This document discusses the properties of matter. It defines matter as anything that takes up space and has mass. Matter is made up of tiny particles too small to see. Examples of matter include people, houses, trees, cars, computers, paper, air, water, and everything. The document discusses physical properties like shape and volume used to describe the three states of matter: solids, liquids, and gases. Solids have a definite shape and volume, liquids take the shape of their container, and gases fill their entire container and have no definite volume. Methods for finding the volume of solids and liquids are also presented.

1. MATTER AROUND US
MADE BY:
ANUJ GUPTA
CLASS:IX
ROLL NO:6

3. PROPERTIES OF ALL OBJECTS :
They take up space
They have mass
Mass is how much there is of an object.
It is related to how much something
weighs, but mass and weight are two
different things.

4. Objects that take up space
and have mass are called
matter.
All matter is made up of lots
of tiny particles that are too
small to be seen by the eye.

5. S OME EXAMPLES OF
MATTER?
People Houses
Trees Cars
Computers Paper
Air Pencils
Water EVERYTHING

6. PHYS ICAL PROPERTIES
Physical properties refer to the
characteristics of an object that can
be seen without changing how that
object looks.
Some examples of physical properties
are:
Shape
Volume
Movement of particles
Spacing of particles

7. PHYS ICAL PROPERTIES
When we describe matter, we
use the physical properties to
talk about the states of matter.
For example, if I was describing
a solid I would say that ALL
solids have a definite shape and a
definite volume.
Notice I didn’t say that they are hard. I
didn’t say that because not ALL solids are
hard. Think about your hair. Is it hard?

8. THE S TATES OF MATTER
Solids
Ex. Rocks, chairs, clothes, paper, ice, etc.
Liquids
Ex. Water, soda, milk, juice, etc.
Gases
Ex. Oxygen, helium, carbon dioxide, etc.

9. S OLIDS
Ways to describe solids:
ALL solids have a definite shape
ALL solids have a definite
volume
The particles in ALL solids are
packed closely together
The particles in ALL solids
vibrate in place.

10. FINDING VOLUME OF A
S OLID
There are two ways to find the volume of a
solid. You must determine the type of the
solid before you can find the volume.
The two types of solids are rectangular solids
and irregular solids.

11. VOLUME OF
RECTANGULAR S OLIDS
An example of a rectangular solid would be a book. A book has a
length, width, and volume.
To calculate the volume of a book, you would first measure the
length, width, and height. Then, you multiply those values
together.
Length x Width x Height = Volume

12. VOLUME OF AN IRREGULAR
S OLID
To find the volume of an irregular solid, you will need to use water
displacement with a graduated cylinder.
Water displacement means that you would put water in the
graduated cylinder. Then, drop the solid into the cylinder. Then
however much the water rose would be the volume of the solid.
Volume of irregular solid = new water level –
original water level.

13. LIQUIDS
Ways to describe
liquids:
ALL liquids have a definite
volume
ALL liquids take the shape
of the container they are
placed in.
The particles in liquids are
relatively spread out.
The particles move apart
from each other and flow
from place to place

14. FINDING VOLUME OF A
LIQUID
To find the volume of a liquid, scientists use a tool called a
graduated cylinder.
A graduated cylinder is similar to a measuring cup in that it shows
measurements in increments on the outside of the container.

15. GAS ES
Ways to describe gases:
ALL gases have no definite
volume.
ALL gases take the shape of
their container, filling all of the
available space.
The particles in a gas are
spread out in the available
space.
The particles move easily
through the available space.

16. The end