3. To measure the elevated levels of different harmful gases existing in the
atmosphere of some of the busiest and crowded markets of the city.
Providing a clearer picture of the current scenario of pollution
prevailing in the mainstream localities of Lahore.
Explains the increase in the amount of pollution with the help of tables
and graphs.
Shows the wide variations of the amounts of gases currently present in
the air from those of NEQS.
Provides an overview of the general awareness found among people
regarding the issue of pollution.
4. Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment that
causes instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem i.e.
physical systems or living organisms.
7. Concentrations taken at Anarkali, Urdu bazaar, Kalma Chowk and Ichra
Anarkali and Urdu Bazaar (db) Kalma Chowk and Ichra (db)
Rickshaw 94.3 Rickshaw 85
Cars 73.5 Cars 80
Motor bikes 80.2 Motor bikes 45
Van 81.2 Van 75
Horn 101.2 Horn 98
Standard values established by NEQS = 70
13. Anarkali Urdu Bazaar Kalma Chowk Ichra
115 95 112.5 125
Average Values of NOx Readings
Sources of Emissions Existing Standards Revised Standards
mg/m3 mg/m3
Nitric Acid 400 3000
Manufacturing 400 400
Gas Fired 400 600
Oil - 1200
Gas -
NEQs standards for NOx:
14. Average Values of SOx Readings
Anarkali Urdu Bazaar Kalma Chowk Ichra
80 87.5 155 105
NEQs standards for Sox
Background Air Am/Av Max Tons/Year Max.Allowed
Quality (24hour) Ground Level
Unpolluted <50 <200 500 50
Low <50 200 500 50
High 100 400 100 -
Very polluted >100 >400 100 -
Average Values of CO Readings
Anarkali Urdu Bazaar Kalma Chowk Ichra
247.5 85 140 182.5
15. Primary Standards Secondary Standards
Pollutant Level Averaging Time Level Averaging
Time
Carbon 9 ppm 8-hour None
Monoxide (10 mg/m3)
35 ppm 1-hour
(40 mg/m3)
Lead 0.15 µg/m3 Rolling 3-Month Average Same as Primary
1.5 µg/m3 Quarterly Average Same as Primary
Nitrogen 0.053 ppm Annual Same as Primary
Dioxide (100 µg/m3) (Arithmetic Mean)
Particulate 150 µg/m3 24-hour Same as Primary
Matter (PM10)
Particulate 15.0 µg/m3 Annual Same as Primary
Matter (PM2.5) (Arithmetic Mean)
35 µg/m3 24-hour Same as Primary
Ozone 0.075 ppm (2008 8-hour Same as Primary
std)
0.08 ppm (1997 8-hour Same as Primary
std)
0.12 ppm 1-hour Same as Primary
(Applies only in limited
areas)
Sulfur 0.03 ppm Annual 0.5 ppm 3-hour
Dioxide (Arithmetic Mean) (1300 µg/m3)
0.14 ppm 24-hour
16. After having a look on the observed values and
the standard values one can say that the pollution
levels at all the sites (Anarkali, Urdu bazaar, Kalma
Chowk, Ichra) are too much greater than standard
values. So we can assume that how poor is the
quality control in Pakistan. There is no law to check
the pollution when it is above standard concentration.
There is need to take preventive measures because as
we know that our commercial areas are flooded with
automobiles and are releasing high amounts of gases
(SO ,NO, Co) and dust particles which greatly increase
the respiratory diseases.
17. Results
0%
10%
Clean
90% Polluted
Moderate
0% Result
20%
A source of health
80% impact certain areas
plays no role
18. Result
10% 0%
Cause disease
20%
Cause mental anxiety
70%
Hypertension
No effect
CO2 NOX
Result
SOX CH4
10% 10% 0%
CO2
CCl I don’t know NOX
30%
40% SOX
10%
CH4
CCL
19. Noise pollution Air pollution Result
Water pollution Soil pollution 0%
30% 40 % Noise pollution
A ir pollution
30% Water pollution
Soil pollution
YES NO
Result
I don’t know To some extent 5%
0%
15% Yes
NO
80% I don't know
To some extent
20. Through T.V Through newspapers
Result
Seminars Clubs/societies/NGOs 10% 2% Through T.v
8%
Through Newspapers
80% Seminars
Clubs/Societies/NGOs
Vehicles Industries
Result
AC’s/Refrigerators Sprays/Perfumes 0%
10%
40% Vehicles
industries
50% AC's/Refrigerators
Sprays/Perfumes
21. Result
through wrappers in
10% 20% 30% the dust bin
Drive car with broken
30% 10% silencors
Use plastic shopping
bags
YES NO
Result
I don’t know To some extent
20% Yes
40%
No
40% I don't know
to some extent
0%
