15. Metal Obtaining Most metals are in nature as minerals. Chalcosite: copper rich Pyrite: iron rich Hematite: iron rich Limonite: iron rich Bauxite: aluminum rich Pure gold
16. Obtaining cast iron and steel Coal Iron ore Limestone Blast furnace Torpedo ladle Ladle Furnace Refining Furnace We can obtain cast iron from the melting of coal,iron ore and limestone at the blast furnace , then we carry it to the refining furnace using torpedo furnace and ladle furnace. In the refining furnace the amount of carbon to obtain steel decreases.
17. Obtaining of metals by electolysis We use a high voltage electric current over the melted metal. Pure metal is attracted by the negative electrode (remember that metal atoms are positive). We can use this method to obtain metals like copper and aluminum.
18. Metal Working To drill To cut To fix and to bend To measure and to mark To smooth To split To finish
![Metal Properties ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cast Iron Steel Copper Tin Zinc Aluminum Magnesium Titanium Tensile Strength 18 kg 70kg 18kg 5kg 3kg 10Kg 18kg 70kg Mass(per m 3 ) 7600kg 7800kg 8800kg 7300kg 7400kg 2700kg 1700kg 4500kg Fusion temperature 1100ºC 1500ºC 1083ºC 231ºC 419ºC 660ºC 650ºC 1800ºC](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)