4. Objectives:
1. Differentiate the states
of matter
2. Identify the physical and
chemical properties of
matter
3. Differentiate physical
from chemical change
5.
6. Identify if the word is a matter or not
1. Chair
2. Love
3. Book
4. Ice
5. Coffee
6. Kind
7. Laptop
8. Cellphone
9. Air
10.Helium
8. How can you distinguish the different
states of matter?
MACROSCOPIC MICROSCOPIC
9. MACROSCOPIC MICROSCOPIC
• sense of sight
• sense of touch
• sense of hearing
• sense of taste
• sense of smell
• Atoms (Shape and Volume)
• Motion of particles(freely/not)
• Energy when heated
• Compressible
• Forces of attraction
10.
11. Other states of matter
Plasma
Bose- Einstein Condensate
Fermionic Condensate
12.
13.
14. Other states of matter
Bose-
Einstein
Condensate
Fermionic
Condensate
20. Physical Properties
◦ Can be observed without
changing the composition of a
matter
EXAMPLES
Melting point, boiling point,
odor, color, taste, solubility,
density, hardness, softness,
ductility, malleability, viscosity,
heat and electrical conductivity.
21. ◦Ductile-- ability to hammered
◦Malleability - Ability to deform and change the
shape
◦Viscosity - Ability of to flow
22. Physical change
◦Process that occurs when composition of a
matter is not altered
◦Change in matter is bought about by absorbing
or releasing an amount of energy or heat
26. Examples of physical change
◦Cutting of nails
◦Freezing of Ice
◦Melting of ice cream
◦Drying of clothes
◦Chopping of wood
27. Chemical Properties
◦When the substance undergoes a change in its
composition
EXAMPLE
Combustion, flammability, electrolysis, and reactivity.
28. ◦Combustion complete burning with oxygen.
◦Flammability is the ability of matter to burn.
Wood is flammable; iron is not.
◦Electrolysis is an electrochemical process in
which electricity is used to split
◦water into two gases, hydrogen and oxygen.
29. ◦Reactivity is the ability of matter to combine
chemically with other substances.
◦For example, iron is highly reactive with
oxygen.
31. Chemical Changes
Chemical changes occur when a substance reacts and
forms one or more new substances.
Formation of a precipitate (solid).
A change in color or odor.
Production of a gas (bubbling).
You know a chemical change has occurred
when there is. . .
Absorb or release energy
(gets hot or cold or light is given off).
32. Examples of Chemical Changes:
Burning
Or Combustion:
Color change, odor change,
Produces a gas, gets hot
Corroding:
Color change
Rusting:
Color change
Molding:
Color change
Decaying:
Color change
Digesting:
Color change, odor
Change, produces a
Gas, releases energy
33. Examples of chemical change
◦Baking
◦Burning
◦Fireworks
◦Rusting of metal
◦Cooking an egg
your senses – sight, hearing, taste, touch and smell.
matter made of atoms
particles always in motion
has energy, transferred when hitTED
your senses – sight, hearing, taste, touch and smell.
matter made of atoms
particles always in motion
has energy, transferred when hitTED
Firces of attraction
Attractive forces exist within and between particles.
2 types
Intramolecular = within molecules
Intermolecular = between molecules
plasmas are made up of atoms in which some or all of the electrons have been stripped away and positively charged nuclei, called ions, roam freely.
Plasma is superheated matter – so hot that the electrons are ripped away from the atoms forming an ionized gas. It comprises over 99% of the visible universe. In the night sky, plasma glows in the form of stars, nebulas, and even the auroras that sometimes ripple above the north and south poles. That branch of lightning that cracks the sky is plasma, so are the neon signs along our city streets. And so is our sun, the star that makes life on earth possible.
Because so much of the universe is made of plasma, its behavior and properties are of intense interest to scientists in many disciplines. Importantly, at the temperatures required for the goal of practical fusion energy, all matter is in the form of plasma. Researchers have used the properties of plasma as a charged gas to confine it with magnetic fields and to heat it to temperatures hotter than the core of the sun. Other researchers pursue plasmas for making computer chips, rocket propulsion, cleaning the environment, destroying biological hazards, healing wounds and other exciting applications.
plasmas are made up of atoms in which some or all of the electrons have been stripped away and positively charged nuclei, called ions, roam freely.
Plasma is superheated matter – so hot that the electrons are ripped away from the atoms forming an ionized gas. It comprises over 99% of the visible universe. In the night sky, plasma glows in the form of stars, nebulas, and even the auroras that sometimes ripple above the north and south poles. That branch of lightning that cracks the sky is plasma, so are the neon signs along our city streets. And so is our sun, the star that makes life on earth possible.
Because so much of the universe is made of plasma, its behavior and properties are of intense interest to scientists in many disciplines. Importantly, at the temperatures required for the goal of practical fusion energy, all matter is in the form of plasma. Researchers have used the properties of plasma as a charged gas to confine it with magnetic fields and to heat it to temperatures hotter than the core of the sun. Other researchers pursue plasmas for making computer chips, rocket propulsion, cleaning the environment, destroying biological hazards, healing wounds and other exciting applications.
In condensed matter physics, a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter that is typically formed when a gas of bosons at low densities is cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero (−273.15 °C or −459.67 °F). Under such conditions, a large fraction of bosons occupy the lowest quantum state, at which point microscopic quantum mechanical phenomena, particularly wavefunction interference, become apparent macroscopically. A BEC is formed by cooling a gas of extremely low density (about 100,000 times less dense than normal air) to ultra-low temperatures.
In condensed matter physics, a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter that is typically formed when a gas of bosons at low densities is cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero (−273.15 °C or −459.67 °F). Under such conditions, a large fraction of bosons occupy the lowest quantum state, at which point microscopic quantum mechanical phenomena, particularly wavefunction interference, become apparent macroscopically. A BEC is formed by cooling a gas of extremely low density (about 100,000 times less dense than normal air) to ultra-low temperatures.
A fermionic condensate, or fermi condensate, is a state of matter (superfluid phase) which is very similar to the Bose–Einstein condensate. Superfluids are also Bose-Einstein condensates.[1]
The only difference is that Bose-Einstein condensates are made up of bosons, and are social with each other (in groups, or clumps). Fermi condensates are anti-social (they don't attract each other at all). This has to be done artificially.
Bosons and fermions are subatomic particles (bits of matter smaller than an atom). The difference between a boson and a fermion is the number of the atom's electrons, neutrons and/or protons. An atom is composed of bosons if it has an even number of electrons. An atom is composed of fermions if it has an odd number of electrons, neutrons and protons. An example of a boson would be a gluon. An example of a fermion would be potassium-40
Distinguishing characteristics that you
Ductile- ability to hammered
Ability to deform and change the shpe
Ability of to flow
Sublimation-dry ice
Deposiiton- frost (deposition of water avor
Combustion complete burning with oxygen.
Flammability is the ability of matter to burn. Wood is flammable; iron is not.
Electrolysis is an electrochemical process in which electricity is used to split
water into two gases, hydrogen and oxygen.
Reactivity is the ability of matter to combine chemically with other substances.
For example, iron is highly reactive with oxygen.
