This document outlines a case study presentation on solid waste treatment policies and programs in Hong Kong. It provides an overview of Hong Kong's current policies which primarily involve landfilling waste. It then discusses the pros and cons of incineration, potential solutions to issues with incineration, and alternatives like waste charging policies and composting. Countries like Singapore, Taipei, and San Francisco are compared in their different waste management approaches like recycling mandates and waste-to-energy incineration.

1. ME1D01
Engineering and Environmental
Management
Case study presentation
12119472D IP Ka Yan Alberta
13085288D Choi Wing Lam
12101937D Yuen Hoi Ying Winnie

2. Outline
1) Present manipulate solid waste (MSW) treatment
2) Pros and Cons of the policies
3) Solution in developing the incineration program
4) Comparison and Contrast of MSW policies
5) Alternative treatment
6) Conclusion

3. Present Policies
 Disposed in
landfill(52%)
->West New Territories
Landfill at Tuen Mun
->North East New
Territories Landfill at Ta
Kwu Ling
->South East New
Territories Landfill at
Tseung Kwan O
Source from: http://www.cleanbiz.asia/image/hong-
kong-landfill

4. Present Policies
 Collection points are located in stores and
railway stations
->Rechargeable batteries
->Waste of Electrical and Electronic
Equipment (WEEE)
->Paper, aluminum and plastic bottle
 Hong Kong Awards for Environment
Excellent(HKAEE)
->Encourage businesses and organizations to
adopt green management and green
innovations
Source from:
http://www.hkaee.org.hk/eindex.html,
https://www.wastereduction.gov.hk/chi/workplace/rechargebattery_detail.htm,
http://edwinor.blogspot.hk/2011/06/blog-post_17.html

5. Present Policies
 The Programme on
Source Separation of
Domestic Waste(2005)
->Take it more convenient
for residents to separate
waste at source
->Provide waste separation
facilities on each building
floor Source from:
http://www.gov.hk/en/residents/environment/waste/wa
steredrecyc.htm

6. Advantages of incineration
Create jet fuel
-using heat to generate
electricity
-combining components
Environmentally
Friendly
-comparing with land fill
only Source from:
http://www.solarfeeds.com/jetfuel-will-
replace-petroleum/

7. Disadvantages of incineration
Costly
-HK$8 billion
Air Pollution
-fly ash contains over 98% of
dioxins produced
-at least 300 tonnes of toxic
ash per day
Source from:
http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-
warming/pollution-overview/

8. Disadvantages of incineration
Damage wildlife and
fisheries
-snake, lizard and butterfly
live there
Higher rates of infant
moralities
-related to air pollution
Toxins escaping into
coastal waters over time Source from:
http://www.edp24.co.uk/polopoly_fs/ib_1_proposed_incinerato
r_site_king_s_lynn_saddlebow_1_2210295!
image/1631260836.jpg_gen/derivatives/landscape_630/1631260
836.jpg

9. Solutions in development
 Cost issue: energy generation
e.g. electricity
- Netherlands supply 5% of the country’s energy
requirements
- Germany provide 5-10% of current demands
- Japan provide free hot water, free use of swimming pools,
etc. (Hester, 1994)
 Regulation on emission
(CAA in USA )
- Monitoring
- Government enforcement

10. Solutions in development
 Air pollution control equipment
- particulates, gases (EPA, 2005)
 pre-process before incinerate (Sutco, 2010)
Source from:
http://www.sutco.de/fileadmin/datenblaetter/Anlageblaet
ter_VSA_ENGL_02SEP2010.pdf

11. Compare and Contrast
Hong Kong
- 3 active landfills – expected to be saturated by 2018
- 300 active waste collectors, 30 involved in waste recycling
and reprocessing operations
(Liu, 2012)
Singapore
- 4 incinerator, 2 are Waste-to-energy incineration
- Offshore sanitary landfill
- Packaging Agreement
- Uniform fee for waste collection
(NEA, 2014)

12. Compare and Contrast
Taipei
- 3 incinerators
- 1 sanitary landfill
- Trash Per-bag Fee Collection policy
- Recycling kitchen waste
(Department of Environmental Protection, 2014), (Liu, 2012)
Source from: http://www.no-burn.org/community-action-propels-the-taiwanese-government-towards-zero-waste

13. Compare and Contrast
San Francisco, USA
-Mandatory Recycling and Composting Ordinance
-Waste related ordinances
- Green Building Ordinance
- Construction and Demolition Debris Recovery Ordinance
- Food Service Waste Reduction Ordinance
- Plastic Bag Reduction Ordinance
(San Francisco Department of the Environment, 2014)

14. Compare and Contrast
Hong Kong
- Ways for waste disposal
- Lack initiative in source reduction
Other countries
- Source reduction
- Recycling and composting

15. Alternatives
• MSW charging policy
- Polluter-pays principle
- Example: Taiwan
Reduced waste disposal by 60% over 5-6 years
• Hong Kong: consulting but some objection…
Waste Prevention
(Source Reduction)
Source from:
http://d2watasia.pixnet.net/blog/post/23454301-%E5%8F
%B0%E5%8C
%97%E5%B8%82%E5%B0%88%E7%94%A8%E5%9E
%83%E5%9C%BE%E8%A2%8B%E4%B9%8B%E6%9C%9F
%E8%A8%B1%E8%88%87%E6%AA%A2%E8%A8%8E

16. Alternatives
• Legislation on package of products
- Neighbourhood and Workers Services Centre
- packaging waste from the manufacturers
Waste Prevention
(Source Reduction)
Europe
AmericaSource from: http://www.nwsc.org.hk/content.php?id=203

17. Alternatives Waste Prevention
(Source Reduction)
A laundry detergent flexible pouch weighs 85 percent less
than a plastic bottle. The amount of packaging is 84 percent
less.
Source from:
http://www.flexpack.org/public/source_reduction_examples.asp

18. Alternatives Reuse and Recycle
• Barter
- system of exchange by which goods or services are directly
exchanged for other goods or services without using a
medium of exchange, such as money. (O'Sullivan, Arthur;
Steven M. Sheffrin, 2003)

19. Alternatives Reuse and Recycle
Source from: http://www.fringebacker.com/zh-tw/blog/JupYeah_VeryHK/
Potential barter websites: Tradeduck.com, JUPYEAH 執嘢

20. Alternatives Reuse and Recycle
• Provide subsidies or sites for holding a barter fair
(incur expenditure but without any revenue if free
entry)
• Cooperate with NGO or barter websites to hold the
official barter fair annually
 encourage people reuse the things that needed
 cultivate the reusing habit or trend

21. Alternatives Composting
• Redeveloping farming industry
- over 80% of agricultural land are abandoned
(~3,800 hectares (Yiu, 2014))
- food residues recycling center
- produce organic fertilizers for farming
 raise the agricultural self-sufficiency rate

22. Conclusion
Source from: http://www.deq.mt.gov/Recycle/WR-Consumer-
Spending_New.mcpx
Level of difficulty Level of favor

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