5 cm like
walnuts, golf balls, plums, cherries, olives, Mirabelle, chestnuts and so on.

11. Advantages:
 2 Elevators with big tank 1600 litre
 Hydraulic regulation system for mountains
 Parking brake
 2 speed regulations for both elevators
 Lights for transport
 Separation from grass and leaves

12. 1. WALNUT HULLER:
 At the beginning of the harvest season,
fresh walnuts are harvested with green shells.
 With this machine, the green shells can be easily
removed without damaging the walnuts.
 The surface of the barrel and the floor are rough.
 The bottom spins in circles and the shells are
removed and rinsed with water.

13. 2. WALNUT WASHING MACHINE:
 Walnuts must be washed after harvesting and cleaned of twigs,
soil, leaves and green shells.
 The machine is equipped with thick steel bars, which ensures a first-
class cleaning.

14. 3. HEATING MACHINE FOR DRYING
 For the drying process of nuts a heater is essential.
With the heating, the nuts can be dried to a certain moisture in a certain
time.

15. 4. NUT CALIBRATED MACHINE:
 With nuts calibrated machine you can sort walnuts and hazelnuts from
100 kg/h to 2000 kg/h by their size.
 The sorting screen can be changed quickly and easily.
 It is driven by a worm gear or with a flexible coupling on the drive shaft of
the walnut washing machine.

16. 5. WALNUT CRACKING MACHINE:
The spinning of the inner drum and gravity cause the walnuts to move down
into the smaller and smaller space and eventually crack and leave
the machine out the bottom.

17. 1. WASHING:
Wash the walnuts to remove the dirt layer from them.

18. 2. DRYER:
Nuts should be dried fast before the kernels go mouldy or get black.

19. 3. Calibration: Sorting nuts by size

20. 4. CRACKING:
The design is based on two plates. One rotates while the other can be
adjusted in all directions. The “WAL MAN” is best suited for households with
few trees. Because of the long lever cracking is done with minimum effort.

21. 5. SHELL REMOVAL: Separate the kernels from the shells.